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木本粮油是人类最初的食物来源,是粮食重要组成部分。在我国几千年的饥荒斗争史中,木本粮油发挥过十分重要的作用。即使是新中国成立后,木本粮油仍然是战胜饥荒、解决温饱的重要物质基础。在全面建设小康社会的新时期,加快发展木本粮油,提供丰富的森林食品和工业原料,不仅可以开辟保障我国粮食安全的新途径,还能加快山区开发,改善生态环境,促进经济社会的可持续发展。 相似文献
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杨朝兴 《绿色中国(A版)》2013,(4):56-57
粮食安全是社会和谐的基础和条件。针对粮食安全面临的耕地资源紧张、气候变化等新挑战,在深入分析木本粮油发展有利因素的基础上,根据党的十八大"增强农业综合生产能力、确保国家粮食安全和重要农产品有效供给"的新要求,阐述了大力发展木本粮油是实现粮食(油料)安全的新出路,论述了产业化发展的新举措。 相似文献
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《绿色中国(A版)》2008,(10)
9月11日至12日,全国油茶产业发展现场会在长沙召开。中共中央政治局委员、国务院副总理回良玉出席会议并讲话。他强调,发展油茶等木本粮油产业兼具经济效益、社会效益、生态效益, 相似文献
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《林业资源管理》2017,(4)
利用2006—2015年河南林业统计资料中主要木本粮油树种数据,通过灰色理论建立预测模型,对2016—2020年河南主要木本粮油树种的产出潜力进行预测,预计到2020年发展面积将达798 917.24 hm~2,产量721 575.24t,产值1 547 786.96万元,并利用食物当量的概念计算出2020年河南省木本粮油发展可替代的耕地面积为12 549.81hm~2。针对制约河南木本粮油产业发展的主要原因,提出加强良种繁育推广优良品种,建立木本粮油生产基地,搞好加工利用和流通,完善多元投入机制,加大金融扶持力度,提高科技支撑能力,加快河南木本粮油产业发展。 相似文献
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近年来,我国粮食结构性短缺和安全问题凸显。我国木本粮油具有产业资源丰富和分布广泛的特点,有着较高的开发价值,可以实现对山地、林地等非农地资源的利用程度和利用效率。在战略层次上,无论是市场供需还是提升农民收入方面,都有着重要意义,发展木本粮油产业已成为大势所趋。本文从粮食产量现状出发,结合国际贸易形式,对本木粮油产业的发展态势和优势予以论述。在此基础上,提出政策建议,以期为解决供需不平衡、保障国家粮食安全等问题提供助力。 相似文献
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黑龙江省乡土木本粮油树种资源丰富,发展木本粮油树种有着得天独厚的优势和广阔的市场前景。文章阐述了黑龙江省发展乡土木本粮油树种的重要意义及有利条件,提出了通过统筹规划,合理布局、加大科技创新和政策扶持以及开发具有地域特色的粮油产品的发展思路。 相似文献
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文中从良种繁育、机械设备、管理技术3个方面梳理木本粮油科技支持政策的主要内容,采用木本粮油主产地区农户调查数据和林业统计年鉴数据分析木本粮油科技支持政策实施效果,得出如下结论:木本粮油科技支持政策促进了木本粮油良种研发与推广,推进了研发机构和生产示范基地建设,有利于木本粮油经济林提质增效;同时,存在专业机械的开发与使用不足以及木本粮油科技推广效果不够显著等问题。在此基础上,提出了如下建议:持续推进种质资源体系建设,进一步发挥研发机构和生产示范基地优势,加大科技支持政策扶持力度,加强木本粮油专用机械的开发与利用,优化技术培训方式。 相似文献
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杨继平 《绿色中国(A版)》2005,(18):4-6
粮食安全是我国长期面临的战略问题。要不断提高粮食持续生产能力,解决我国粮食长治久安问题,新的希望在山,新的潜力在林。应该把大力发展木本粮油“当成一个方向和方针性的问题”摆上重要位置。这既是改善生态状况和增加粮食产量的双赢之举,又是满足国内外市场需求和调整农村产业结构的现实选择。但是,木本粮油还没有被特别注意,存在不少未解决的问题,需要从战略上采取措施推进木本粮油的发展。 相似文献
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西部大开发中木本粮油树种大有可为 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我国正在实施宏伟的西部大开发战略 ,其中生态建设和环境保护列为主要内容之一 ,“十五”期间将因地制宜地推进天然林保护、退耕还林还草以及防沙治沙、草原保护等重要工程建设。西部地区生态条件差 ,经济也欠发达 ,人民生活水平较低。笔者认为 ,在植树造林中 ,应注意发展木本粮油树种 ,原因在于种植木本粮油植物一般可不占用耕地 ,荒山、丘陵、坡地、盐碱地、沙地等均可择而栽之 ,起到保持水土、防风固沙、改善生态环境的作用 ,同时木本粮油树种中种子是营养丰富的食品及油料 ,有些树木的种子还是提取工业用油的原料 ,还有的树木如橡子 ,在… 相似文献
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我国木本粮油产业发展战略研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
木本粮油产业是以栽培利用木本淀粉类和木本油料类经济树种的产业门类。阐述了我国发展木本粮油产业的战略意义——发展木本粮油产业是缓解我国粮油供需矛盾、维护国家粮油安全的必然选择,是发展绿色经济、促进农民增收的重要途径,是优化食物结构、提高人民生活水平的现实需要,是加快国土绿化、改善生态环境的有效方式;分析了我国发展木本粮油产业的有利条件——我国有非常丰富的木本粮油树种资源,有适宜发展木本粮油的大面积丘陵山地,有广阔的国内外消费市场;提出了我国发展木本粮油产业的对策和建议——应该把发展木本粮油产业纳入国家粮食安全、食用油安全和能源安全的全新发展轨道中,要加大政府扶持力度,加大科技支撑力度,科学制订木本粮油产业规划,实施木本粮油产业的集约化栽培,延长产业链条,提高综合效益,提高木本粮油产业化技术水平,加强人才培养,保障产业发展的技术力量。 相似文献
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从油橄榄引种看我国木本食用油料产业的发展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了科学制定木本油料产业发展规划,论述了我国发展木本食用油料产业的优势和特点,分析了橄榄油的营养价值和市场动力,简述了我国油橄榄引种栽培的历史,指出了我国目前木本食用油料产业发展中存在的主要问题,并提出了促进木本食用油料产业发展的对策与措施。 相似文献
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The dwellers of ancient Egypt (km't*) have left in their tombs, paintings and papyri an immeasurable legacy of information concerning their religion, writing, language, agriculture, food storage and pest control. Several insect species (belonging to the families Anobiidae, Braconidae, Cleridae, Curculionidae, Cyclorrhapha, Dermestidae, Phycitidae, Ptinidae and Tenebrionidae) were found in the corpses (kha't) as well as the food offerings (pert er kheru) given to the deceased, which have been buried in predynastic (~4500–2900 B. C.) and dynastic tombs (~2900 B. C. –395 A. D.). These funerary insects witness the early occurrence of necrophagous and graminivorous pests infesting human and animal corpses as well as stored food offerings. Such infestations by harmful intruders may represent one of the first traceable links between insects and man in history. The understandable anxiety of the priests that tombdefiling insects (apshait) may injure the mummified body of the dead, is expressed in chapter 36 of the Book of the Dead (XVIII.–XXII. Dynasty), used as a manual of instructions for the resurrected deceased (aakhu) in the underworld (duat). It is understood that the ancient Egyptians were not able to foresee that extensive employment of spacious stores stuffed with food supplies will attract 2–3 dozens of insect species and provide them with vast amounts of desiccated seeds, plant and animal tissues. The insects thus gained optimal conditions for their propagation and rapid build-up of dense pest populations. The country-wide use of large granaries and other food stores can be regarded as an early historical incidence interfering with the natural equilibrium among insects and man. The insect species breeding in desiccated cereals and other foodstuffs stored in ancient Egypt have probably originated from ancestors which prevailed in specific natural habitats (where they may be found also at present). The shift of those insect species from natural habitats to the storage environment was probably promoted by the ability of the former to live in storage buildings and utilize desiccated and partly nutrient-deficient foodstuffs—owing to their efficient water conservation, microbial supplementation of lacking nutrients, adaptation of their reproductive behaviour to reduced space and illumination as well as due to employment of a larval diapause in response to adverse conditions. 相似文献
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Qin Zhang Guangyu Wang Feng Mi Xuanchang Zhang Lianzhen Xu Yufang Zhang Xiaoli Jiang 《林业研究》2019,(5):1651-1666
Continuously growing populations and rapid economic development have led to the excessive use of forest resources,and the forest ecosystem is threatened.In response,forest ecological security(FES)has attracted attention.In this study,an integrated dynamic simulation model was constructed using the system dynamic method,and it was used to evaluate the FES in China from 1999 to 2014.A scenario analysis was then used to evaluate the changes in the FES under five forestry policy scenarios for the 2015–2050 period,including the baseline,afforestation policy,harvesting policies,management policy,investment policy,and a policy mix.The results showed that the evaluation values of the FES increased during the period from 1999 to 2002,the period from 2004 to 2010 and the year 2014,and they decreased in 2003 and during the period from 2011 to 2013.During the 2015–2050 simulation period,the FES improved continuously.In particular,China would enter a new stage when the economic systems,social systems and ecosystems were in harmony after 2040.To improve the FES and the current status of the FES,a scenario analysis showed the most suitable scenario to be Scenario 5 from 2015 to 2020 and Scenario 2 from 2021 to 2050.To relieve pressure,the most suitable scenario would be Scenario 5 from 2015 to 2040 and from 2046 to 2050,and the most suitable scenario would be Scenario 4 for 2041–2045.A policy mix(Scenario 5)would be most efficient under current conditions,while the effects of all the benefits of the forestry policies would weaken over the long term.The integrated method can be regarded as a decision support tool to help policy makers understand FES and promulgate a reasonable forestry policy. 相似文献
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退耕还林的目标,是恢复被人类破坏的生态环境,其学术研究可追溯到20世纪20~50年代对采矿业和地下水开采所造成的各种塌陷环境及其生态恢复方面的研究。1983年,在美国召开了题为“干扰与生态系统”(DisturbanceandEco-system)学术会议,系统探讨了人类的干扰对生物圈、自然景观、生态系统、种群和生物种的生物学特征的影响。1985年Aker和Tordan两位英国学者提出了“恢复生态学”的概念。在我国,对各种退化土地生态系统的整治与改良利用工作始于20世纪50年代末。一当前实施的退耕还林工程属于计划式的资源配置方… 相似文献
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介绍了我国木材和竹材资源的基本情况,对我国木材供需矛盾作了分析,提出了如何加大竹材资源的开发力度的建议。 相似文献
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利用SPAD-502叶绿素计测定我国南方九节、三叉苦、桃金娘和阴香4种植物的叶绿素相对含量.研究结果表明,成熟叶中的叶绿素相对含量均极显著大于嫩叶,而其在同一叶片不同部位的分布为:叶尖<叶中部<叶基,其中,叶尖与叶基有极显著差异(P<0.001),叶尖与叶中部仅在嫩叶中有极显著差异(P<0.0001).主脉左右两侧绿素相对含量分布为:左区>右区,在嫩叶中有显著差异(P<0.05),但在成熟叶与嫩叶的叶尖均无显著差异.叶绿素相对含量的最佳测定部位为全展开叶片的中部.本项研究可为不同目的叶片叶绿素含量测定与取样提供参考. 相似文献
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Biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of 16 riparian woody plant species in Northeast China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Our research focused on eutrophication control and species screening for riparian zone vegetation restoration in the upstream reach of the Hun River. We studied 16 hardwood plant species to investigate nutrient concentrations and nitrogen and phosphorus accumulations. After about 120 days of growth in pots, these 16 species varied in dry matter biomass, ranging from 15.13 to 637.16 g. Total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations and distribution in roots, stems and foliage differed both within and between tested species. Mean TN and TP accumulation ranged from 0.167 to 14.730 g per plant and from 0.016 to 1.20 g, respectively. All 16 species, but especially Lespedeza bicolor, Robinia pseudoacacia and Sorbaria sorbifolia had strong potential to remove TN and TP from soil and could be widely utilized for the restora- tion of destroyed riparian zones in northeast China. 相似文献