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1.
对K,L,Sh,T型4类小麦雄性不育系杂种F1恢复度分析表明:1.4类细胞质均存在不同程度的不良效应;2不育系易恢复性能为K〉L≥Sh〉T型;.3K型不育系恢复度高的一个重要原因在于小穗中部小花结实性好;4.4类不育系的恢复度均与穗粒数有重要相关关系;5.4种细胞质类型对筛选高恢复度杂种F1具有各自不同的要求;6.研究K,L,Sh型恢复度时,利用国际法表示恢复度较为合理。  相似文献   

2.
K型小麦细胞质雄性不育系育性恢复性的遗传研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
K型小麦雄性不育系K149A,保持系149及其3个恢复材料L783,太106和PH85-4经杂交、自交获得F1(A/R),F2,B2(A∥A/R),B2(A∥B/R)等世代材料,所有材料连同亲本于1995年秋种植于山东农业大学农场,1996年考查其目交结实率并据此分析K型小麦雄性不育系育性恢复的遗传特点,结果表明F2和B2中极少出现完全不育株,F1、F2和B2平均自交结实率无显著差异,且B2的平均自交结实率显著低于B2,因此初步认为K型小麦雄性不育系属于配子体不育,3个恢复材料可能均含有一对主效显性恢复基因和众多微效恢复基因,L783的恢复力强于太106和PH85-4。  相似文献   

3.
小麦T型细胞质雄性不育系T9023A的选育及育性恢复研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了丰富T型杂交小麦的不育系和恢复系资源,以优质多抗小麦品种郑麦9023为轮回亲本,对T型小麦细胞质雄性不育系T504A连续回交选育不育系,研究其雄性败育特点,并进行恢复系鉴定和育性恢复的遗传分析。结果表明:回交转育获得不育系T9023A,其不育性稳定,雄性败育彻底,花药干瘪细长、不开裂,I_2-KI染色显示,花粉败育类型为圆败和典败。以具有野燕麦(Q型)细胞质的小麦品种川农26和川农27与T9023A测交,其测交F_1自交结实率(国内法)分别为80.3%和62.6%,川农26对T9023A的恢复能力更强一些。T9023A/川农26的F_2群体可育株与不育株分离比符合15∶1,表明川农26携带有T型细胞质雄性不育的2对主效恢复基因。  相似文献   

4.
 系统考察了偏、粘、易和二角4种异质1B/1R小麦雄性不育类型的育性稳定性和育性恢复性,测定了它们杂种F#-1中雌雄可育(1B)与不育(1BL/1RS)配子的传递率。结果表明:(1)其不育性可分为完全不育;转育过程中从低到高世代育性一直分离;低世代不育,高世代育性分离至全育3种类型。欲使不育性既稳定又易恢复,应注意选择仅含主效不育基因(或不带有任何修饰基因的1RS片段)的不育核型是一关键。(2)4种异质全不育系和它们的恢复系,各自核内的育性基因系列组成在不同品种(系)中分布不同,这与其恢复性直接相关。全不育系核内是以单对主效不育基因[(或是1RS片段)A#-1]和单对主效不育基因+抑制基因(A#-2)两种形式存在。恢复系核内则有4种形式:即主效恢复基因+微效可育基因(C#-1);主效恢复基因(C#-2);主效恢复基因+抑制基因(C#-3);仅含微效可育基因(C#-4)。它们彼此结合后可构成8种育性表现,其中,仅3种育性基因组合方式(A#-1×C#-1 、A#-1×C#-2和A#-2×C#-1)恢复度最高,而且较稳定。而其余5种组配形式都易受环境条件的影响,有着较大的恢复度变异。(3)杂种F#-1中的1BL/1RS不育配子雌雄传递率明显不同,在雄配子中极低,甚至部分组合为零。从而使F#-1恢复度很大程度上由1B配子的数量和授粉时对1BL/1RS配子的补偿能力来决定。  相似文献   

5.
龚宏伟  马翎健 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(28):13702-13704
[目的]研究几种小麦雄性不育系育性敏感期的可溶性蛋白质含量变化。[方法]以2种K型小麦雄性不育系及保持系和YS型温敏不育系为材料,对花粉发育过程中倒二叶和花药中可溶性蛋白质含量进行研究。[结果]不育系花药中蛋白质含量从减数分裂期至单核期呈上升趋势,而单核期至三核期呈下降趋势,且单核期至二核期下降速率最快;保持系在单核期至三核期蛋白质含量下降较不育系缓慢,整个时期可溶性蛋白质含量明显低于保持系;不育系和保持系叶片中可溶性蛋白质含量在整个生育期变化没有花药中变化明显;K型不育系和YS型温敏不育系蛋白质含量差异不明显;不育系可溶性蛋白质含量显著下降。[结论]蛋白质合成受阻或较多的蛋白质降解会导致生理代谢紊乱,花粉正常发育受到阻碍。  相似文献   

6.
综述了国内外对野败型、包台型、红莲型3种水稻细胞质雄性不育系的育性恢复性遗传的研究进展,它们间的恢复基因关系,以及恢复基因的克隆等情况。  相似文献   

7.
以YM型小麦温敏雄性不育系ATM3314与恢复系中国春配制杂交组合,连续2 a对该组合的P1、F1、P2和F2代的育性进行了调查,采用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合模型4世代联合分析法对YM型小麦温敏雄性不育系育性遗传进行了研究。结果表明,YM型小麦温敏雄性不育系育性受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+多基因联合控制,主基因遗传率很高,分别为95.62%和90.32%;2008年为加性-显性-上位性多基因控制,2009年为加性-显性多基因控制,多基因遗传率分别为0.058%和6.11%,表明环境对其育性波动有较大影响。  相似文献   

8.
生态雄性不育小麦ES-50育性转换机制的研究   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
为探讨生态雄性不育小麦的育性转换特性,在长沙自然气候条件下,通过分期播种对生态雄性不育小麦ES-50育性转换特性进行了初步研究,结果表明,ES-50是一个有明显育性转换特性的生态雄性不育系,早播不育,晚播可育;育性转换的临界温度约为13℃,育性转换的温度敏感期为抽穗前21-13d。  相似文献   

9.
苎麻雄性不育系育性鉴定初报   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8  
苎麻雄性不育系育性鉴定初报刘飞虎梁雪妮黄海泉(江西农业大学农学院,南昌330045)苎麻杂种优势利用已取得较大成果,如赣苎1号、2号和V10等雄性可育品种间杂种组合已在生产上推广应用。作为杂种优势利用基础的雄性不育系在苎麻中也有发现和报道,并有初步描...  相似文献   

10.
光敏小麦雄性不育系A31的育性变异及遗传研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
通过不同生态点的育性试验,观察了光敏小麦雄性不育系A31的育性变异,并结合各试验点的光温条件,分析了A31在7个不同生态点的自交结实率。结果表明,A31雄性育性随日长增加有明显的下降趋势,日长是影响其育性的主导因素,在相近日长条件下,温度对A31育性也有一定的影响;A31育性转换的临界日长约为14.5h。对光敏雄性不育系A31与恢复系1376杂交F2分离群体育性的研究表明,582株F2分离群体的平均结实率为42.16%,变异范围为0~86.67%,由于受异源胞质的影响,F2群体中可育株的平均自交结实率低于恢复系1376的平均结实率。卡方测验表明,F2群体的育性分离符合1对基因的分离比例,所以A31光敏育性可能是由1对基因所控制。  相似文献   

11.
Genetics of Fertility Restoration in Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Pepper   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Pepper hybrid seeds production using male sterility could lower cost by reducing time and labour, and increase the genetic purity of the F1 seeds. To investigate the genetics of fertility restoration of the Peterson cytoplasmic sterility in pepper, a doubled haploid population of 115 pepper lines obtained from anther culture of the F1 hybrid between Yolo Wonder (sterility maintainer line) and Perennial (fertility restorer line) and the parental lines were test-crossed by 77013A (a strict cytoplasmic-genic male sterile line). The fertility of the test-crossed lines was assessed in greenhouse and open field with the following three criteria: pollen index (PI, visual estimation of pollen amount per flower), pollen number (PN, pollen counting under microscope), and seed number (SN, the number of seeds per fruit in open pollination). Correlations between the each couple of criteria within, as well as between the cultivation methods ranged from 0.55 to 0.84. Analysis of variance showed that the genotype (DH line) and environment were the significant sources of variation of the fertility. Narrow sense of heritance of fertility restoration ranged from 0.38 to 0.92, depending on the criteria and environment. The distribution of the progeny was continuous between the parental genotypes indicating the quantitative inheritance of fertility restoration. Inferred from segregation according to Snape et al.(1984), the number of segregating genes was estimated to be that three to four genetic factors were involved in pollen traits (PI and PN) and five to eight genetic factors in seed production (SN). The heredity analysis of the CMS will be helpful for understanding of the genetic mechanism of the fertility restoration and the exploitation of the CMS in hybrid seed production.  相似文献   

12.
以玉米细胞质雄性不育系为材料,对自交系068的育性恢复性进行测定。结果表明,068对478、黄早四、48-2背景下的CMS-T、CMS-C、CMS-S不育胞质分别呈完全恢复、部分恢复和不育性保持。068对同核异质不育系的不同胞质之间未检测到育性恢复上的明显差异。068同不育材料一次测交与再次回交的育性测定结果存在差异。自交系068对可作为CMS-T、CMS-C和CMS-S不育胞质的共同恢复系,为利用多胞质进行不育化制种提供了条件。  相似文献   

13.
普通小麦K、V型雄性不育系的恢复度和育性分离差异   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文研究了小麦K、V型两种雄性不育系在恢复度及育性分离方面的差异。结果表明,K型不育系较V型不育系容易恢复,二者平均自交结实率相差577个百分点,达极显著水平;K、V型不育系在育性分离上差异显著。与K型不育系相比,V型不育系杂种F2代及回交一代中均出现较多的全不育、高不育株,而全育株频率较低。K型不育系与V型不育系在育性恢复上存在着不同的遗传机制。  相似文献   

14.
细胞质雄性不育海岛棉恢复系恢复基因的遗传分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
 【目的】在陆地棉细胞质雄性不育系与海岛棉种质材料进行测恢筛选时,选得一个对不育有恢复力的海岛棉材料“海R”,本研究的目的是了解其育性恢复的遗传方式。【方法】构建23种不同的F2群体和回交群体,分析和明确恢复基因的遗传。【结果】“海R”恢复基因属孢子体遗传,由一个主效显性基因(RfB)控制。在恢复基因呈隐性时不育胞质不但对雄配子的传递有影响,而且对雌配子的传递也有影响。【结论】推测此海岛棉恢复系的育性恢复基因来源于哈克尼西棉基因组,在陆地棉与海岛棉的种间杂种优势利用中具有应用价值。  相似文献   

15.
In order to clarify inheritance mechanism of fertility restoration for cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in a new Gossypium barbadense restorer line Hai R which was found in the fertility test crossing of G. hirsutum CMS lines with G. barbadense germplasms. 23 fertility segregation populations of F2 and backcross were used to analyze the inheritance of fertility restoring gene(s) of Hai R. The result showed that Hai R had one major dominant gene (RfB) to control the CMS fertility restoration and this fertility restoration gene functioned at the sporophytic level. The sterile cytoplasm background might not only influence the transmission rate of male gamete but also that of female gamete when the restorer gene was recessive. It could be deduced that this fertility restoration gene might come from G. harknessii cotton, Hai R is of value in the application of cotton interspecific hybrid breeding.  相似文献   

16.
 综述了近10年来植物细胞质雄性不育恢复基因分子生物学的研究进展。包括:(1)恢复基因的遗传;(2)恢复基因的定位;(3)恢复基因的克隆;(4)恢复基因的结构特征;(5)育性恢复的分子机理等。  相似文献   

17.
Acknowledgement It has been previously established that the BT type of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is induced by high temperatures, while photosensitive genic male sterility (PGMS) seed sets by low temperatures induce. In the current study, we have bred photosensitive cytoplasmic male sterility (PCMS) lines (2308SA and 2310SA) by crossing the CMS line with the PGMS japonica line with maintainer genes. The sterility of PCMS japonica was consequently controlled by two groups of male sterile genes resulting from the integration of PGMS and CMS genes. The results on plant fertility, at different sowing times, were as follows: (a) Under conditions of natural long-day photoperiod and at temperatures above 35~C, the PGMS gene regulated PCMS japonica sterility - the higher the temperature, the lower the pollen fertility. However, bagged seed sets of PCMS japonica, not exposed to high temperatures, induced the CMS seed set. (b) Exposure to long-day photoperiod and temperature conditions between 35℃ and the critical sterility inducing temperature of PGMS resulted in both PGMS and CMS gene controlled sterility of PCMS japonica, which exhibited stable characteristics. (c) When exposed to critical sterility inducing temperatures or short-day photoperiod and daily high temperatures below 32℃, the BT type of the CMS gene regulated PCMS sterility. Under these conditions, the PGMS gene rendered male sterility insusceptible to occasional cool summer days when this PCMS line, adopted for hybrid seed production, develops into panicle differentiation stage. The present study also investigated the fertility restoration, seed production and combining ability of PCMS japonica so as to optimize its use.  相似文献   

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