夏玉米苗期管理技术

从查苗补苗、间苗定苗、中耕灭茬、蹲苗促壮、追施苗肥、水分管理、合理化控、适时化除、防治病虫害等方面总结了夏玉米的苗期管理技术。     

夏玉米生产特点及高产栽培技术

积极探索夏玉米生产特点及高产栽培技术,有助于提升夏玉米种植水平。基于此,论述了夏玉米生产特点,分析了种子处理、播种、灌溉、施肥、田间管理、病虫害防治等夏玉米高产栽培技术要点,希望为夏玉米栽培工作提供参考。     

高产优质夏玉米新品种郑单958

郑单958是堵纯信教授育成的一个高产、稳产、多抗玉米新品种,于2000年先后通过山东、河南、河北和国家品种审定委员会审定,并被国家农业部定为重点推广品种。 特征特性 高产稳产 该品种在1998、1999     

夏玉米制种高产栽培技术

1　影响玉米制种产量的因素1.1　施肥不合理。一是量少 ,亩施尿素 15～ 2 0 kg、磷酸二铵 10 kg,虽然比大田玉米施肥量增加了不少 ,但还是远远不能满足玉米制种高产的需要。二是配方不合理 ,重氮磷肥轻钾肥和微肥。根据最小养分率 ,钾肥和微肥往往成为限制因素 ,氮肥、磷肥也不能得到充分利用。三是施用时期不合理。据研究 ,磷肥在玉米三叶前施用效果最明显 ,超过五叶后效果不明显。因此 ,磷酸二铵不应在大喇叭口期施用。1.2　花期不遇。由于错期不当或天气等原因造成的花期不遇 ,对玉米制种产量影响很大。1.3　玉米整齐度不高。由于自交系…     

夏玉米高产栽培管理技术

为充分发挥玉米品种的高产潜力,从播前准备、种子播种、田间管理等几个方面提出夏玉米高产栽培管理措施,旨在为提高玉米生产水平提供技术参考。     

沈丘县夏玉米高产栽培技术

强调因地制宜、科学种植的原则,从选用高产品种、足墒早播、合理密植、科学施用化学除草剂、适时间定苗、合理排灌与防旱除涝、病虫害防治、适时收获八个方面总结了沈丘县夏玉米高产栽培技术。     

夏玉米高产栽培技术探讨

从选用优良品种、适期早播、合理密植、科学施肥、病虫害防治几个方面,总结了夏玉米高产栽培技术,为夏玉米科学种植提供依据。     

夏玉米京农科728基本特性及高产栽培技术

<正>京农科728夏玉米新品种是北京农科院种业科技有限公司利用京MC01作母本,京2416作父本杂交选育而成。以其优良的综合农艺性状,抗病、抗倒、耐密等显著特点,为京津唐区域提供了一个优质、高产、稳产的夏玉米好品种。1基本特性京农科728属早熟品种,夏播生育期出苗至成熟98d,比京单28早熟1d。幼苗叶鞘紫色,叶片绿色,叶缘、花药淡紫色,株型紧凑。株高276cm,穗位94.5cm,     

A QTL controlling low temperature induced spikelet sterility at booting stage in rice

Low temperature is a major abiotic stress for rice cultivation, causing serious yield loss in many countries. To identify QTL controlling low temperature induced spikelet sterility in rice, the progeny of F2, BC1F1 and BC2F1 populations derived from a Reiziq × Lijiangheigu cross were exposed to 21/15°C for 15 days at the booting stage, and spikelet sterility was assessed. For genotyping, 92 polymorphic markers from 373 SSR and 325 STS primer pairs were used. A major QTL was initially indentified on the short arm of chromosome 10 by selective genotyping using highly tolerant and susceptible progeny from F2 and BC1F1 populations. The QTL (qLTSPKST10.1) was validated and mapped by genotyping the entire F2 (282 progeny) and BC1F1 (84 progeny) populations. The results from the F2 population showed that qLTSPKST10.1 could explain 20.5% of the variation in spikelet sterility caused by low temperature treatment with additive (a = 14.4) and dominant effect (d = −7.5). From the analysis of 98 selected BC2F1 progeny, the QTL located in the 3.5 cM interval between S10010.9 and S10014.4 was further confirmed. Based on the studies of 3 generations in 2 years, it was clear that the QTL on chromosome 10 is a major determinant of the control of low temperature induced spikelet sterility at booting stage.     

Genetic structure and association mapping of cold tolerance in improved japonica rice germplasm at the booting stage

Cold tolerance at booting stage is one of the major determinants for a stable yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in many high elevation or high latitude regions. Understanding the genetic basis of cold tolerance is crucial for the improvement of cold tolerance through breeding. In this study, association mapping was performed in 347 rice accessions worldwide with different statistical models in order to identify the genetic marker loci/QTL associated with cold tolerance traits at the booting stage. The evaluation of cold tolerance for all the traits was conducted under natural low temperature in Yunnan and cold water irrigation in Jilin. The 148 SSRs were used for the genotyping. Population structure analysis identified three main subpopulations for the accessions that corresponded to major geographic origins. The relative kinship analysis revealed a weak or no relationship for most of the individual pairs. Model comparisons indicated that the Q+K model controlling both population structure (Q) and the relative kinship (K) was performed better than other models in association mapping. In total, 24 markers were identified that were significantly associated with cold tolerance, including five markers in Yunnan and 19 markers in Jilin. Moreover, RM282, RM252, RM335 and RM6824 were identified in multiple environments or years. Many of these identified markers were located either in or nearby the regions where the QTLs have been reported for cold tolerance at booting stage. These results highlighted the targeted regions for future studies and might be subsequently used in breeding programs to trace and select the useful alleles by MAS.     

黄淮海夏玉米生产中的问题与对策

随着玉米优良品种的选育以及栽培技术的推广和应用，黄淮海区域的玉米产量有了大幅度的提高。但是和发达国家的生产水平相比还有很大的提升空间。为此，了解、分析、解决生产当中存在的问题，对提高该区域的玉米单产具有积极的意义。     

夏玉米不同栽培模式花后叶片光合性能的差异

光合作用是作物生长发育及产量形成的重要生理过程,不同栽培模式会显著影响夏玉米花后叶片光合性能。本研究于2018—2019年设置大田试验,以登海605为试验材料,当地农户栽培管理模式(farmer management mode,FP)为对照,通过综合优化种植密度、肥料运筹和种植方式等措施设置超高产栽培模式(super high yield mode,SH)、高产高效栽培模式(high-yield and efficient mode, HH)。分析不同栽培模式叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、气体交换参数和快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线(OJIP)等的变化特点,探究栽培模式对夏玉米花后叶片光合性能的调控效应。结果表明,不同栽培模式可显著影响夏玉米成熟期群体生物量,SH、HH模式较FP两年分别平均提高27.77%和7.43%,且HH模式花后群体生物量显著增加。不同栽培模式夏玉米花后叶片光合速率均呈现下降趋势,吐丝后30d(R₁+30d)时下降幅度较大。与FP相比, SH、HH在R₁和R₁+30 d净光合速率(net photosynt...     

夏玉米高温热害及应对措施

介绍了柘城县的自然条件及夏玉米高温热害的原因,总结了高温热害对夏玉米造成的危害,提出了相应的防治与补救措施。     

豫南豫北玉米生长发育的气候条件比较及豫南玉米发展对策

以豫南为侧重点,通过对有豫南豫北地区典型代表性的驻马店市和新乡市夏玉米主要生育时段近30年气象资料对比分析,找出了两地气候特点及对玉米生育阶段的影响,明确了降雨、积温、光照等气象因子对两地夏玉米生长发育的关系,得出豫南地区气候条件完全能够满足夏玉米生长发育的需要,只是年度间气象要素时空分布与玉米生育阶段的需要有时不相吻合而影响其产量的结论,并提出了可采取的应对措施,为促进豫南地区夏玉米生产提供了一定的科学依据。     

转基因技术在玉米种质改良中的应用

简述了玉米转基因工程中遗传转化的受体系统、目的基因和转基因技术的研究进展.分析了转基因技术在改良玉米品质、抗虫、抗病、抗除草剂、耐盐、抗旱、抗寒性、雄性不育、抗真菌和抗病毒病基因等方面取得的成效.     

催芽早播技术在玉米制种中的应用

催芽早播技术是延安市农业科技人员创造的一项以抗旱夺全苗,实现科学用水、经济用水的旱作农业节水增效耕作技术.在当地生产中大面积推广普及,增产增收效果十分显著.近年来,在玉米制种中试验示范和推广运用,收到了很好的效果,推广前景十分广阔.     

玉米转基因育种技术环节思考

转基因技术自产生以来因为生物安全而被关注。本文对转基因的育种过程的回交转育、选择、标记辅助选择、资源保护、生物安全、育种者责任、法律规定和未来发展方向等各个环节进行了分析、概括和总结。希望育种者能够在进行转基因过程中明确自身责任,按照法规行事,提高育种技巧,更好更安全地利用转基因为生产服务。     

长期定位施肥对夏玉米光合性状及产量的影响

基于 30年的长期定位试验, 研究了长期定位施肥对夏玉米光合性状及产量的影响。研究结果表明：随着施肥量的增加,玉米穗位叶叶绿素含量,光合速率,干物质积累量都显著提高。有机肥与氮肥配施的处理与偏施氮肥的处理相比,各项指标提高最为显著。长期不施肥,玉米的穗粒数最低偏施氮肥可以提高穗粒数,但与对照差异不显著,有机肥与氮肥配施可以显著提高小麦的穗粒数,产量较高,高有机肥与高氮肥配施的处理产量最高。