杏鲍菇多糖的抗疲劳活性研究

对杏鲍菇(Pleurotus eryngii)多糖的抗疲劳活性进行研究。试验结果显示,给药组的小鼠游泳时间和爬杆时间更长,且肌糖原和肝糖原含量明显超过对照组,但是对照组和给药组的小鼠体重和脏器系数并无明显差别。由此可见,杏鲍菇多糖在抗疲劳方面具备显著功效。     

杏鲍菇多糖和营养成分的研究现状

从杏鲍菇多糖的分离提取、生物活性和杏鲍菇氨基酸成分、液体培养杏鲍菇富集硒等方面,综述了杏鲍菇的多糖和常规营养成分研究现状.     

黑木耳多糖对糖尿病小鼠降血糖作用

目的：研究黑木耳多糖对正常小鼠及四氧嘧啶小鼠的降血糖作用。方法：黑木耳多糖灌胃30d，观察其对正常小鼠血糖的影响、对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响。结果：黑木耳多糖对正常小鼠血糖有降低作用；糖尿病小鼠血糖显著降低。结论：黑木耳多糖具有显著降血糖作用。     

杏鲍菇多糖在运动中的抗氧化活性与营养价值分析

以杏鲍菇子实体粉末为原料,对杏鲍菇多糖营养成分及稳定性进行试验。结果表明,杏鲍菇中粗蛋白、粗纤维含量在食用菌中处于中上水平,多糖总糖含量相对较高,达5.90 mg·mL-1,而粗脂肪、还原糖含量较低;杏鲍菇多糖的耐还原性和抗氧化性较好,低温存储不易氧化。测定和分析杏鲍菇的营养学特性,可为杏鲍菇相关产品的开发提供科学依据。     

粗毛黄褐孔菌多糖降血糖试验研究

通过研究粗毛黄褐孔菌多糖降血糖的作用,分别用不同剂量野生粗毛黄褐孔菌多糖,灌胃正常小鼠与四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠,结果显示,野生粗毛黄褐孔菌多糖对正常小鼠无明显影响,对糖尿病小鼠在给药21 d后,中剂量组和高剂量组与阴性对照组间差异极显著,与阳性对照组之间差异不显著;用野生粗毛黄褐孔菌与人工栽培、液体发酵菌丝体多糖相同剂量灌胃糖尿病小鼠21 d后,三者降血糖作用无显著差异,均能一定程度降低糖尿病小鼠血糖。     

杏鲍菇多糖抗氧化作用研究

采用恒温水浴振荡方法提取杏鲍菇水溶性粗多糖,再经分离纯化得固体杏鲍菇多糖.以对氧自由基的清除率为评价指标,采用邻苯三酚自氧化法和邻二氮菲-Fe2+-H2O2氧化法研究了杏鲍菇多糖对氧自由基的清除能力.结果表明:杏鲍菇多糖对羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基均有清除作用.在一定的多糖浓度范围内随着多糖浓度的增加对羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用亦增强,并呈良好的线性关系;杏鲍菇多糖浓度在0.7 mg/mL对羟自由基的清除率可达98.65％,对超氧阴离子自由基的清除率可达37.66％.     

杏鲍菇水溶性和碱溶性多糖提取工艺研究

对杏鲍菇水溶性多糖和碱溶性多糖的提取工艺进行了研究。结果显示,杏鲍菇粉用无水乙醇脱脂、0.5%木瓜蛋白酶水解后,加20倍体积水在90℃提取1 h,提取2次,水溶性多糖得率为11.3%。提取水溶性多糖后的残渣用20倍体积4%Na OH溶液,于70℃提取1 h,提取2次,碱溶性多糖得率为4.3%。研究为杏鲍菇多糖的综合提取提供了有益参考。     

杏鲍菇粗多糖的提取及其保湿性能研究

采用超声波法提取杏鲍菇(Pleurotus eryngii)粗多糖,通过单因素和正交试验确定提取的最佳条件为超声波功率70 W、时间40 min、料液比1∶40 (w/v),粗提物中的多糖量为71.2 mg/g;对杏鲍菇粗多糖保湿性能初步研究表明:1%杏鲍菇粗多糖在6 h内保湿性能优于5%甘油.     

马来西亚引进杏鲍菇品种工厂化栽培比较试验

对从马来西亚引进的优良杏鲍菇品种MH04814和当地品种YX进行了工厂化栽培对比试验,结果表明杏鲍菇MH04814比杏鲍菇YX生物转化率高11.4％,子实体成分粗蛋白含量和粗多糖含量分别高2.79％和3.12％.杏鲍菇MH04814在湖南多点推广试验表明,该菌株工厂化栽培适应性强,是适合工厂化生产的优良杏鲍菇菌株.     

杏鲍菇多糖的提取及其分离的研究

杏鲍菇是一种珍贵食用菌，杏鲍菇多糖具有多种生物活性，本文对杏鲍菇菌丝球样品进行热水提取，去蛋白，乙醇沉淀，无水乙醇离心，真空干燥，得到多糖粗品。再用DEAE—纤维素层析法进行多糖的分离，梯度洗脱收集，采用硫酸—苯酚法测定多糖，结果得到三个主要糖峰。     

刺芹侧耳谷氨酰胺对运动机体的作用

针对刺芹侧耳谷氨酰胺对运动机体的作用开展研究。测定了刺芹侧耳中氨基酸的含量,并对谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺进行了分离。小鼠动物试验表明,谷氨酰胺能够促进小鼠肌肉增长,对机体的耐氧能力和血糖浓度稳定有一定效果,能够有效提高机体运动能力和耐久力。     

葡萄糖、蛋白胨对阿魏蘑、杏鲍菇菌丝影响试验

碳源、氮源是食用真菌菌丝生长发育过程中不可缺少的营养物质.在试管种培养中,最常用的碳源是葡萄糖,氮源是蛋白胨.为此,进行了阿魏蘑、杏鲍菇菌丝生长葡萄糖和蛋白胨最适浓度筛选试验.试验结果表明,阿魏蘑菌丝生长最适葡萄糖和蛋白胨浓度分别是20%和0.5%;杏鲍菇菌丝生长最适葡萄糖和蛋白胨浓度分别是3.0%和0.6%.     

碳源和氮源对杏鲍菇菌丝生长的影响

采用常规培养方法研究了杏鲍菇对碳、氮营养源的利用情况。结果表明：杏鲍菇菌丝生长的最适碳源是葡萄糖,其最佳碳源浓度为3.0%,其次是蔗糖、果糖、麦芽糖、淀粉,而甘油对菌丝生长有抑制作用;有机氮源比无机氮源更适合杏鲍菇菌丝的生长,最适氮源为酵母膏,其最佳浓度为0.4%,其次是黄豆粉、蛋白胨和牛肉浸膏。     

杏鲍菇氨基酸对有氧运动中心肌及骨骼肌抗氧化能力的影响

为研究杏鲍菇氨基酸对有氧运动中心肌和骨骼肌的抗氧化能力,利用小鼠进行跑步有氧运动训练,同时灌胃杏鲍菇氨基酸,分组进行小鼠血液生化指标检测和体外抗氧化性试验.血液指标检测结果显示,杏鲍菇氨基酸能够有效降低血液LD、CK含量,但BUN含量出现升高.小鼠抗氧化试验结果显示,杏鲍菇氨基酸溶液对超氧阴离子自由基有较强的清除作用,...     

Microvessel density and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in glomeruli of diabetic mice

AIM: To investigate the relationship between microvessel density (MVD) and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in glomeruli of diabetic mice. METHODS: Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice as well as the control mice were involved in this study for 6 weeks. The body weight and blood glucose level of the mice in each group were weekly measured at certain time point. The morphological changes of the kidney were observed under light microscope, and the diameter, perimeter and area of the glomeruli were detected by an image analysis system. The expression of CD34 and VEGF in glomeruli was examined by immunohistochemistry method, and MVD and VEGF index were also calculated. RESULTS: In comparison with the control mice, the blood glucose level was significantly increased,and the body weight was decreased in diabetic mice(P<0.01). The diameter, perimeter and area of glomeruli in diabetic mice were significant greater than those in control mice (P<0.05). Increased expression of CD34 and VEGF in the glomeruli of diabetic mice was observed. Glomerular MVD of diabetic mice was significantly higher than that of the controls (P<0.01), and was positively correlated with the VEGF index (r=0.9979, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: VEGF may promote the angiogenesis in glomeruli of diabetic mice. The increase in VEGF expression may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.     

杏鲍菇冻干粉对机体运动的健康调节作用

研究杏鲍菇冻干粉对机体运动的健康调节作用.介绍了鲜杏鲍菇制备杏鲍菇冻干粉工艺,利用大鼠建立非健康模型进行分组试验.结果表明,与对照组相比,高剂量、中剂量试验组大鼠的体重、Lee's指数和体脂百分数显著降低(P<0.05);高、中、低剂量3个试验组大鼠血清中的LDL-C、TG、TC、TNF-α、IL-1β水平显著降低(P...     

Expression and probable role of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases in renal fibrosis associated with diabetic in mice

AIM: To investigate the expression and probable role of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) in renal fibrosis associated with diabetic in mice.METHODS: Male homozygous C57BL/6 mice were divided at random into control group (intraperitoneally injected with citrate buffer) and diabetes group (received 5 consecutive daily intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin at dose of 50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1).All mice were followed up for 16 weeks.Diabetes was confirmed by serum glucose levels exceeding 16.7 mmol/L.Mice were killed at 0,4,8,12 and 16 weeks respectively after streptozotocin injection.The kidney tissues were obtained from diabetic and control mice.Serum glucose,kidney weight/body weight (KW/BW),24 h albumin excretion rate (UAE) and the serum creatinine (Scr) were measured.The kidney tissue was used for histological and morphometric studies of glomerular size,glomerular matrix expansion (PAS),and the expression of TGF-β₁,phosphorylated ERK1/2 and collagen Ⅲ by immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: The serum level of glucose in streptozotocin -induced diabetic mice increased significantly.The kidney weight/body weight ratio,glomerular volume and glomerular matrix expansion in diabetic mice were obviously higher than those in control mice.Serum creatinine and 24 h albumin excretion rate in diabetic mice increased significantly compared with control mice.TGF-β₁,phosphorylated ERK1/2 and collagen Ⅲ levels were obviously increased in the kidney of diabetic mice compared with those in control mice (P<0.01).TGF-β₁ expression was positively related to the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2.CONCLUSION: The overexpression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in diabetic kidney may play an important role in the development of renal fibrosis associated with diabetic nephropathy in mice.     

灵芝粗多糖对糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用

研究灵芝粗多糖对糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用。灌胃5周后,剂量组与糖尿病模型对照组的血糖,有显著性差异（p〈O．01）,高剂量组与低剂量组的血糖水平,组间差异显著（p〈0．01）;剂量组小鼠的血清胰岛素值与糖尿病模型对照组比较,显著降低。灵芝粗多糖能显著降低糖尿病小鼠的空腹血糖,并呈现一定的剂量依赖关系,但其降血糖机理不是刺激胰岛素的分泌。     

Synergistic effect of hypertension and type 2 diabetes on cardiac dysfunction and myocardial remodeling in mice

AIM: To investigate whether the effect of hypertension combined with diabetic can lead to cardiac dysfunction and myocardial remodeling in mice. METHODS: The diabetic mice and non-diabetic mice of 14 weeks old were administered with PBS or angiotensin II (Ang II) for 4 weeks to induce mild hypertension. The left ventricular (LV) function was assessed by echocardiography and dobutamine stress test. The LV tissues were subjected to HE staining to assess cardiac hypertrophy. The phospharylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) levels in the LV tissues were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with control group, diabetic mice (DM group) neither displayed marked cardiac dysfunction nor myocardial remodeling. Ang II treatment did not affect body weight and glucose level, but the blood pressure was increased in the diabetic and control mice. Ang II-induced LV hypertrophy in diabetic mice was significantly higher than that in control mice as assessed by LV masses and cardiomyocyte sizes. Moreover, Ang II-treatment reduced LV fractional shortening and contractility in the diabetic mice, but not in the control mice. The p-AMPK levels were significantly reduced in Ang II group, DM group and DM+Ang II group. CONCLUSION: The cardiac function and cardiac structure of type 2 diabetic mice did not obviously change. Cardiac dysfunction and myocardial remodeling were easily induced in type 2 diabetic mice when hypertension happened, suggesting that hypertension is a critical factor of cardiac dysfunction and myocardial remodeling in type 2 diabetic mice.