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Rhodobacter capsulata(ATCC 23702)菌体进入土壤后,土壤pH值下降,菌体释放出的NH_4~+-N在土壤中不积累,迅速转变成NO_3~--N形式,后者在土壤中的累积量与加入的菌体量呈正比,土壤有机氮含量略有升高。在每公斤土壤中加入0.5克菌体时,土壤的呼吸作用在5周后达到平衡状态。玉米幼株的盆栽试验结果表明,R.capsulata菌液不仅在植株干重上,而且在植物的含氮量上,都比其它处理提高显著。R.capsulata菌体有可能作为植物生长的附加氮肥。 相似文献
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棉株不同器官中几种内源激素的变化及相关关系 总被引:9,自引:5,他引:9
本试验以转Bt基因抗虫棉GK 1 2为试材 ,研究不同生育期棉花幼叶、功能叶、衰老叶片、根组织和伤流中内源激素的变化。结果表明 :①细胞分裂素两组分iPA +iP和ZR +Z对叶片、根系建构及功能的调控作用是协同互补关系 ,在幼叶、功能叶、衰老叶片和根组织中iPA +iP和ZR +Z的含量变化趋势相反。iPA +iP和ZR +Z均呈单峰曲线变化趋势 ,其中iPA +iP开口向下 ,ZR +Z则开口向上。②赤霉素两组分GA3 和GA4在幼叶、功能叶、衰老叶片和根组织中的变化趋势相似 ,其中GA3 主要调控着根系和叶片的建构与功能 ,GA4参与调控叶片的衰老。③IAA和ABA在幼叶、功能叶、衰老叶片和根组织中的变化趋势不一致。盛花期之后 ,幼叶和功能叶片中的IAA和ABA含量上升 ,衰老叶片和根组织中的含量下降。ABA启动叶片和根系的衰老过程 ,启动后ABA含量下降。④伤流液中iPA +iP、ZR +Z、GA3 、GA4、IAA和ABA的变化动态均呈单峰曲线。 相似文献
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棉花纤维素累积与高强纤维的形成 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16
本文对成熟棉样纤维素含量与纤维强度的关系进行了分析,并用~8H标记法研究了纤维素沉积速度对纤维强度的影响。结果表明,不同品种正常成熟棉样的纤维素含量一般均在85%以上,对纤维强度的影响较小;但是当纤维素含量低于80%时,纤维素含量提高,则纤维强度提高。用~3H标记法测定表明,纤维素合成速度对纤维强度有明显影响。棉铃发育过程中,纤维素合成速度变化比较均匀,有利于均匀紧密结构纤维的形成,纤维强度较高(海岛棉)。如棉铃发育后期吐絮之前,再次出现纤维素合成与沉积高峰,则只能使纤维变粗,于强度无益(鲁棉1号)。 相似文献
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Yinqiu Zhang Peidong Tai Peijun Li Wan Liu Wei Yin Qing Zhao 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(7):1053-1064
The effect of two plant growth inhibitors maleic hydrazide (MH) and cyeloheximide (CHI) on cadmium (Cd) accumulation was investigated in Tagetes erecta L. The relative growth rate (RGR) as well as Cd content in shoots of Tagetes erecta L. was obviously decreased by the two inhibitors, indicating that there was close relationship between Cd accumulation in shoots and the plant growth. When the sulfur (S)-containing compound glutathione (GSH) was applied to the leaves of Tagetes erecta L. under the MH or CHI treatment, the decreased Cd content in shoots affected by MH was alleviated, but there was no effect of the GSH on Cd content in shoots under CHI treatment, suggesting that GSH has an counter-effect on Cd accumulation in shoots of Tagetes erecta L. under the MH treatment. All the results suggested that plant growth and S-containing compounds play an important role in Cd accumulation in Tagetes erecta L. 相似文献
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γ射线辐射水仙花鳞茎对植株生长与开花的影响 总被引:2,自引:5,他引:2
本文研究了在水仙鳞茎水培期间60Co辐射对植株生长和开花的影响。结果表明20~60Gy的辐射能显著降低水仙花鲜重净增量,抑制根、叶伸长生长,损伤叶片维管束细胞,但对根粗度、叶片宽度及叶片厚度影响甚小,20Gy和40Gy辐射能延长水仙花单花寿命,延迟始花期,提高叶片叶绿素含量,适用于水仙鳞茎的商业化处理。 相似文献
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锌铬复合污染对水稻不同生育期土壤酶活性的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过盆栽试验,研究了锌铬复合污染对水稻(Oryza sativaL.)不同生育期土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明,锌铬复合污染对水稻生长有抑制作用,随土壤中锌铬浓度的增加,不同生育期水稻生物量均呈下降的趋势,而根冠比呈一定的升高趋势,差异极显著(P<0.01)。在锌铬污染下,土壤过氧化氢酶活性随土壤中锌铬浓度增大而降低。与对照相比,在水稻分蘖期、孕穗期及灌浆结实期土壤过氧化氢酶活性的最小值分别降低了34.17%、23.02%和4.89%;除在灌浆结实期锌与铬浓度互作间的差异不显著外,其他生育期的锌浓度间、铬浓度间及锌与铬浓度互作间的差异均极显著(P<0.01)。在水稻分蘖期,土壤脲酶活性、转化酶活性随土壤锌铬浓度的增加而降低,但在孕穗期及灌浆结实期则升高,其差异均极显著(P<0.01)。线性回归及偏相关分析表明,在水稻不同生育期,土壤过氧化氢酶活性与土壤中锌、铬浓度均有极显著的线性回归关系,并呈显著或极显著负相关关系,这说明锌铬复合污染对土壤过氧化氢酶活性可能产生协同或加和的抑制效应。土壤脲酶活性在水稻灌浆结实期与土壤中锌浓度有极显著的线性回归关系,偏相关系数为0.7253**;土壤转化酶活性在水稻分蘖期、灌浆结实期与土壤中铬浓度均有极显著的线性回归关系,偏相关系数分别为-0.7426**、0.8056**,这说明锌铬复合污染对土壤脲酶活性及转化酶活性未产生复合效应。 相似文献
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Eduardo M. Kawakami Derrick M. Oosterhuis John L. Snider 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10):1615-1639
The objective of this growth chamber study was to evaluate the effect of adding N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and dicyandiaminde (DCD) to urea fertilizer, on the physiology and growth of cotton (Gossypiumhirsutum L.) under normal and high temperatures. Treatments consisted of two day temperature regimes, 30°C and 38°C, and five nitrogen fertilization applications: unfertilized control, 125 kg ha?1 of urea, 93 kg ha?1 of urea, 93 kg ha?1 urea + NBPT, and 93 kg ha?1 urea + NBPT + DCD. The addition of NBPT to urea fertilizer had positive effects on leaf chlorophyll, leaf area, dry matter, nitrogen (N) uptake, and N use efficiency. The absence of a significant interaction effect indicated that N fertilization was not influenced by temperature. Deficiency of N significantly decreased leaf chlorophyll, increased glutathione reductase, decreased protein and increased leaf nitrate reductase. Physiological changes under high temperature included increased plant N uptake, glutamine synthetase, leaf chlorophyll, protein content, plant height and leaf area were due to high N uptake and utilization. 相似文献
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Jose Álvaro Rodríguez Cristancho Mohamed Musa Hanafi Syed Rastan Syed Omar Yusop Mohd Rafii Fernando Munévar Martínez Carlos Enrique Castilla Campos 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(3):387-401
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is an important factor in limiting crop production. The present study examined the Al alleviation effects on the growth of hybrid (breeding) and clonal (tissue culture) of D × P oil palm seedlings. The experiment was performed using calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and ground magnesium limestone (GML) and magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) as soil-amendments at different rates in Colombia and Malaysia, respectively. The effects of the treatments were evaluated monthly on vegetative variables and visual symptoms. Chlorophyll concentrations were recorded in Malaysia at the fifth month growing stage. The different amendments improved the soil fertility and it was reflected on better performance of shoot and root growth. The chlorophyll content in the frond number 3 for both materials enhanced significantly when Al saturation was low (0–30%). The results from the experiment revealed the importance of neutralization of Al in reducing its toxicity in oil palm. 相似文献
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吕志仁 《广西农业生物科学》1994,(4)
于1993年早造分别在水稻秧苗期、分蘖期(孕穗期、齐穗期及灌浆期以0(对照),100,200,300mg/L广增素802喷施叶面,研究广增素802对水稻生长的影响。结果表明:300mg/L浓度的广增素802能增加水稻秧苗的叶绿素含量,降低ATP酶的活性,增加秧苗的总根数、新根数和干物质重量,有利于培育壮秧。200mg/L和300mg/L浓度的广增素802能增加水稻产量,增产幅度为5.67%~7.86%,提高了水稻的有效穗数、每穗实粒数、结实率和千粒重。 相似文献
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两年来的丰产经验总结工作[1,2]指出,丰产的形成必然是水稻植株器官协调生长的结果,即在一定的生物学产量的基础上,利用农业栽培技术,使苗、株、穗、粒等器官能协调的生长,而且有适时地物质推移,也即既有一定的穗数,又能促使每穗粒数和粒重的增加以达到较高的经济产量。因而,水稻协调生长是人为要求下高产形成的基础;它的产生与土壤营养元素的供应状况有着密切的联系。但是,任何一种士壤,无论是肥土或瘦土总是不能完全与植株良好的生长发育要求相适应。 相似文献
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