5个家兔群体FGF5基因的遗传多样性分析

设计5对特异性引物,采用PCR-RFLP法及PCR-SSCP法对5个家兔群体FGF5基因CDS序列进行分析。结果显示:FGF5-1A发现了2个等位基因、3种基因型,在该引物285~287位点存在TCT缺失;FGF5-3B发现了2个等位基因、2种基因型,在该引物58位点处存在T→C突变。所有的群体均处于哈代-温伯格平衡,且在所选的5个家兔群体的FGF5-1A中,A1等位基因均为优势等位基因,獭兔群体表现为中度多态,肉兔群体表现为低度多态,毛兔未检测到多态。皖系长毛兔与其他家兔群体之间分布均差异极显著(P<0.01),九疑山兔与海狸色獭兔之间分布差异显著(P<0.05)。该研究为FGF5基因是否能作为家兔毛质性状选育工作的分子标记提供了一定参考。     

产enterocin E5细菌素粪肠球菌发酵条件的优化

采用琼脂扩散法测定粪肠球菌发酵上清液对大肠埃希菌K88的抑菌活性,从而确定产enterocin E5细菌素粪肠球菌的发酵条件。结果表明,粪肠球菌E5产细菌素的发酵培养基为MRS培养基,最适温度为37℃,最适起始pH值6.5,最佳接种量2%,种龄14 h,发酵时间16 h,最佳培养基组分氮源为1%胰蛋白胨、0.5%酵母浸粉,最佳碳源为1%葡萄糖、0.5%蔗糖,0.1%Tween-80有利于enterocin E5的产生。这是分离自北京优良商品猪黑六产enterocin E5粪肠球菌的首次报道。     

鸭源H5N5和H5N1亚型禽流感病毒BALB/c鼠感染试验

比较鸭源H5N5亚型禽流感病毒(A/Duck/Changchun/01/2010)和鸭源H5N1亚型禽流感病毒(A/Duck/Liaoning/N/2011)对BALB/c鼠的致病性。以106EID50/50μL剂量鼻腔感染6周龄BALB/c鼠,攻毒后3,5,7,10,14 d取小鼠的肺、脑和肝脏,处理后接种10日龄SPF鸡胚做病毒回收试验,取死亡鸡胚的尿囊液进行RT-PCR检测;分别取接种病毒后5 d小鼠的脑、肝脏、肺脏、脾脏、肾脏进行病理组织学检测。结果显示,小鼠接种H5N5和H5N1亚型禽流感病毒后,均无明显的临床症状,肝脏中分别于接种后3,5 d分离到病毒,肺脏中于接种后5 d分离到病毒,脾脏、肾脏和粪便中均未分离到病毒。病理组织学检测发现,病毒对小鼠的脏器组织产生了不同程度的病理损伤,以肺脏、脑和肝脏较为明显,且H5N1亚型禽流感病毒引起小鼠脑和肝脏的病理损伤比H5N5亚型更严重。这表明2株鸭源禽流感病毒对小鼠均有一定的致病性,且H5N1亚型强于H5N5亚型。     

问题征答

申诉指当事人及其法定代理人、近亲属对已经发生法律效力的判决、裁定不服,向人民法院或者人民检察院提出重新审查处理案件的一种诉讼请求.     

高渗诱导因子NFAT5

NFAT5是Rel蛋白家族中目前最后一个被发现的成员,也是转录因子NFAT家族中惟一在哺乳动物细胞中调控由渗透压诱导的基因表达的成员.它以二聚体的形式与DNA形成蝶状复合体结构,通过磷酸化被激活,并受多种激酶的调控,对于维持高渗条件下细胞内的渗透压平衡具有极为重要的作用.论文就NFAT5的结构、功能以及调控机制等进行综述.     

N-羟乙酰神经氨酸研究进展

N-羟乙酰神经氨酸(Neu5Gc)是人类和鸡某些癌症疾病中的一种特异性标志物,主要作为Hanganutziu-Deicher抗原存在.人和鸡的正常细胞中不含有Neu5Gc,它在细胞间识别、黏附、炎症反应和肿瘤细胞转移中起重要作用.论文从Neu5Gc的生物合成、分布、细胞信号转导、免疫学特性和病理学意义等诸多方面多Neu5Gc进行综述,对Neu5Gc的全面认识将为预防肝癌、结肠癌等肿瘤疾病和一些病毒性传染病开辟一条新的诊断和防治途径.     

Intralesional 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) for the treatment of eyelid squamous cell carcinoma in 5 horses

Eyelid squamous cell carcinoma in equine patients often presents a therapeutic challenge to practitioners due to the generally large area affected upon presentation. Surgical excision can be curative if wide enough margins are achieved, but this is not often attainable without enucleation. Other alternatives have been examined including cryotherapy, radiotherapy, brachytherapy, intralesional chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. Intralesional chemotherapy using cisplatin, mitomycin‐C and bleomycin have been shown to be successful in treating eyelid squamous cell carcinomas but may be prohibitive to some owners due to the cost of therapy. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case series to illustrate the effectiveness of intralesional 5‐fluoruracil in treating large equine eyelid squamous cell carcinomas. Macroscopic reduction in the size of the affected areas was noted in each case together with regression of clinical signs associated with the mass. This, coupled with the relative inexpensive nature of the procedure, makes this technique an attractive therapy for either primary treatment of eyelid squamous cell carcinoma or as a cytoreductive technique prior to surgical excision.     

Inoculation of lambs with ovine adenovirus 5 (Mastadenovirus ovi 5) strain RTS-42

Twelve 1-week-old colostrum-deprived lambs inoculated with the RTS-42 strain of Mastadenovirus ovi 5 were killed and necropsied (2 lambs/day) on postinoculation days (PID) 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 21. Four noninoculated lambs were killed and necropsied (2/day) on PID 6 and 12. Virus was isolated from nasal secretions and feces on PID 1 to PID 6, from tracheal fluids and lung tissue of lambs necropsied on PID 2, 4, and 6, and from lung tissue from 1 lamb necropsied on PID 8. Virus was not recovered from liver, kidney, or small intestine of inoculated lambs or samples from noninoculated lambs. Serum antibody was first detected on PID 6 in the inoculated lambs. Noninoculated lambs remained seronegative. None of the lambs in the study developed clinical signs of infection although lesions were produced in the respiratory tract.     

C5a/C5aR信号在微小隐孢子虫感染中的免疫调节作用研究

旨在探究C5a/C5aR信号在微小隐孢子虫感染过程中对宿主CD4⁺ T细胞免疫反应的调控作用。本研究以微小隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidium parvum）为研究对象,以BALB/c乳鼠和C5aR抑制BALB/c乳鼠为感染模型,应用实时荧光定量PCR和免疫组织化学技术检测了C.parvum感染前后乳鼠回肠组织中C5aR的表达变化,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测了隐孢子虫HSP70基因和CD4⁺ T细胞亚群（Th1、Th2、Th17细胞和Treg细胞）主效应细胞因子（IFN-γ、IL-4、IL-17和TGF-β）的转录变化,并通过病理组织切片观察乳鼠回肠黏膜的损伤情况。结果显示：与对照组乳鼠相比,C.parvum感染可以引起乳鼠回肠组织中C5aR的mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著上调（P<0.05）,以及IFN-γ表达水平显著上调（P<0.05）;与C.parvum感染组乳鼠相比,C5aR抑制剂处理可引起C.parvum感染乳鼠回肠组织中Th1细胞、Th2细胞和Treg细胞的主效应细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-4和TGF-β显著下调表达（P<0.05）,以及Th17细胞主效应细胞因子IL-17显著上调表达（P<0.05）。病理学观察发现,抑制C5aR能显著改善C.parvum感染引起的乳鼠回肠组织的绒毛直径和黏膜厚度变化（P<0.05）,但不能改善绒毛长度、绒毛长度与隐窝深度比值。隐孢子虫HSP70基因的mRNA水平检测发现,抑制C5aR能显著影响C.parvum在回肠组织中的增殖（P<0.05）。C5a/C5aR信号可能通过动态调节CD4⁺ T细胞亚群主效应细胞因子的表达来参与宿主与隐孢子虫相互作用的过程,为深入理解隐孢子虫与宿主的互作机制提供了参考。     

H5亚型禽流感DNA疫苗质粒pCAGGoptiHA5对商品蛋鸡的免疫保护效果

将密码子及表达载体优化的H5亚型禽流感DNA疫苗质粒pCAGGoptiHA5以50μg和10μg剂量单次或加强免疫5周龄海兰褐蛋鸡。单次免疫后3周及加强免疫后2周,用100LD50高致病力禽流感病毒A/Goose/GuangDong/1/96(H5N1)[Gs/GD/1/96(H5N1)]鼻腔途径进行攻击,观察发病与死亡情况,并分别于攻毒后3、5、7d采集喉头及泄殖腔拭子进行病毒分离、滴定检测排毒情况,同时检测免疫后、攻毒前及攻毒后血清HI抗体、AGP抗体的动态变化。结果表明,pCAGGoptiHA5以10μg加强免疫后,可以诱导商品蛋鸡产生较高水平的HI抗体,并可保护免疫蛋鸡不发生高致病性禽流感病毒攻击后的死亡。     

Molecular characteristics of canine parainfluenza viruses type 5 (CPIV-5) isolated in Korea

Three canine parainfluenza viruses type 5 (CPIV-5) were isolated from lung tissues of 3 Korean dogs with mild pneumonia between 2008 and 2009. The isolates were fully sequenced and compared with published reference sequences. The size of the genome was 15 246 nucleotides long and no remarkable differences were found when compared with previously published reference sequences. In phylogenetic analysis based on the F and P genes, parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV-5) strains were divided into at least 3 subgroups. Three CPIV-5 strains were clustered with CPIV-5 T1, H22 and 78524 strains. All PIV-5 strains were independent of the host species, geographical distribution, and the isolated period.