Irrigated Sweet Corn Crop Production Functions and Efficient Water Use1

The yield of sweet corn (Zea mays L.) and seasonal evapotranspiration as affected by different amounts of irrigation water was studied in a field plot experiment during 1991 and 1992 in the Jordan Valley. Four different amounts of irrigation water were imposed with trickle irrigation on a clay soil. The different sweet corn components differed in their response to seasonal evapotranspiration. Sweet corn yields of total fresh and total oven dry matter at W3 (W3 = E_o) and W4 (W4 =1.5 EJ were significantly higher than yields at lesser water amounts (W1 = 0.25 E_o and W2 = 0.5 EJ, while good husked fresh ear yield at W4 was significantly higher than yield at W1, W2, and W3. Seasonal evapotranspiration increased in a decreasing rate as total water applied increased. Increasing total water applied more than 400 mm resulted in a negligible increase in sweet corn seasonal evapotranspiration. Crop productivity and water use index (defined as the change in crop yield per unit change in seasonal evapotranspiration) were the highest, when optimal water levels were used.     

Tomato Production and Soil Salt Distribution under Line-Source Trickle Irrigation1

Yield of red cherry tomatoes and soil salt distribution as affected by different amounts and salinities of irrigation water was studied in a field plot experiment during the summer of 1988 at Utah State University. Four different amounts of fresh water and two amounts of saline water were imposed with line source trickle irrigation on a sandy loam soil in lysimeters. Tomato yield and seasonal evapotranspiration increased in a linear fashion with increasing irrigation water. Tomato yields with fresh water (EC = 0.33 dS/m) were significantly higher than with saline (EC = 4.0 dS/m) water. There were no significant differences in seasonal evapotranspiration between the two salinity levels with two levels of deficit irrigation. Soil water depletion and availability decreased as the soil water salinity increased. Soil water salinities increased with both vertical and horizontal distance from trickle lines and reached a maximum at the bottom of the wetted area and between trickle lines.     

干旱胁迫对土壤水分动态及玉米水分利用效率影响研究

为研究干旱胁迫效应下土壤的水分动态及玉米水分利用效率,设置干旱胁迫处理和正常灌水处理2种模式,比较不同处理下土壤的水分特征、耗水规律和水分利用效率。结果表明：作物进入拔节期以后,干旱胁迫效应明显,土壤水分开始显著低于正常灌水处理;灌溉后的作物耗水量显著高于干旱胁迫处理,灌溉是影响研究区域玉米生长水分条件的主要因素,玉米进入生殖生长阶段后灌水较不灌水处理的日耗水量增长幅度达到了1.4~7.0倍;干旱胁迫对玉米产量造成严重影响,产量下降54.6%,但是水分利用效率较正常灌水处理高27.3%。     

膜下滴灌水氮对棉花根系构型的影响

 通过分层挖掘法,研究了膜下滴灌棉花根系构型对水氮的响应。结果表明：灌水量增加,根干重增加,根长、根表面积降低。表土层根干重、根长下降,深土层增加,各土层根表面积下降。高氮对根系具有明显的抑制作用,各土层根干重、根长、根表面积下降。水氮交互对根干重、平均根长、亚表土层根干重、表土层和深土层根长、根表面积影响明显。灌水300 mm,根干重及根干重在亚土层中的分布以276kg·hm^-2最高。施氮对平均根长密度的影响差异不明显。低氮和高氮促进深土层根长、根表面积增加。灌水600 mm,深土层根长以276kg·hm^-2最高,各土层根表面积随供氮水平的增加下降。水分是影响皮棉产量的主要因子,水分胁迫降低了氮肥的增产效应,氮肥促进了灌水的增产效果,但过多的氮肥供应降低增产效果。     

不同咸水利用方式对棉花叶绿素荧光参数及土壤盐分的影响

【目的】本研究旨在科学合理地利用浅层咸水资源。【方法】依托短期定位试验开展了在第3年和第4年不同咸水利用方式下(CK:造墒和蕾期灌淡水;T1:造墒和蕾期灌咸淡混配矿化度3 g·L^-1的微咸水;T2:淡水造墒蕾期灌矿化度5 g·L^-1咸水;T3:造墒和蕾期灌矿化度5 g·L^-1咸水;T4:淡水造墒蕾期不灌水)棉花长势、叶绿素荧光参数、土壤盐分累积及其运移的变化。【结果】T1和T2处理的齐苗率、株高、干物质质量、叶面积指数、叶绿素荧光参数、产量及霜前花率与CK无显著差异,土壤盐分含量较CK有所增加,但未对棉花生长产生明显抑制。T3处理的棉花长势指标、叶绿素荧光参数较CK显著降低,0~100 cm土壤盐分含量较CK明显增加。【结论】从土壤质量安全和咸水高效利用的角度考虑,连续4年用3 g·L^-1的咸淡混合水灌溉或用淡水与5 g·L^-1的咸水轮灌不仅能节约淡水,且不影响棉花产量。本研究结果为当地在棉花生产中安全利用咸水提供技术参考。     

Optimized single irrigation can achieve high corn yield and water use efficiency in the Corn Belt of Northeast China

Decreasing the corn (Zea mays L.) gap between the potential yield and farm yield and reducing the risk of grain yield of drought are very important for corn production in the Corn Belt of Northeast China (CBNC). To achieve a high and stable corn yield, the effects of supplementary irrigation on yield, water use efficiency (WUE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) were studied using a modelling approach. The Root Zone Water Quality Model 2 was parameterized and evaluated using two years of experimental data in aeolian sandy soil and black soil. The evaluated model was then used to investigate responses to various irrigation strategies (rainfed, full irrigation and 12 single irrigation scenarios) using long-term weather data from 1980 to 2012. Full irrigation guarantees a high and stable corn grain yield (12.92 Mg ha⁻¹ and has a coefficient of variation (CV) of 14.8% in aeolian sandy soil; 12.30 kg Ma⁻¹ and CV of 11.1% in black soil), but has a low water use efficiency (19.92 and 21.81 kg ha⁻¹ mm⁻¹) and a low irrigation water use efficiency (10.01 and 11.03 kg ha⁻¹ mm⁻¹). A single irrigation can increase corn yields by 3–35% for aeolian sandy soil and 5–35% for black soil over different irrigation dates compared with no irrigation. The most suitable single irrigation date was during late June to early July for aeolian sandy soil (yield = 10.73 Mg ha⁻¹ and WUE = 27.94 kg ha⁻¹ mm⁻¹) and early to mid-July for black soil (yield = 11.20 Mg ha⁻¹ and WUE = 27.70 kg ha⁻¹ mm⁻¹). The lowest yield risk of falling short of the yield goal of 8, 9, and 10 Mg ha⁻¹ were 9.1%, 18.2%, and 33.33% in aeolian sandy soil and 3.0%, 15.25, and 21.2% in black soil when an optimized single irrigation was applied in late June or early July, respectively. Therefore, an optimized single irrigation should be applied in late June to early July with the irrigation amount to refill soil water storage of root zone to field capacity in CBNC.     

Cross-linked, Water-Storing Polymers as Aids to Drought Tolerance of Tomatoes in Growing Media

Synthetic polymers with high water-absorbing abilities and most of their stored moisture available to plants have been shown to benefit growth and production of tomato in drought-stressed, organic-based growing media and also coarse, sandy soils. Additions of polymers to organic and sand growing media had beneficial effects on shoot dry weight and fruit production. The quality of tomato yield was also improved by the application of polymer to the growing medium due to the reduced impact of water stress during the growing cycle. Cost-effective use of gel-forming polymers could be made within certain tomato production systems.     

Effects of corn deficit irrigation and soil properties on water use efficiency. A 25-year analysis of a Mediterranean environment using the STICS model

This study analyses the role of variability induced by climate and soil properties (texture and total available soil water in the root zone, TAW) on the “corn deficit irrigation–water use efficiency” relation over a 25-year period, between 1981 and 2005, in three different sites located in the South of Italy. The analysis of water use efficiency was carried out by means of three indexes: crops water use efficiency (WUE_ET and WUE_T) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). These indexes can be obtained by calculating the ratio between the yield and the seasonal values of evapotranspiration (ET), transpiration (T) and irrigation volume (I). After its validation, the STICS model was retained to simulate the variables required to determine these indexes.Climatic variability affected the three indexes in different ways during the 25-year period studied. The dispersion around the mean values of the water use efficiency is 17% on average for the WUE (ET or T) indexes, whereas it could reach 54% for the IWUE index. This last index is only poorly reliable due to the high variability of rainfall during the corn growing season in the Mediterranean region.For the same level of soil water deficit, TAW led to an improvement (the case of the site with a high TAW and loam–clay soil texture), a stabilisation (the case of the site with a high TAW and clay soil texture) or a decrease (the case of the site with a poor TAW and clay soil texture) in WUE_ET and WUE_T values. For the same conditions of soil water deficit and TAW, crops water use efficiency was higher in loam textured soil than in clay soil.The results derived by analyzing three indexes (WUE_ET, WUE_T and IWUE) converge to the same conclusions on the “corn deficit irrigation–water use efficiency” relation observed at the three different sites.The hypotheses which may explain the differences observed in the different sites studied in terms of water use efficiency are discussed, with the presentation of some suggestions devised for corn irrigation practices.     

The effect of different biochars on the growth and water use efficiency of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

In two identical pot trials, we investigated the effect of different biochars on the growth and water use efficiency (WUE) of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) grown with and without water stress. Plants were grown in pots with and without biochar. Rice husk (RH), standard rice husk (SRH), standard wheat straw (SWS) or standard oilseed rape straw (SOS) biochars were added at a rate of 2% by weight. Irrigation was reduced from 80% of field capacity to 40% in half of the pots to create water stress when 50% of the plants flowered. No significant interaction was observed between irrigation and biochar treatments. Water stress resulted in smaller plants (11.5%), fewer pods (16.1%) and reduced 100-seed weight (12.6%), seed yield (20.1%) and plant dry weight (55.0%). All standard biochars increased plant dry weight in a range of 18%−25% compared with the controls. There was no significant effect of biochar on the number of pods and seed weight. Only RH, SWS and SOS biochar increased the number of seeds pod⁻¹ by 9.0%−14.5% compared with the controls regardless of water stress. RH and SOS biochars increased seed yield by 16.7 and 21.6%, respectively. RH, SWS and SOS biochar increased the WUE by 17.3%, 10.1% and 16.2% regardless of water stress, respectively. Based on the experiment, we recommend farmers to add biochar whatever type they have available. However, RH and SOS seem to be better than the others are, as they seem to be able to increase seed yield and WUE considerably.     

Wirkungen meliorativer Gaben von Gesteinsmehlen und Gesteinssanden auf das Wachstum verschiedener landwirtschaftlicher Kulturpflanzen sowie auf physikalische Kennwerte eines Sandbodens und eines Tonbodens

Effect of amelioration doses of rock powder and rock sand on growth of agricultural plants and on physical characteristics of sandy and clay soil
The effect of rock powder to increase the water holding capacity and adsorption degree of sandy soil and the influence of rock sand to augment the aeration and improve the workability of clay soil were tested in pot experiments.
Additions of different rock powders (Basalt, Grauwacke, Kuselit, Muschelkalk and Porphyr) from 5 to 20 weight percent to sandy soil increased the field capacity; the increase in values ranged from 12 to 23% as compared to control. An 11% increase in coarse pore volume (< pF 1.8) of clay soil was noticed when 10 weight percent rock sand was mixed in it. The shear strength of clay soil was hardly decreased. In short time tests five different plants reacted mostly positive to rock powders in sandy soil, the degree of reaction being different depending on rock type and amount used whereas in clay soil the reaction was slightly negative. Ten percent weight additions were better than 20 percent.
Up to 67% increase in spring barley grain yield was registered in sandy soil with addition of 10 weight percent of different rock powders both at about 40 and 80% field capacity water levels. High N-application i.e., 1600 mg N/7 kg soil caused a depression in yield at control whereas it increased the dry matter yield in treated pots. In clay soil at 80% field capacity an increase in grain yield was registered only in Grauwacke and Basalt treatments, which was off set at high N-level. Porphyr and Kuselit treatments produced yield depressions.
Addition of 10 weight percent of rock powders in sandy soil in the first year of experiment reduced the amount of leachate and nitrate leached between 8 to 29% in fallow treatments, but in planted treatments these were dependant on plant type and rock type even showing an increase in one case.     

Influence of Soil Moisture on Growth, Water Use and Yield of Mustard

A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of soil moisture on growth, water use and yield of mustard ( Brassica juncea L. cv. Rai 5 ). Two soil moisture regimes were rainfed and irrigated at 10 days interval throughout the growing season. The total amount of water received as irrigation was 110 mm and as rainfall was 15 mm. Total dry matter per unit ground area, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were increased and leaf area ratio (LAR) and specific leaf area (SLA) were decreased by irrigation. Chlorophyll content and relative leaf water content (RLWC) were increased by irrigation, but proline content was greater in the rainfed crop at both the flowering and pod-filling stages. Time taken to first flowering, duration of flowering, number of seeds/pod and harvest index were unaffected by irrigation. Plant height at harvest, number of pods/plant, seed yield and oil content of seeds were increased and 1000-seed weight was decreased by irrigation. The consumptive use of water increased with an increase in water supply, but the water use efficiency (WUE) was decreased.     

不同灌水处理对盐渍土壤中玉米生长发育 及水盐热变化的影响

通过盐渍土壤盆栽玉米种植试验,对常规灌溉、固定灌溉、交替灌溉3种灌水方式下玉米的生长发育及水分、盐分、温度的变化情况进行了研究。结果表明:不同的灌溉处理对玉米生长发育及水分、盐分、温度变化的影响较大。株高和叶面积的长势是常规灌溉>交替灌溉>固定灌溉;生育期水分利用率和主根生长条数是交替灌溉>常规灌溉>固定灌溉,根冠比是交替灌溉>固定灌溉>常规灌溉;随着土层深度的增加温度呈减小的趋势,且对3种灌水方式都有A灌水水平的温度低于B灌水水平的温度;随着土层深度的增加体积含水率呈增大的趋势;由于蒸发和灌水交替进行,电导率在土层深度上呈现出多变的特点。     

Effects of Soil Treatment with Iron, Manganese and Zinc on Growth and Micronutrient Uptake of Sunflower Plants Grown in High-pH Soil

The purpose of this work was to study the effects of adding different concentrations of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) in irrigation water to high-pH sandy soil on the growth and micronutrient uptake of sunflower plants ( Helianthus annus L., cv. Giza 1). The experiment was carried out in Mitscherlish pots under greenhouse conditions. Low Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations were found to have a positive effect on the micronutrient contents of the plant organs. The number of leaves and the leaf area were increased by addition of Fe, Mn and Zn. Root size was increased by addition of Fe and Mn. Stem and root lengths were increased by Mn only. It could be concluded that continuous addition of Fe, Mn and Zn in irrigation water to high-pH sandy soil deficient in these nutrients, where root growth was contained within a limited volume (in pots), led to increases in growth and micronutrient uptake (Fe, Mn and Zn). Further studies are needed to determine whether similar effects will be found under field conditions.     

不同灌水方式对水稻生育特性及水分利用率的影响

以冈优527、D优363、汕优63为材料,设4个不同水分灌溉方式,研究了不同灌溉方式下水稻生育特性、产量和水分利用率。结果表明:与淹水灌溉相比,湿润灌溉(前期) 浅水灌溉(孕穗期) 干湿交替灌溉(抽穗-成熟期)的灌溉方式,可促进叶片和根系生长,剑叶叶绿素含量和净光合速率高,有利于干物质积累;植株生理活动旺盛;其有效穗、结实率、千粒重、产量和水分利用率均高于淹水灌溉。湿润灌溉有利于根系生长,延缓根系和叶的衰老;产量和水分利用率比淹水灌溉略高。旱种抑制水稻根系生长和地上部干物质积累,产量和水分利用率比淹水灌溉显著降低。因此,湿润灌溉(前期) 浅水灌溉(孕穗期) 干湿交替灌溉(抽穗-成熟期)的灌溉方式更有利于稻株生长发育、产量和水分利用率的提高。冈优527、D优363的水分利用率显著高于汕优63。     

Drip Irrigation Frequency: The Effects and Their Interaction with Nitrogen Fertilization on Sandy Soil Water Distribution, Maize Yield and Water Use Efficiency Under Egyptian Conditions

Irrigation frequency is one of the most important factors in drip irrigation scheduling that affects the soil water regime, the water and fertilization use efficiency and the crop yield, although the same quantity of water is applied. Therefore, field experiments were conducted for 2 years in the summer season of 2005 and 2006 on sandy soils to investigate the effects of irrigation frequency and their interaction with nitrogen fertilization on water distribution, grain yield, yield components and water use efficiency (WUE) of two white grain maize hybrids (Zea mays L.). The experiment was conducted by using a randomized complete block split‐split plot design, with four irrigation frequencies (once every 2, 3, 4 and 5 days), two nitrogen levels (190 and 380 kg N ha^?1), and two maize hybrids (three‐way cross 310 and single cross 10) as the main‐plot, split‐plot, and split‐split plot treatments respectively. The results indicate that drip irrigation frequency did affect soil water content and retained soil water, depending on soil depth. Grain yield with the application of 190 kg N ha^?1 was not statistically different from that at 380 kg N ha^?1 at the irrigation frequency once every 5 days. However, the application of 190 kg N ha^?1 resulted in a significant yield reduction of 25 %, 18 % and 9 % in 2005 and 20 %, 13 % and 6 % in 2006 compared with 380 kg N ha^?1 at the irrigation frequencies once every 2, 3 and 4 days respectively. The response function between yield components and irrigation frequency treatments was quadratic in both growing seasons except for 100‐grain weight, where the function was linear. WUE increased with increasing irrigation frequency and nitrogen levels, and reached the maximum values at once every 2 and 3 days and at 380 kg N ha^?1. In order to improve the WUE and grain yield for drip‐irrigated maize in sandy soils, it is recommended that irrigation frequency should be once every 2 or 3 days at the investigated nitrogen levels of 380 kg N ha^?1 regardless of maize varieties. However, further optimization with a reduced nitrogen application rate should be aimed at and will have to be investigated.     

玉米带耕沟播不同灌水方式对水分利用效果及产量构成的影响

为了评价玉米带耕沟播模式下不同沟灌形式对水分利用效果和产量构成的影响。采用玉米带耕沟播的窄行沟灌(T2)、宽行沟灌(T3)、宽窄行共灌(T4)三种模式与生产常规大水漫灌(T1)模式进行了大田比较试验。结果表明,与大水漫灌相比,带耕沟播三个灌水方式增加了玉米有效穗数和穗粒数,提高了玉米百粒重,玉米产量提高了6.23%、7.08%和8.62%;T2,T3和T4水分利用效率分别提高了133.22%、78.67%和23.08%;灌溉水利用效率分别提高了112.69%、42.35%和11.81%;灌水周期天数缩短了62.55%、53.69%和27.15%。因此带耕沟播窄行沟灌是一种高效节水灌水模式。     

Canola genotypes differ in potassium efficiency during vegetative growth

There is no knowledge about the differential capacity of canola genotypes to take up potassium (K) and produce dry matter under conditions of low soil K availability. Hence, 84 canola genotypes were screened for K efficiency in the glasshouse. Plants were grown in sealed pots containing K-responsive, sandy soil without or with K added. Twelve genotypes were selected for advanced screening in the glasshouse in a different K-responsive soil. Genotypes with a mean K efficiency ratio (the ratio of shoot dry weight at deficient and adequate K supply) greater than one standard error above or below the median genotype value were classified as K-efficient or K-inefficient, respectively. There were significant differences between genotypes in the K efficiency ratio in both screening experiments, indicating that genotypes responded differently to K availability. In the initial screening experiment, 19 genotypes were rated as K-efficient and nine genotypes rated as K-inefficient based on the K efficiency ratio. In the advanced screening experiment with 12 genotypes, three genotypes were rated as K-efficient and two as K-inefficient. Genotypes Wesbarker and Rainbow were K-efficient and Genkai K-inefficient in both experiments. Correlation of the K efficiency ratio with (i) shoot K content in the initial and advanced screening and (ii) shoot K concentration in the advanced screening, indicates that the observed differences in K efficiency were due to genotypic differences in both the uptake and the utilization of K. K-efficient genotypes have a potential to improve canola yields on soils with low K availability.     

Drip Irrigation Frequency: The Effects and Their Interaction with Nitrogen Fertilization on Maize Growth and Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Arid Conditions

Differences in soil moisture and wetting pattern under different irrigation frequencies mean that vegetative growth and nitrogen use efficiency in maize can differ even when the same total amount of irrigated water is applied under different frequency regimes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of drip irrigation frequency and its interaction with nitrogen fertilization on vegetative growth and nitrogen use efficiency of a maize crop at different growth stages and on grain quality at maturity stage in a sandy soil. The experiment was conducted for 2 years (2005 and 2006) using a randomized complete block split–split plot design with four irrigation frequencies (once every 2, 3, 4 and 5 days), two nitrogen levels (190 and 380 kg N ha^?1) and two maize hybrids (three‐way cross 310 and single cross 10) as the main‐plot, split‐plot and split–split plot variables, respectively. Irrigation water, totalling 524 mm ha^?1, applied for each irrigation frequency was divided into 28, 21, 17 and 14 doses for the F2, F3, F4 and F5 treatments, respectively. Results indicated that vegetative growth, crop growth and nitrogen efficiency parameters at the 10‐leaf and tasseling growth stages increased with increasing drip irrigation frequency, whereas grain protein content decreased. Although the values of the vegetative growth and crop growth parameters increased with increasing nitrogen levels, significant decreases in nitrogen efficiency parameters were also observed indicating the need for further optimization with a reduced nitrogen application rate. Significant interaction effects between irrigation frequency and nitrogen levels were detected for all parameters measured. In most cases, the parameters were not significantly different between the two nitrogen levels at an irrigation frequency of once every 5 days, but did differ significantly at irrigation frequencies of once every 2, 3 or 4 days. The relationship between the nitrogen use efficiency parameters and retained available soil water content at the 10‐leaf and tasseling growth stages was best represented by a second order polynomial equation with an R² ranging from 0.73 to 0.98. Based on our findings, an irrigation frequency of once every 2 and 3 days is recommended to enhance growth and nitrogen use efficiency of drip‐irrigated maize in sandy soil in Egypt.     

生物可降解地膜对马铃薯生长及水分利用效率的影响

为研究旱作条件下生物降解地膜对马铃薯生长及水分利用效率的影响,以‘紫花白’作为试验材料,设置裸地(CK)、聚乙烯塑料地膜、生物可降解A膜、玉米秸秆、生物可降解B膜5种覆盖材料来研究生物可降解地膜对马铃薯耕层土壤温度、土壤含水量以及产量的影响。结果表明,与传统裸地(CK)相比,聚乙烯塑料地膜、生物可降解A膜、玉米秸秆、生物可降解B膜4种覆盖材料处理下耕层土壤(0~ 25 cm)日平均温度提高2.02、1.67、1.40、1.47℃;各覆盖材料均可提高土壤含水量,聚乙烯塑料地膜、生物可降解A膜、玉米秸秆、生物可降解B膜覆盖耕层土壤(0~25 cm)平均含水量提高3.12%、2.00%、1.92%、2.48%;各覆盖材料较对照马铃薯块茎产量增加6.25%、21.18%、17.07%、31.71%。试验结果表明,生物可降解地膜覆盖可以提高土层的温度、土壤含水率以及马铃薯产量,在不同覆盖方式中,生物可降解B膜覆盖效果最好。     

水分胁迫及复水对绿洲膜下滴灌辣椒动态生长、产量及水分利用的影响

为了研究水分胁迫对露天膜下滴灌辣椒生长、产量形成和水分利用效率的影响,在辣椒苗期和开花坐果期均分别施加轻度水分胁迫(65%~75%田间持水量)、中度水分胁迫(55%~65%田间持水量)和重度水分胁迫(45%~55%田间持水量),全生育期充分供水处理(75%~85%田间持水量)为对照,分别测定各水分处理辣椒不同生育期末生长指标(株高、茎粗、叶面积指数和单株干物质积累量)以及青果总产量和水分利用效率,并用三次曲线模拟了辣椒各生长指标在全生育期内的动态变化过程。结果表明:三次曲线能够较好地反映不同水分处理下辣椒各生长指标随时间的动态变化。苗期和开花坐果期一定程度水分胁迫能导致辣椒在水分胁迫时段株高、茎粗和叶面积指数显著(P0.05)小于CK组,后期复水后,由于辣椒产生补偿性生长,苗期轻度和中度水分胁迫处理以及开花坐果期轻度水分胁迫处理辣椒,各生长指标增长速率在一定时间内超过CK组,最终辣椒产量和单株结果数均与CK组之间无显著差异(P0.05),且辣椒平均单果重分别比CK组显著高18.48%,22.49%,14.14%。苗期和开花坐果期水分胁迫,均能提高辣椒根冠比和果实干物质分配指数并减少辣椒全生育期灌水量和耗水量,特别是苗期中度水分胁迫处理,在不显著降低产量的情况下,灌水量和耗水量分别比CK组显著低12.36%和11.51%,且水分利用效率、灌溉水利用效率均最高,分别比CK显著高8.61%和9.66%,因此,在苗期施加中度水分胁迫,后期充分灌水是实现绿洲辣椒节水、高产和高效栽培的一种较优灌溉方式。