鸡传染性支气管炎病毒HN株5a5b及N基因的遗传变异分析

从河南省某鸡场中疑似鸡传染性支气管炎(IB)的雏鸡病料中分离到1株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)，暂命名为HN，鉴定为IBV。从接种HN毒株的鸡胚尿囊液中提取单股RNA后应用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT—PCR)技术扩增得到包含IBV HN株5a、5b蛋白及N蛋白基因的约1600bp片段；将克隆测序的5a、5b及N基因分别与GenBank中11株国内外参考毒株相应基因进行序列比较与遗传变异分析，发现IBV HN株变异独特，明显不同于国内外参考毒株。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒山西地方分离株的血清学分析

应用病毒感染的鸡胚材料免疫兔的方法制备抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)单因子血清,然后在鸡胚上对山西分离的6个毒株和6个参考株进行交叉病毒中和试验。结果显示,这6株病毒与参考毒株不属于同种血清型,但分离株之间存在部分交叉免疫保护,证实了鸡传染性支气管炎病毒毒株在山西地区存在变异。     

一株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的鉴定及S1基因序列分析

将分离到的一株疑似鸡传染性支气管炎病毒接种SPF鸡胚增殖,通过致鸡胚矮小化试验、红细胞凝集试验、对新城疫病毒增殖干扰试验、动物回归试验及RT-PCR分子鉴定,结果证实该病毒为鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)。应用MEGA5分析软件,与Gen Bank上IBV常见疫苗株、流行毒株和部分参考株进行序列比对,其S1基因序列与近年来我国流行毒株同源性较高,为95%~99%,与传统疫苗株H120、H52、M41和W93同源性较低,仅为77%~79%。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒SH株的分离及鉴定

从黑龙江省绥化市某养鸡场疑似鸡传染性支气管炎的鸡群中采集病料,经鸡胚传代、电镜观察、生物学特性和分子生物学鉴定以及动物回归试验,表明该分离株具有明显的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒特征,具有鸡胚出现卷曲、出血、发育延迟等作用;对新城疫病毒有明显的干扰作用;动物回归试验导致未免疫鸡出现明显的感染症状,剖检可见明显的肾脏肿胀、尿酸盐沉积现象,同时可见呼吸道有出血现象。对该毒株的N基因进行扩增,并将其序列与NCBI的参考毒株的N基因进行序列对比,发现其与国内的分离株SC和N毒株的N基因具有较高的同源性,为97.6%;与国外参考毒株和国内的疫苗株同源性较低,为84.8%。表明分离的病毒为鸡传染性支气管炎病毒。     

通过鸡新城疫La Sota株的干扰作用鉴定传染性支气管炎病毒

传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)干扰鸡新城疫病毒(NDV)在鸡胚上的生长现象已被作为一种诊断传染性支气管炎的方法。用IBV—NDV干扰试验对十五株来自疑为传染性支气管炎鸡群的病毒进行分析:接种IBV10小时后再接种NDV La Sota毒株,后通过血凝(HA)试验测定,有八株能干扰La Sota在鸡胚上的生长。 IBV这种干扰作用具有特异性,因为它可被相应的IBV抗血清所抑制。此种方法证明干扰作用是敏感的。在一些IBV继代代数少的情况下、虽然IBV不引起鸡胚产生病变,但可干扰NDV的HA活性。此外,血清学反应IBV阴性的样品不能干扰NDV在鸡胚上的生长。从以上情况看,对于分离IBV野毒来说,IBV—NDV干扰试验显然是一种改进的诊断方法。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒M41株鸡胚增殖工艺研究

为研究鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)M41标准毒株在鸡胚上的最佳生产工艺,试验用IBV M41株分别以不同剂量接种同一胚龄不同鸡胚、不同胚龄普通鸡胚,以及IBV M41株接种普通鸡胚后不同培养时间收获鸡胚尿囊液,比较不同培养条件下制备病毒液的产量及病毒效价。结果显示:IBV M41株接种无传染性支气管炎病毒母源抗体的SPF鸡胚最佳病毒接种剂量为104.5EID50,接种含有IBV母源抗体的普通鸡胚最佳病毒接种剂量为105.1EID50,最佳接种胚龄为11日胚龄,最佳收毒时间为48 h。按照此工艺制备疫苗,免疫SPF鸡,IBV抗体效价均符合规程标准。研究结果为用鸡胚高效、大量生产IBV M41株病毒抗原进而生产合格的IB疫苗提供了数据支持。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒SC株S1基因的序列分析

用RT-PCR扩增了鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)SC株S1基因，连接到pMD 18-T载体上，克隆后进行了核酸序列分析，证实SC株S1基因与基因库中收录的国外毒株H120和M41的同源性较低，分别为81．1％和80．0％，而与国内JX9901株的同源性达到91．3％，初步证实国内存在IBV新毒株。     

传染性支气管炎病毒分离株的生物学特性鉴定及其遗传变异分析

通过鸡胚矮小试验、鸡胚气管环组织培养试验、干扰新城疫病毒复制试验和动物回归试验,将2006-2007年在江苏省分离的7株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）鉴定为嗜肾型毒株。采用RT-PCR扩增IBV分离株的S1基因,并进行克隆和序列分析。结果显示7个IBV分离株S1基因的核苷酸同源性为94．6％-99．4％,处于同一个群,分别属于3个亚群。这些毒株与大多数国内近年分离株的同源性较高,而与Massachusetts、T、4／91和793B血清型毒株（包括H120和H52疫苗毒株）的同源性较低。IBV流行毒株和疫苗毒株的差异是造成免疫鸡群发生传染性支气管炎的重要原因。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒分离鉴定及S1基因遗传演化分析

为调查辽宁地区鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)的流行及遗传演化情况,从辽宁某鸡场疑似鸡传染性支气管炎病料中分离得到1株病毒,经分子生物学检测、鸡胚矮小化试验、新城疫病毒血凝特性干扰试验和动物回归试验,确定该毒株为IBV,并命名为CH/LN/2019。扩增该毒株S1基因并进行序列分析发现,分离株S1基因全长1 620 nt,编码540个氨基酸,S1蛋白裂解位点为HRRRR,属于基因Ⅰ型(QX型)毒株;同源性比对发现,分离株与基因Ⅰ型代表毒株QXIBV株的核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性最高,分别为95.6%和94.8%;与国内常规型疫苗H52、H120和Ma5毒株的同源性较低,核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性仅为77.2%~76.9%和75.4%~76.2%。本试验为辽宁地区鸡传染性支气管炎的流行病学调查及免疫防控提供了参考。     

新疆1株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的分离鉴定及S1基因序列分析

为了解乌鲁木齐市鸡传染性支气管炎(IB)的流行特征，本研究利用鸡胚培养、RT-PCR、新城疫病毒(NDV)干扰及鸡胚半数感染量(EID₅₀)测定等多种方法分离到一株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV),将其命名为IBV/CK/CH(XJ)/01/2020。对其S1基因进行序列测定及比对分析发现，该分离株在鸡胚上连传5代出现侏儒胚现象，并且可以抑制NDV在鸡胚中的增殖，经计算其EID₅₀为10^-4.58/0.1 mL,为中等毒力毒株，攻毒组与正常组比较，雏鸡气管内有大量黏液且肺脏肿大，表现为呼吸型毒株特征，且其S蛋白裂解位点序列为HRRKR,与TC07-2、GX-NN0903等毒株形成一个独立的发育进化群，均属于TC07-2/GVI-1型IBV;与国内常用的H120、H52、M41等疫苗株的同源性仅为59%～65%。本研究为新疆地区IB的流行病学提供参考，也为当地IB的防控提供了理论依据。     

Isolation and identification of four infectious bronchitis virus strains in China and analyses of their S1 glycoprotein gene

Between 2003 and 2005, four strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) were isolated from the vaccinated chicken flocks in China. The results from chicken embryo cross-neutralization assays showed that all the four isolates were relative to strain A2 of IBV, which was isolated in 1996 in Beijing and related to strain 4/91. The S1 gene of the spike protein was amplified and sequenced. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence of the S1 gene had a similar degree of identity (88.98-99.28%) among the four Chinese IBV isolates. The identity of the S1 protein gene between the four Chinese IBV isolates and 14 strains of other IBVs varied from 70.06 to 81.59%. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that there are at least four groups of IBVs circulating in China and the disease outbreaks might have been caused by infection of multiple strains of IBV.     

Study of protection by recombinant fowl poxvirus expressing C-terminal nucleocapsid protein of infectious bronchitis virus against challenge.

A stable recombinant fowl poxvirus (rFPV) expressing the C-terminal region (119 amino acids) of the nucleocapsid (N) protein of an infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strain Ch3 was constructed by inserting the coding sequence within the thymidine kinase gene of fowl poxvirus (FPV) by homologous recombination. The N protein was expressed under control of the vaccinia virus promoter P7.5 in chicken embryo fibroblast cell cultures as seen in immunofluorescence assay and in rFPV-inoculated specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens by detecting antibodies with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A homologous IBV strain (Ch3) and two heterologous IBV strains (Ch5 and H4) were used to inoculate SPF chickens in a challenge to examine the protective efficacy of the rFPV. When the chickens were challenged with IBV Ch3 or Ch5, the control birds had respiratory signs of infections bronchitis, whereas all the vaccinated birds were clinically normal although low levels of the IBV infection were detected by a differential ELISA. In contrast, in the chickens challenged with IBV H4, all control birds and vaccinated birds suffered from the highly lethal IBV H4 infection. Our results suggest that the C-terminal 119 amino acid of the nucleocapsid expressed by FPV is a host-protective antigen and may induce cross-protective immunity against illness among some IBV strains.     

鸡肾型IBV的分离及其N基因的克隆与测序

通过病毒形态学观察、血凝试验、病毒干扰实验、动物回归实验等分离鉴定了1株鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒.利用RT-PCR技术对分离毒株的N基因进行了扩增,经克隆、序列测定和分析,证实分离株为肾型IBV.     

2006年至2010年山东省鸡传染性支气管炎病毒分子变异的研究

为研究山东省鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)的遗传变异规律,本研究2006年～2010年从山东省发病的商品鸡中分离鉴定了17株IBV,并对其S1基因、N基因和M基因分别进行RT-PCR扩增、测序及遗传进化分析.序列分析结果表明:与疫苗株H120相比,17个分离株S1蛋白的变异程度较大,存在广泛的基因突变和氨基酸替代,多数病毒株还存在氨基酸的插入;N蛋白无碱基的缺失和插入,仅存在核苷酸的突变和氨基酸的替代;M蛋白除病毒株CK/CH/SD09/005插入3个碱基外,其它16个分离株仅存在少数的碱基突变和氨基酸替代.S1基因、N基因和M基因的系统进化分析结果表明多数分离株的3个基因在进化上相对平行,与国内分离株LX4同属一个进化分支,同源性较高;分离株SDYT0605的3个基因与疫苗株H120同源性较高,可能是免疫压力下变异的疫苗株;分离株SDTA06111、SDWF0608和CK/CH/SD09/005的S1基因、N基因和M基因分属于不同的进化分支,可能发生了基因重组.本研究结果显示基因突变、插入和不同基因之间的重组是免疫压力下IBV变异的主要方式.     

Induction of chicken interferon by avian infectious bronchitis virus.

The ability of nine strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) to induce chicken interferon has been investigated using Semliki Forest virus for the tests. The Beaudette, H120 and Connecticut 46 strains induced interferon in the allantoic fluids of embryonated hens' eggs, the highest titre (1 : 30) being associated with Beaudette; but these as well as the Massachusetts M-41 and H52 strains failed to yield interferon in primary monolayer cultures of chick kidney cells as did all nine strains in organ cultures of chick embryo trachea. None of six strains of IBV investigated was susceptible to the inhibitory effects of chicken interferon.     

Phylogenetic analysis of S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from China

Between 2006 and 2009, seven strains of infectious bronchitis (IB) virus (IBV) were isolated from vaccinated chicken flocks on different chicken farms in China. The pathogenic characters of seven IBV strains were assessed. Each of the seven strains was infective to the test chickens and could induce an immune response. The results from chicken embryo cross-neutralization assays showed that these strains were antigenically distinct from classic IBV strains of H120, M41, Conn, and Gray. Compared to H120 vaccine strain, point mutation, short insertion, and deletion occurred at many positions in the S1 protein of the seven strains. Five of the seven strains had the motif (HRRRR), which was identical to that of the epidemic IBV strains in China. Two new motifs (HRLRR and RRIRR) emerged in the isolated strains. The homology of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the S1 gene among the seven isolates was 81.7%-99.7% and 79.0%-99.4%, respectively. These seven strains were also genetically different from the vaccine strains and non-China IBV strains but closely related to large numbers of Chinese strains. The seven isolates and 36 reference IBV strains were clustered into six distinct groups (I-VI). The seven strains were categorized into groups I, II, and III, forming a big phylogenetic branch, which is closely related to Chinese IBVs, whereas the vaccine strains belonging to group VI are genetically distant from groups I, II, and III. The results from this study indicate that different IBV strains cocirculate in the chicken population in China.     

Identification of a novel avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus variant with three-nucleotide-deletion in nucleocapsid gene in China

A novel avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) variant, designated as GX-NN160421, was isolated from vaccinated chicken in Guangxi, China, in 2016. Based on analysis of the S1 gene sequence, GX-NN160421 belonged to the New-type 1 (GVI-1) strain. More importantly, three consecutive nucleotides (AAC) deletions were found in the highly conserved structure gene N. The serotype of GX-NN160421 was different from those of the commonly used vaccine strains. The mortality of the GX-NN160421 strain was 3.33%, which contrasted with 50% mortality in the clinical case, but high levels of virus shedding lasted at least 21 days. In conclusion, the first novel IBV variant with three-nucleotide-deletion in the N gene was identified, and this unique variant is low virulent but with a long time of virus shedding, indicating the continuing evolution of IBV and emphasizing the importance of limiting exposure to novel IBV strains as well as extensive monitoring of new IBVs.