Electrically conductive and hydrophobic cotton fabrics by polypyrrole-oleic acid coating

Hydrophobic polypyrrole-coated fabrics with improved electrical conductivity were produced embedding oleic acid as counter-ion. Hydrophobisation of polypyrrole was carried out by means of an ion exchange process after deposition of polypyrrole on cotton fabrics. The fabrics coated with oleic acid-doped polypyrrole showed contact angle of 111°, drop absorption time of 7 minutes and high water repellence, while electrical conductivity increased of ～2 times and heat generation improved, too. Moreover, oleic acid demonstrated a great stability as counter-ion in polypyrrole matrix being present also after washing.     

高巧包衣种对棉苗素质的影响效果

深圳创世纪公司与美国拜尔公司合作,在江西彭泽开展了高巧（600g／L悬浮种衣剂）对棉花蚜虫和苗期病虫害的防治效果、安全性和逆境屏蔽作用及促进棉花苗齐、苗壮、根系发达的效果试验,探讨该种衣剂抑制棉花枯萎病、棉蚜发生的科学方法,从而促进棉花持续稳定增产,棉农增收增效。     

Development of biofunctional textiles by the application of resveratrol to cotton, bamboo, and silk

The goal of this work was to create a new generation of greener fabrics made of natural materials. For that, resveratrol (Res), obtained from Polygonum cuspidatum extract and known to have antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activity, was applied by an exhaustion method to cotton, bamboo, and silk knit fabrics. The fabrics adsorption behavior was tested and the amount of Res adsorbed was determined by its decrease on the immersion solutions with time and measured by spectrophotometry at 350 nm. The maximum adsorption capacity was observed for silk and it was independent of pH conditions used (50.5 % at pH=7 and 58.3 % at pH=5 of the initial Res concentration). At acidic pH conditions, cotton adsorbed 51.2 % of Res and Bamboo adsorbed only 28.1 % in 15 min. However, neither cotton nor bamboo adsorbed Res at pH=7. The release behavior was also analyzed and the highest Res release was observed for cotton in alkaline sweat and urine mimic solutions. The lowest release was achieved by cotton in water (1.0 ng/ml). Moreover, no relation was found between the amounts of Res adsorbed or released and cell viability. In conclusion, this work shows that it is possible to obtain cotton, bamboo, and silk functionalized with resveratrol. The incorporating process here described is simple and silk-Res can be presented as a good combination.     

Antimicrobial,UV-protective and self-cleaning properties of cotton fabrics coated by dip-coating and solvothermal coating methods

Multifunctional textiles have been widely investigated with antimicrobial, self-cleaning, UV-protective properties, etc. Especially sol-gel coating doped with bioactive agents and special agents provides to produce multifunctional textiles. In this study, dip-coating (pad-dry) and solvothermal (exhaustion) sol-gel processes were used for coating of cotton fabric with silica and titania sols to achieve the properties mentioned above. A quaternary ammonium salt and silver salts as antimicrobial doping agent were embedded in titania sols with or without silica. Antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) of the coated fabrics were characterized. The effect of precursors, doping agents and different sol-gel processes were also compared on performance properties of the fabric samples.     

Fabrication of hydrophobic/oleophilic cotton fabric by mussel-inspired chemistry for oil/water separation

A straightforward approach was proposed to modify cotton fabric for oil/water separation based on musselinspired reaction. The poly(DMA-Octadecyl acrylate) was designed to contain key chemical constituents present in mussel adhesive proteins by free radical polymerization of dopamine hydrochloride and octadecyl acrylate, which strongly adsorbed to fabric substrates, providing a special surface for fabric. The chemical structure, surface topography, and surface wettability of the fabric were characterized. The results showed that as-prepared cotton fabric displayed a high CA of >150° when dripped water droplets were on the modified fabric surface, and the oil contact angle (OCA) was close to 0°, it had excellent potential to be used in practical applications and has created a new method of fabric modification for oil/water separation.     

Ultrasound for efficient emulsification and uniform coating of an anionic lubricant on cotton

In this paper, a softener of aliphatic acid ester was treated with an ultrasonic bath and coated on cotton. The particle size distribution of the softener in water was evaluated by a particle size analyzer. Physical and surface properties of the fabric after coating with the ultrasonic treated softener were compared with a control sample. Different technical measurements were utilized for this purpose including bending lengths measurement (BLM), friction coefficient measurement (FCM), evaluation of crease recovery angle (CRA), moisture regain measurement (MRM), evaluation of contact angle (CA), reflectance spectroscopy (RS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that ultrasound enhances softener distribution in water and it improves the drapeability, friction behavior, wrinkle recovery and water repellency of cotton due to uniform coating of softener.     

Effect of nitrogen application level on cotton fibre quality

The nitrogen(N) requirements of cotton are well understood and have been extensively studied since 1887, with practical guides, decision support systems, models and recent reviews providing information on the importance of providing cotton crops with a sufficient supply of nutrients and improving nitrogen use efficiency. Given that the financial return to the grower depends on both the cotton quantity and quality and the growing importance of the latter, this review focusses specifically on info...     

Synthesis of a dodecylphenylsiloxane oligomer resin/silica nanocomposite and its application to cotton fabrics

A novel dodecylphenylsiloxane oligomer resin/nanocomposite (PHDESR-SiO₂) was prepared by graft copolymerization between dodecyl modified phenylsiloxane resin with pendent epoxy groups (PHDESR) and amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles (BTEPA-SiO₂). PHDESR-SiO₂ was then used to prepare a super hydrophobic surface on cotton fabric by a facile solution-immersion process method. Chemical structures, chemical compositions, wettability, surface morphology, and thermal properties were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FT-IR), ¹H-NMR spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), static contact angle analyzer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Particle size distribution (PSD) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the target product PHDESR-SiO₂ has an anticipative structure with many micro/nanostructure tubercles, a cross-linked network hydrophobic organosilicon resin film and many clusters of cylindrical dodecyl molecular brushes. This created super hydrophobic structure on the surface of the treated cotton fabrics. XPS analysis indicated that the long carbon chain groups had a slight tendency to enrich the film-air interface. In addition, PHDESR-SiO₂ can provide good hydrophobicity for the treated fabric. As the dose of PHDESR-SiO₂ increased, the hydrophobicity of the treated fabric enhanced and consequently the water static contact angle reached 152.5 °. This had little influence on the softness, color, and gas permeability of the fabrics. This makes it slightly stiff at high doses, and the super-hydrophobic cotton fabric also had good launderability.     

叶面肥配施生物刺激素在棉花苗期应用效果

生物刺激素可以提高作物抗逆性、改善作物品质.为探索不同生物刺激素类物质对棉花苗期生长的影响,以喷施清水为空白对照(F0),以大量元素肥料100 g·L-1尿素和50 g·L-1磷酸二氢钾为常规叶面肥对照(F1),设置150 mg·L-1壳寡糖、黄腐酸钾和腐殖酸钠分别配合上述大量元素肥料处理(分别记为F2、F3、F4),...     

New definition of the fibrogram and its application to cotton blending

The fibrogram theory is newly derived from the superposition principle of the conventional staple diagram, in which the left-hand ends of the fibers have to share a common starting point in order for the fiber length distribution to be measured, and the right-hand ends of the fibers form points. It is shown that the fibrogram is the staple diagram of the fiber sample having different random starting points, as well as the double cumulative distribution function of the frequency length function in the length biased sample. Also, the various means, viz. the numerical mean length, numerical mean length in median, length biased mean length, and length biased mean length in median, and the various upper half means, viz. the numerical upper half mean length, numerical upper half mean length in median, length biased upper half mean length, and length biased upper half mean length in median, are discussed in relation to the cotton blending process.     

移栽地膜棉高产栽培氮肥运筹试验

移栽地膜棉栽后易早发,生育进程加快,其氮肥施用的基肥与追肥比例及时期,对协调棉花营养生长与生殖生长、个体与群体之间的关系影响很大,因此,作者于2010年在江苏省丰县常店镇褚庄村进行了氮肥运筹试验,现将试验情况总结如下.     

“五增牌”谷粒饱在棉花上的应用试验

在湖南南县对湘杂棉7号进行的五增牌谷粒饱喷施试验表明,谷粒饱在棉花上使用能促进棉株上部果枝增长,增加果节数,减少蕾铃脱落,保花保铃效果好;同时,棉株生长健壮,每公顷可增产籽棉450~750 kg。     

缩节胺在棉花上的应用技术研究进展

缩节胺是棉田化控的主要植物生长调节剂,在棉花株型塑造及产量提升方面有显著作用.近年来,随着对缩节胺研究的深入,其作用机理、调控效果等已较为明晰;同时随棉花种植技术变化,缩节胺应用技术研究也日益增多.归纳总结了缩节胺的研发与应用历史及不同棉田应用技术,重点探讨了常规缩节胺化控技术的发展及侧重点,并对缩节胺相关研究及其应用...     

Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles by PNP and its application on the functional finishing of cotton fabrics

This paper presents a facile and novel approach for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles in aqueous solution based on a one-step reaction between a modified hyperbranched polymer (PNP) and zinc nitrate. The prepared ZnO nanoparticles polymeric hybrid was characterized and its antibacterial activity was investigated. The results indicated that the ZnO nanoparticles have an average size about 6 nm and well dispersed in aqueous medium. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of them was 20 ppm and 60 ppm against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. For the functional finishing of cotton fabrics by these ZnO nanoparticles, a microwave assisted in situ fabrication method was employed. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements confirmed that the ZnO nanoparticles in situ generated in cotton fabrics successfully. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic investigation demonstrated that the ZnO nanoparticles were fixed on the cotton fibers by PNP. The treated cotton fabrics exhibited excellent UV protective properties and antibacterial activities. When ZnO content of cotton fabric was 1.49 %, the UPF value of treated cotton fabric exceeded 125 and the bacterial reduction rate against S. aureus and E. coli reached 99.97 % and 98.40 %, respectively.     

Resistance monitoring of Heliothis virescens to pyramided cotton varieties with a hydrateable, artificial cotton leaf bioassay

Proof of concept was demonstrated for a practical, off-the-shelf bioassay to monitor for tobacco budworm resistance to pyramided Bt cotton using plant filtrates. The bioassay was based on a previously described feeding disruption test using hydrateable artificial diet containing a blue indicator dye, a diagnostic dose of insecticide and novel assay architecture. Using neonate larvae from a Bt-susceptible, laboratory reared tobacco budworm strain, a diagnostic dose for Bollgard II and WideStrike cotton was obtained that limited neonate blue fecal production to 0-2 pellets in 24 h (Bt-resistant larvae produced >2 fecal pellets). The bioassay was tested with three different field populations of tobacco budworm collected from tobacco in central North Carolina (USA) and shown to accurately diagnose susceptibility to Bt. The diagnostic doses were also successfully evaluated with two Bt-resistant, laboratory reared tobacco budworm strains. Shelf life studies showed the assay could be stored for at least 6 months at room temperature (longer storage times were not studied). The application of the bioassay as an easy to use monitoring tool is discussed.     

11%精甲·咯·嘧菌悬浮种衣剂对棉花立枯病的防治效果

为了明确11%（质量分数,下同）精甲·咯·嘧菌悬浮种衣剂对棉花立枯病的田间防治效果,以3种单剂即350 g·L^－1精甲霜灵种子处理乳剂、10%嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂和25 g·L^－1咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂的高、中、低常用剂量作为药剂对照,以清水处理为空白对照,开展11%精甲·咯·嘧菌悬浮种衣剂制剂高（4.4 g·kg^－1）、中（3.3 g·kg^－1）、低（2.2 g·kg^－1）用量的种子包衣处理防治棉花立枯病试验。结果表明：4种杀菌剂3个剂量的防治效果表现为11%精甲·咯·嘧菌悬浮种衣剂＞25 g·L^－1咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂＞10%嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂＞350 g·L^－1精甲霜灵种子处理乳剂,其中11%精甲·咯·嘧菌悬浮种衣剂在高剂量时防治效果达到84.03%;各处理对棉苗生长安全。以上结果可为应用该类药剂防治棉花立枯病提供科学依据。     

Carbon dioxide enrichment and temperature effects on cotton canopy photosynthesis,transpiration, and water-use efficiency

The objectives of this study were to evaluate effects of ambient and double ambient [CO₂] at a range of growing temperatures on photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, water-use efficiency and dry matter accumulation of cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L., cv. DPL 50). In Experiment I, plants were grown outdoors until first bloom, then transferred into naturally lit growth chambers and grown for 22 days at 30/18°C with five CO₂ concentrations varying from 350 to 900 μl l⁻¹. In Experiment II, air temperatures were maintained at 20/12, 25/17, 30/22, and 35/27°C day/night during a 70-day experimental period with [CO₂] of 350 and 700 μl l⁻¹ at each temperature. Photosynthesis increased with [CO₂] from 350 to 700 μl l⁻¹ and with temperature. Plants grown at 35/27°C produced fewer bolls due to abscission compared with plants grown at optimum temperatures (30/20°C). At higher [CO₂], water-use efficiency increased at all temperatures due mainly to increased canopy photosynthesis but also to more limited extent to reduced canopy transpiration. Increased photosynthesis at higher [CO₂] resulted in greater dry matter accumulation at all temperatures except at 20/12°C. Respiration increased as dry matter and temperature increased. Plants grown at higher [CO₂] had less respiration per unit dry matter but more per unit area. These results indicate that future increases in [CO₂] are likely to benefit cotton production by increasing carbon assimilation under temperatures favorable for cotton growth. Reduced fruit weights at higher temperatures indicate potential negative effects on production if air temperatures increase as projected in a high-CO₂ world.     

Synthesis of HBP-HTC and its application to cotton fabric as an antimicrobial auxiliary

A quaternary ammonium compound, 2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride amino-terminated hyper-branched polymer (HBP-HTC), was synthesized from an amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer (HBP-NH₂) and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC) as a grafting agent in aqueous solution. Its molecular weight and possible structure were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-NMR). The cotton fabric was treated with 2 g/l HBP-HTC aqueous solution for 30 min at room temperature to provide the cotton fabric with antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial activities of the HBP-HTC aqueous solutions and the HBP-HTC treated cotton fabrics were evaluated quantitatively. The results indicated that the HBP-HTC treated cotton fabric showed 99.92 % reduction of bacteria S. aureus and 99.66 % reduction of bacteria E. coli, respectively. The antimicrobial activities of the HBP-HTC treated cotton fabrics were maintained at over 99.00 % reduction level even after being exposed to 20 consecutive home laundering conditions.     

GGR6号在抗虫杂交棉上的应用研究

通过GGR6号在抗虫杂交棉新品种赣棉杂11上示范应用比较,结果表明：使用GGR6号对棉花的产量、品质和抗病性均有较好的改善作用,尤以在移栽前和盛花期共喷施2次的效果最好;与对照相比总铃数可多6．45万个／hm^2以上,子棉产量增加11．57％。15．26％;纤维整齐度增加1．2个百分点,纤维比强度增0．6—1．3cN／tex,马克隆值可降低0．17～0．3;枯萎病病指降低0．3—2．5。     

基于LoRa通信的棉花智能水肥管理系统设计与应用

由LoRa(超远距离广域网,Long range)与4G蜂窝移动通信组网、具有边缘计算能力智能网关、物联网终端、远程自动化控制设备、水肥管理软件集成的智能水肥一体化管理系统,在灌溉水质较差、通信基础设施薄弱的新疆,使灌水施肥更精准、高效,示范农场节本增效明显.以LoRa通信为基础的棉花智能水肥管理系统是数字农场的重要执...