城市道路交通安全模糊评价指标体系建立及应用

建立具有可操作性的城市道路交通安全评价指标体系,确定影响城市道路交通安全的交通设施现状、交通安全运营系统、交通安全保障系统3个准则,及道路条件评价、控制设施评价、道路环境评价等11个评价指标。运用层次分析法确定各层次评价指标的权重,建立了多级模糊综合评判模型。划分城市道路交通的安全等级。并结合柳州市实例进行评判计算,确定该城市的道路交通安全等级。评价结果表明,该方法的评价结论可信,可以对城市的道路交通安全水平做出合理的定性评价。     

基于CCSI模型构建客户满意度评价指标体系研究

由于客户满意度一直作为企业发展的着落点,以中国客户满意指数基本模型CCSI为基础,通过分析构建客户满意度评价指标体系的意义和原则,从业务因素(预期质量)、服务因素(感知质量)、价格因素(感知价值)、其他因素(品牌形象)4个方面进行了细化,每个方面从3个指标开展研究,随后采用层次结构模型构建了三级指标的客户满意度评价指标体系,以此作为测度工具,对满意度评价研究具有一定的理论意义,同时在现实中也能够更好地分析企业的客户满意度。     

天津市小城镇居住社区低碳评价指标体系研究

构建了一套具有天津特色的小城镇居住社区低碳评价指标体系 ,采用层次分析法(AHP)确定指标权重 ,确立了各指标标志值和评分标准 ,建立了多层次综合评价模型 ,将小城镇居住社区划分为4个低碳等级.以中新天津生态城和天津大邱庄镇为例进行了实证研究 ,评价结果表明 :天津市小城镇在绿色交通和建材本地化利用等方面还存在一定的差距.与此同时 ,验证了该评价指标体系操作方便 ,简单实用 ,对居住社区的低碳化建设将起到非常重要的评价和引导作用.     

邯郸市草本水生植物园林应用评价指标体系的构建及评价

根据邯郸市草本水生植物的资源现状及应用特点,选用5项指标：观赏价值（G）;生育周期（S）;扩展度（K）;生长势（Z）;适应性（X）;采用公式Y=0．4G＋0．1S＋0．2K＋0．1Z＋0．2X对邯郸市5种类型共计27科46属62种草本水生植物进行综合评价,筛选出园林应用表现优良、良好、一般的草本水生植物分别为22种、17种、23种;为邯郸市及周边地区草本水生植物在园林中的应用提供了理论和实践依据。     

桉树人工林生态量化评价指标体系的建立

随着桉树人工林经营水平的提高,桉树人工林不仅满足木材的需求,还发挥生态效益等其他功能。本文通过专家咨询法对桉树人工林生态目标量化评价指标进行筛选,采用层次分析法和德尔菲法确定指标的权重,最终形成5个一级指标、18个二级指标、36个三级指标的指标体系。一级指标中,碳汇权重最大,达0.2944,体现了碳汇在现今生态系统中的重要程度。第二是生物多样性,达0.2715,生物多样性是评价生态系统的核心指标。第三是生态系统健康,权重为0.2363,生态系统健康是生态系统的基础,生态系统其他功能的发挥程度取决于生态系统健康的程度。生态系统水环境和生态系统土壤环境的权重分别是0.1029和0.0949。     

道路运输业综合能力评价指标体系的建立

本文运用定性分析和定量分析相结合的方法，研究了道路运输业综合能力评价指标体系确立的标准和原则，构建了黑龙江省道路运榆业综合能力的层次分类模型，并对指标进行分析、筛选，最后通过指标因子分析，建立道路运输业评价指标体系。     

层次分析法在退耕还林生态效益评价指标体系建立中的应用

退耕还林生态效益评价是当今研究的热点问题之一,构建评价指标是评价工作的前提和基础。笔者根据退耕还林生态效益的主要影响因子,在设定多层次指标体系的基础上,采用AHP法计算各指标权重,以确定影响退耕还林生态效益的主要因素。结果表明:退耕还林生态效益指标体系19个指标中,所占比重最大的5个指标依次为:土壤的侵蚀模数、地表径流量、土壤容重、枯落物层厚度和林草的覆盖率等。     

林业生态环境建设成效评价指标体系的研究

应用层次分析方法，深入分析了影响林业生态环境建设成效的主要因子，按其支配关系构成递阶层次结构模型。两两比较确定决策方案之间的相对重要性，构造判断矩阵，分层求解其因素间的重要性排序权重系数，计算判断矩阵的随机一致性指标。最后确定林业生态环境建设评价指标的具体量化。     

城市森林可持续发展指标体系的建立和应用

在可持续发展理论、森林资源可持续经营指标体系研究及城市森林综合评价指标体系研究的基础上,提出衡量城市森林可持续发展的指标体系框架,设计城市森林可持续发展的综合评价方法。最后,利用提出的指标体系对金华市城市森林可持续发展状态进行了评价,讨论了指标体系的可靠性和适用性。     

广东省生态景观林带建设成效评价指标体系研究

从资源状况、生态效能和碳汇效能3个维度构建生态景观林带评价指标体系,并对广东省生态景观林带建设现状进行分析评价.评价结果显示,全省生态景观林带生态效益排在前三位的是湛江、汕头、深圳市.工程建设量的大小直接影响森林生态效益总规模;生态景观林带质量的高低影响单个评价指标得分,最终影响综合评价得分;工程建设量越大,生态景观林带建设质量越好,最终的生态效益评价得分将越高.     

Construction and application of an assessment index system for evaluating the eco-community＇s sustainability

An assessment index system including environment, socio-culture, economy and technology was established for evaluating environmental construction level of community (objective construction), and questionnaire was designed according to paper review for evaluating residential satisfaction (subjective satisfaction). The index system was divided into four layers: system (A), subsystems (B), categories (C), and indicators (D), and in total of 38 indicators was established. The Xihe community, affiliated to Nanfen district, Benxi City, Liaoning Province, China was selected as a case study. Results indicated that the community sustainability index related to objective environmental construction was 0.4355 and was classified as class III (moderate); the community sustainability index related to the residential satisfaction was 0.4255, belonging to class III. In conclusion, the sustainability of Xihe community was moderate and needed to be improved. Residential satisfaction was lower than objective environmental construction. The assessment index system established in this study is able to reflect the comprehensive sustainability of community and can be used to evaluate other similar communities’ sustainability Foundation items: This study was supported by the National Key Technologies R & D Program of China (2006BAD03A09), Agrifund of China’s Ministry of Science and Technology (2006GB24910472).     

Consumer perceptions of environmental and social sustainability of wood products in the Finnish market

Abstract

Consumers in today's world can perceive an additional benefit associated with responsible business practices and the sustainability of purchased products. However, in Scandinavian context, there is a lack of knowledge of consumer perceptions toward environmental and social sustainability of wood products. Our data on adult Finnish consumers (private end-users) (N=227) were collected during 2004–2007 as interview exit data from home retail centers selling building materials. The perceived environmental and social sustainability of wood products was investigated using exploratory factor analysis, and the phenomenon was observed to be a two-dimensional construct consisting of “General environmental and social sustainability” and “Specific social sustainability” reflecting strong consumer need for product safety. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the “General” dimension also explains the consumer's self-declared willingness to pay for sustainable wood products. The results also indicate that the respondents may be segmented based on their perceptions on product level environmental and social sustainability: the most environmentally and socially conscious group can be profiled by gender (female), older age, and summer cottage ownership.     

对建筑企业建立环境管理体系的探讨

本文论述了如何在建筑企业中建立环境管理体系并通过ISO14000认证，以及建立建筑企业环境管理体系的步骤和意义。该体系的建立不仅能提高建筑企业的竞争能力，实现优化管理，而且能使建筑企业尽快与世界接轨，消除国际贸易壁垒。     

生态旅游环境教育效果评价指标体系构建初探

在参考其他相关领域学者关于评价指标体系构建的一般原则的基础上,根据生态旅游区生态旅游环境教育效果评价的具体特点,综合运用头脑风暴法、专家咨询法、层次分析法、聚类法等方法构建了包含4个层次,21项评价指标的生态旅游环境教育效果评价指标体系.其中,构建了"知识"、"意识"、"伦理"、"评价与建议"、"技能"、"行为"、"意愿"7个一级指标,各个指标的权重分别为0.255 4、0.241 1、0.198 9、0.078 3、0.048 4、0.138 3、0.039 5.同时建立了生态旅游环境教育效果评价的数学模型,将每个旅游者的生态旅游环境教育效果评价总得分确定为该各项指标的加权和,将总得分的等级划定为[85,100](非常好)、[75,841(很好)、[65,74](较好)、[55,64](一般)、F45,54](较差)、[35,44](很差)和[0,34](非常差)等7个等级.     

A multi-criterion index for the evaluation of local tropical forest conditions in Mexico

Despite the ecological and economical importance of tropical forests they are currently affected by human activities, mainly through deforestation and selective extraction. With the aim of making an opportune diagnosis of the condition of forests, we developed an ecological index based on qualitative and semi-quantitative data, allowing a quick diagnosis in order to manage and conserve tropical forests. We evaluated 44 plots of tree vegetation, measuring canopy height, number of strata, tree cover, dominant trees, number of tree species, as well as the management of and damage to the forest. The data of each parameter was classified in categories of 3, 4 or 5, which were normalized between 0 and 1 for the worst and best characteristics, respectively. For the purpose of analysis, the average, a set of IF–THEN rules, and fuzzy logic were applied and as a result we obtained a model that measures the ecological condition of the tropical forests. The model has the advantages of having an ecological basis, allows data to be gathered quickly and is clear and easy to manage and interpret. When running the model, the value of each intermediate variable is displayed, thus allowing the detection of where necessary action is required to improve the ecological condition of the forest. We expect this index to contribute in evaluating the effectiveness of forest management and possibly offer advice for the short-term management and conservation of the remnants of tropical forests.     

Life cycle assessment of windows for the North American residential market: Case study

Abstract

A life cycle assessment (LCA) of residential windows was conducted to evaluate the environmental impacts of those made with aluminum-clad wood, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and fiberglass frames for sale in North America. The LCA was a case study in which specific-site data were used for the manufacturing stage of each window, while published data were adapted to complete the life cycle inventories using Sima Pro software. These inventories were grouped into impact categories and scaled based on IMPACT 2002+ version 2.1 characterization and damage factors. The damage modeling indicated that the life cycle impacts are dominated by the combustion of non-renewable energy resources. The PVC life cycle used the most non-renewable energy and caused the most damage owing to that window's shorter service life. The disposal of aluminum cladding in the municipal waste stream caused greater aquatic ecotoxicity for the wood window. The sensitivity analysis revealed that replacing the virgin material in aluminum cladding with recycled content improved the life cycle impacts of the wood window. Using fiberglass or PVC to clad the wood window also improved the environmental performance. Other potential improvements to the life cycle impacts of the three windows include improving energy efficiency, particularly during the secondary manufacturing.     

塞罕坝林场森林经营示范体系建设与发展构想

以全国首批森林经营示范国有林场之一的塞罕坝林场为研究对象,在总结以往生产管理经验的基础上,分析研究林场在生产中出现的主要问题,以及制约发展的主要因素,结合林场发展方向,对森林经营示范体系建设与发展构想进行了探讨。     

长江上游生态屏障建设的基本构架和指标体系

针对产生于长江上游并影响全流域生态安全的问题,提出生态屏障建设的基本构架、建设重点、构建稳定生态系统的指标体系以及生态屏障建设的目标。