青海黑白花奶牛的血钾浓度常值

采用火焰光度计法测定了西宁市奶牛场饲养的青海黑白花奶牛96份血样的血钾浓度常值。它们的全血钾浓度为10.63±1.36mmol/L,红细胞钾浓度为20.34±3.17mmol/L,血浆钾浓度为4.58±0.40mmol/L。全血钾浓度与红细胞钾浓度之间呈显著的正相关性联系(r=0.8602,P<0.0001)。     

青海梅花鹿公鹿血钾指标和红细胞钾型的研究

采用火焰光度法对青海省大通种牛场71头梅花鹿公鹿3项血钾指标和红细胞钾型进行了研究。结果发现:被检青海梅花鹿公鹿的血清钾离子浓度为(4.2±0.7)mmol/L,全血钾离子浓度为(28.3±4.1)mmol/L,红细胞钾离子浓度为(70.5±10.6)mmol/L。按全血钾离子浓度和红细胞钾离子浓度判定,全部被检青海梅花鹿公鹿的红细胞钾型为高血钾型。     

青海八眉猪仔猪12项血液指标测定

对青海省 43头八眉猪仔猪的 12项血液指标进行了测定。结果为 :RBC ,7 0 5± 1 4 1× 10 1 2 L ;PCV ,0 4 2± 0 0 6L L :Hb ,12 6 3± 2 0 .82g L ;全血钾 ,5 0 36± 6 2 4mmol L ;血浆钾 ,6 31± 0 6 3mmol L ;;血浆总钙 ,2 0 9± 0 2 6mmol L ;血浆无机磷 ,1 5 7± 0 4 1mmol L ;血浆氯 ,10 5 9± 11 84mmol L ;血浆总蛋白 ,74 6 2± 5 11g L ;血浆白蛋白 ,45 2 0± 9 2 0g L ;血浆球蛋白 ,2 9 4 1± 8 32g L ;A G ,1 70± 0 6 2。且公、母猪之间的各项血液指标都没有显著差异。     

柴达木黄牛血钾浓度常值的测定

采用火焰光度法测定了德令哈地区柴达木黄牛９５份血样的血钾浓度常值，它们的平均全血钾浓度为８．４３±１．５１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ；红细胞钾浓度为１３．１±３．１３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ；血清钾浓度为５．１９±０．６７ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

高原型藏羊红细胞钾浓度多态性及其与10项血液指标的联系

采用火焰光度计法对47只青海省刚察县高原型藏羊红细胞钾浓度的多态性进行了调查研究.结果发现:1.按红细胞钾浓度,被检高原型藏羊有高钾和低钾两种表型,以高钾型为优势表型(89.36%);2.高钾型藏羊的全血钾浓度范围为21.40～39.60mmol/L,红细胞钾浓度范围为73.54～101.01mmol/L;低钾型藏羊的全血钾浓度范围为9.00～10.80mmol/L,红细胞钾浓度范围为16.66～29.10mmol/L;3.Kh和KL等位基因频率分别为0.9453和0.0547;4.HK和LK型羊的10项血液指标之间均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).     

引入青海火鸡血液五种无机离子含量的测量

对83只引入青海火鸡五种血液无机离子含量进行了测定,结果全血铁(BFe++)9.02±1.19 mmol/L,全血钾(BK+)32.04±5.51 mmol/L,血浆总钙(PTCa++)2.77±0.54mmol/L,血浆游离钙(PFCa++)0.51±0.04 mmol/L,血浆结合钙(PBCa++)19.44±4.58mmol/L,血浆游离钙(PFCa++百分率19.44±4.85%,血浆无机磷(PP)3.12±0.43 mmol/L,血浆氯化物(PCT)108.84±13.58 mmol/L.     

青海白唇鹿公鹿血钾指标和红细胞钾型的研究

采用火焰光度法对青海省大通种牛场18头白唇鹿公鹿三项血钾指标和红细胞钾型进行了研究。结果发现:①被检青海白唇鹿公鹿的血清钾离子浓度为3.7±0.8mmol/L,全血钾离子浓度为27.4±3.0mmol/L,红细胞钾离子浓度为75.4±10.1mmol/L;②按红细胞钾离子浓度判定,全部被检青海白唇鹿公鹿的红细胞钾型为高血钾型。     

青海湖裸鲤血液指标的测定

采用常规法对青海湖裸鲤 10项血液指标进行了测定。结果 :RBC ,1.2 8± 0 .2 7× 10 1 2 L ;WBC ,31.99± 3.41×10 9 L ;Hb ,71.8± 11.4g L ;血清指标 :总蛋白 5 2 .92± 8.74g L ,总脂 9.77± 2 .30g L ,胆固醇 5 .97± 2 .0 6mmol L ,血糖 10 .0 9±3.5 6mmol L ,无机磷 3.17± 0 .6 5mmol L ,Mg++0 .74± 0 .2 1mmol L ,Ca++2 .84± 0 .18mmol L。     

鸡尿液收集方法及其理化指标和尿沉渣的研究

对 2 0羽 45日龄伊沙蛋雏鸡进行结肠造口术 ,收集 2 4h的尿液及尿沉渣 ,并对鸡尿液的理化指标及尿沉渣进行分析研究。结果显示 :鸡的尿液呈淡黄色 ,并有稠粘液体性质 ,鸡的尿量为 :(37 34± 8 0 0 )mL ,尿液pH值为 6 58± 0 32 ,尿密度为 1 0 1 8± 0 0 0 9,尿酸为 (398 951±51 2 91 ) μmol/L ,钙为 (5 580± 0 2 4 1 )mmol/L ,无机磷为 (1 2 1 7± 0 996)mmol/L ,镁为 (3 735± 0 0 1 0 )mmol/L ,钠为 (1 37 2 50±1 3 789)mmol/L ,钾为 (41 81 0± 1 887)mmol/L。扫描电镜下 ,尿沉渣中球形物较多 ,混有少量的针状晶体 ,表明主要含尿酸盐。能谱分析表明 ,上述结构的主要组成元素为钙、钾及少量的镁和钠     

南江黄(山)羊血气分析

用血气分析仪对 2 2只南江黄 (山 )羊进行血气分析 ,结果 :pH 7.3 3± 0 .0 4,Pco2 5 .2 4± 0 .3 9kPa ,Po2 3 .5 4± 0 .5 0kPa ,HCO-32 0 .89± 1.62mmol L ,Tco2 2 .11± 1.65mmol L ,BE -4 .10± 1.98mmol L ,SBE -5 .2 6mmol L ,SBc 2 0 .2 1± 1.5 6mmol L ,O2 s(% ) 45 .1± 8.73。表明Pco2 、Po2 、O2 s(% )在不同性别 ,不同年龄组之间存在显著差异 (P <0 0 5 )和极显著差异 (P <0 0 1)。     

钾肥对草坪草抗性的影响

钾肥是草坪草三大营养元素之一，对形成和加强草坪草的抗性起着十分重要的作用。论述了钾肥对草坪草寒、旱、热、病虫害及盐碱等抗性的影响及其作用机理，为草坪建植、管理等生产实践及系统化研究提供一定的依据。     

Short-term compatibility of furosemide with crystalloid solutions

Parenteral veterinary furosemide is a 50-mg/mL solution with a pH of 8.0-9.3. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a commonly used veterinary formulation of 50 mg/mL of furosemide solution could be diluted in vitro without precipitation. Furosemide 50 mg/mL was diluted to concentrations of 10 and 5 mg/mL with 5% dextrose in water (D5W), 0.9% saline, lactated Ringer solution (LRS), and sterile water. Acidic sterile water and basic sterile water solutions were made by the addition of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, respectively, for use as controls to assess the effect of pH extremes for each concentration. After furosemide dilution, the final pH of each sample was measured, and samples were grossly and microscopically examined for clarity and crystal formation immediately and 1, 3, 5, and 8 hours after dilution. Gross precipitation and microscopic crystals were immediately observed in the acidic controls. Solutions of 5 mg/mL in LRS and 0.9% saline became slightly cloudy immediately, but no crystals were observed microscopically for 8 hours. Solutions of 10 mg/mL in D5W, 0.9% saline, LRS, and sterile water and solutions of 5 mg/mL in D5W and sterile water and the basic control were grossly clear, and no microscopic crystals were observed for 8 hours. On the basis of the results obtained in this in vitro investigation, this veterinary formulation of furosemide 50 mg/mL can be diluted without precipitation to a concentration of 10 mg/mL with D5W, 0.9% saline, LRS, or sterile water and to 5 mg/mL with D5W or sterile water and held for 8 hours.     

用“增肉灵浓缩料”育肥生产优质牛肉的试验

选用沈阳市奶牛服务中心研制的“增肉灵浓缩料”（又称“雪花牌浓缩料”），进行优质牛肉的育肥生产试验，结果表明，使用该料的肉牛强度育肥，不仅能生产出可被用户接受的优质牛肉，而且具有饲料报酬较高，肉牛消化良好，方便用户的特点。     

土霉素混悬剂的研制及药物质量指标测定

为了研制优质的土霉素混悬剂,试验采用单因素试验及正交试验法,筛选了土霉素混悬剂的理想配方,以土霉素为主药, 以蒸馏水为溶媒,应用分散法成功研制了土霉素混悬型制剂,并评定了混悬剂的质量指标.试验结果表明,测定的4种不同浓度混悬剂样品的平均回收率为100.62%,RSD为0.48%,静置3h的沉降体积比均大于0.9,且混悬剂稳定性好,不易结块,易于重分散.     

桑园土壤钾素营养的初步研究

通过对江苏省 36个蚕种场的 875个土样的速效钾和缓效钾的测定分析 ,以及部分土样的电超滤钾分析认为 :各地区上层土壤 (0～ 2 0cm)的供钾能力大于下层土壤 (2 0～ 40cm) ;江苏省所有地区桑园均为缺钾土壤 ;太湖地区、宁镇扬丘陵地区的供钾能力 >江淮地区 >淮北地区 ;淮北地区的土壤钾素缓冲能力较小 ,且其固定钾能力较强 ,说明全省桑园均要加强钾肥的施用 ,尤其是江淮和淮北地区 ;化学分析、生物试验证明可以用电超滤法来评价桑园土壤的供钾能力     

Pharmacokinetics of potassium bromide in adult horses

OBJECTIVE: To determine the pharmacokinetics of potassium bromide (KBr) in horses after a single and multiple oral doses. ANIMALS: Twelve adult Standardbred and Thoroughbred mares. PROCEDURE: Horses were randomly assigned into two treatment groups. In Part 1 of the study, horses were given a single oral dose of 120 mg/kg KBr. Part 2 of the study evaluated a loading dose of 120 mg/kg KBr daily by stomach tube for 5 days, followed by 40 mg/kg daily in feed for 7 days. Serum concentrations of bromide were determined by colorimetric spectrophotometry following drug administration to permit determination of concentration versus time curves from which pharmacokinetic parameters could be calculated. Treated horses were monitored twice daily by clinical examination. Serum concentrations of sodium, potassium and chloride ions and partial pressures of venous blood gases were determined. RESULTS: Maximum mean serum bromide concentration following a single dose of KBr (120 mg/kg) was 284 +/- 15 microg/mL and the mean elimination half-life was 75 +/- 14 h. Repeated administration of a loading dose of KBr (120 mg/kg once daily for 5 days) gave a maximum serum bromide concentration of 1098 +/- 105 microg/mL. The administration of lower, maintenance doses of KBr (40 mg/kg once daily) was associated with decreased serum bromide concentrations, which plateaued at approximately 700 microg/mL. Administration of KBr was associated with significant but transient changes in serum potassium and sodium concentrations, and possible changes in base excess and plasma bicarbonate concentrations. High serum concentrations of bromide were associated with an apparent increase in serum chloride concentrations, when measured on an ion specific electrode. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A loading dose of 120 mg/kg daily over 5 days and maintenance doses of approximately 90-100 mg/kg of KBr administered once daily are predicted to result in serum bromide concentrations consistent with therapeutic efficacy for the management of seizures in other species. The clinical efficacy of this agent as an anticonvulsant medication and/or calmative in horses warrants further investigation.     

"家蚕解氟剂"最佳使用浓度的研究

用“氟敏指数”为指标,测定不同浓度“家蚕解氟剂”的解毒效果。其结果为“家蚕解氟剂”有良好的解毒效果。添食解氟剂浓度为20、50、80、110mg/100ml的4种处理的“氟敏指数”依次递减,而从110mg/100ml开始,110、140、170mg/100ml3种处理的“氟敏指数”依次递增,呈“V”字形。由此说明“家蚕解氟剂”的最佳使用浓度为80－140mg/100ml之间。     

Effects of Sperm Concentration and Straw Volume on Motion Characteristics and Plasma, Acrosomal, and Mitochondrial Membranes of Equine Cryopreserved Spermatozoa

The advantages of using cryopreserved semen in equine reproduction are well known. During cryopreservation, spermatozoa undergo many changes that lead to a decrease in fertility. There is no agreement on the ideal sperm dose and concentration to maximize fertility rates. Thus, the objectives of this experiment were to evaluate sperm motion by computer-assisted analysis (CASA), sperm membrane integrity and function with fluorescence probes of cryopreserved sperm at three concentrations: 100 (C100), 200 (C200) and 400 × 10⁶ sperm/mL (C400), and two straw volumes (0.50 and 0.25 mL). There was no interaction between sperm concentration and storage volume (P > .05). Sperm motion characteristics were influenced by concentration (C100 > C200 > C400; P < .05). Curvilinear velocity (VCL) in 0.25-mL straws had higher average values (P < .05). Membrane integrity and function were not changed by straw volume (P > .05). However, sperm concentration changed the percentage of cells with intact plasma membrane (C100 > C200 > C400; P < .05) and the percentage of cells with high mitochondrial membrane potential (C100 = C200; P > .05 and C400 < C100 and C200; P < .05). According to this experiment, the best freezing method was that involving 100 × 10⁶ sperm/mL, regardless of straw volume.     

卡氏住白细胞虫配子体的浓集和纯化

以淋巴细胞分离液和生理盐水为介质，分别按不同比例配制成3种不同密度（1.060g/ml、1.070g/ml、1.073/ml)的分离液，并通过无菌采集患卡氏住白细胞虫病的病鸡血液获得了卡氏住白细胞虫的配子体。采用单密度梯度离心法和多密度梯度离心法对该配子体进行了浓集和纯化。进行最佳离心速度和离心时间的筛选结果显示，1500r/min离心25分钟分离效果最佳；经多密度法离心后可同时获得浓集和纯化的配子体；经单密度法离心后，只能得到浓集的配子体；对浓集的虫体进一步纯化，结果显示纯化率可达95％以上。通过密度梯度离心的结果判定，配子体的密度介于1.070-1.073g/ml之间。实验结果表明若需要大量分离纯化配子体，应以单密度法分二步进行为佳；若只需少量纯化的虫体，则可用多密度法一步来完成。