几种牛羊布鲁氏菌病抗体检测方法的比较

应用虎红平板凝集试验、试管凝集试验、间接ELISA、竞争ELISA和胶体金法对牛羊血清样品进行布鲁氏菌病抗体检测,对不同的检测方法进行比较,以建立和优化动物布病简便快速的检疫诊断方法。结果显示:针对牛血清,胶体金法结果阳性率最高,虎红平板凝集试验与间接ELISA结果阳性率相似,试管凝集试验与竞争ELISA结果阳性率一致,表明胶体金法和虎红平板凝集试验的敏感性较好,而试管凝集试验与竞争ELISA特异性较好。针对羊血清,试管凝集试验、竞争ELISA和胶体金法的敏感性和特异性好于虎红平板凝集试验和间接ELISA。     

济宁地区猪布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查及3种检测方法比较

为了解济宁地区猪布鲁氏菌病的感染状态,从该地区随机选择5个猪场,采集600份血液样本,以上猪场均未免疫猪布鲁氏菌病疫苗。先用布病虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)筛选,再用试管凝集试验(SAT)和ELISA(酶联免疫吸附试验)复核。结果表明,虎红平板凝集试验共检出阳性血清样本13例,阳性率为2.17%;试管凝集试验检出阳性血清样本12例,阳性率为2.00%,与虎红平板凝集试验符合率为92%;ELISA试剂盒检出阳性血清10例,阳性率为1.67%,与虎红平板凝集试验符合率为77%。结论为:济宁地区的猪场存在布病感染,种猪的阳性率最高,其次是肥育猪和仔猪,并且在3种检测方法中,RBPT最敏感,而ELISA特异性最好。     

虎红平板凝集试验与试管凝集试验检测奶牛布鲁菌病的比较

布鲁菌病主要采用凝集试验来检测,本试验用虎红平板凝集试验和试管凝集试验对江苏海安、江都、无锡和兴化地区的660头奶牛的血清样品进行平行检测,虎红平板凝集试验的阳性检出率为9.7%,试验管凝集试验的阳性检出率为5.5%;与后者相比,虎红平板凝集试验的敏感性为100%,特异性为95.3%,符合率为95.6%。这些数据表明,江苏地区某些奶牛场存在布鲁菌感染,虎红平板凝集试验可以用于布鲁菌病初步检测。     

某地区羊布鲁氏菌病血清学调查与4种血清学检测方法的比较应用

为更好地开展羊布鲁氏菌病防控技术指导,对某地20家养羊场、户采集羊血样328份,同时应用虎红平板凝集试验与胶体金检测卡进行初步检测,并将上述2种方法初检为阳性的样品与随机选取的阴性样品共计60份,分别应用试管凝集试验及cELISA进行确诊。结果显示,虎红平板凝集试验、胶体金检测卡、试管凝集试验与cELISA方法检测结果的总符合率分别为97.0%、98.3%和98.3%,该地区个体阳性率0.91%,群体阳性率10.0%。在此基础上,应用布鲁氏菌病国家标准阳性血清对4种方法的敏感性进行了测定,结果显示,cELISA检测方法敏感性最高,其次为试管凝集试验与胶体金快速检测卡。综上得出,胶体金检测方法既可以作为布病血清学检测的初筛试验,也可以与cELISA检测方法共同用作布病血清学检测的复核试验。     

奶牛布鲁菌病的检测试验

试验对内蒙古包头市部分地区出现较多流产、早产、死胎、胎盘滞留等疑似布鲁菌病患牛的奶牛养殖小区、个体养殖户的608头奶牛用虎红平板凝集试验、试管凝集试验进行了布鲁菌病血清学检测.结果虎红平板凝集试验检测平均阳性率为27.96%,试管凝集试验平均阳性率为25.82%,表明所检测地区奶牛布鲁菌病的感染率较高.     

奶牛布鲁菌病的检测试验

试验对内蒙古包头市部分地区出现较多流产、早产、死胎、胎盘滞留等疑似布鲁菌病患牛的奶牛养殖小区、个体养殖户的608头奶牛用虎红平板凝集试验、试管凝集试验进行了布鲁菌病血清学检测。结果虎红平板凝集试验检测平均阳性率为27.96%,试管凝集试验平均阳性率为25.82%,表明所检测地区奶牛布鲁菌病的感染率较高。     

猪布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查及3种检测方法比较

为了解南平市延平区猪布鲁氏菌病的感染状态,分别从该地区12个乡镇随机选择1个规模化猪场,每个猪场采集30份血清样品,共采集360份样本。先用布病虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)筛选,再用间接酶联免疫吸附试验（iELISA）和竞争酶联免疫吸附试验（c ELISA）复核。结果显示,虎红平板凝集试验共检出阳性血清样本54份,阳性率为15%,两种酶联免疫吸附试验检测均无阳性血清样本,表明延平区的猪场未存在布病感染的风险,在3种检测方法中,RBPT操作简单、灵敏性高,但假阳性率高,而ELISA特异性最好。     

两种诊断制品对临床样品中布鲁氏菌抗体的检测比较

本研究以国家标准《动物布鲁氏菌病诊断技术》(GB/T 18646-2018)中的试管凝集试验方法为确诊金标准,对353份临床牛、羊和猪血清样品进行确诊,然后分别采用虎红平板凝集试验抗原和抗体检测试纸条,对该353份临床血清进行检测,比较两种诊断制品在布鲁氏菌病初筛中的差异。经统计分析发现,虎红平板凝集试验抗原敏感性为100%(23/23),特异性为97.88%(323/330),与确诊结果间的Kappa值为0.86;布鲁氏菌抗体检测试纸条敏感性为100%(23/23),特异性为99.39%(328/330),与确诊结果间的Kappa值为0.95,两种方法的重复性试验结果均一致。试验结果证明,布鲁氏菌抗体检测试纸条和布鲁氏菌虎红平板凝集试验抗原都能满足布鲁氏菌病初筛的需求;由于布鲁氏菌抗体检测试纸条的储存、运输和操作的便捷性,在部分地区或特殊环境下可替代布鲁氏菌虎红平板凝集试验抗原用于布鲁氏菌病初筛。     

临床就诊犬布鲁氏菌病血清学调查

1绪论犬布鲁氏菌病是由布鲁氏菌侵入机体引起的传染变态反应性人畜共患传染病,国内外均有犬感染该病的报道。犬布鲁氏菌病的检测主要采用国际标准中规定的虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)、试管凝集试验(SAT)和补体结合试验(CFT)[1]。这些方法具有敏感性高、特异性强的特点。但由于试管凝集试验和补体结合试验操作繁琐、费时,抗原、血清用量较大,试管、吸管反复刷洗,在标本量大的布鲁氏菌病     

鲁山县尧山白山羊3种疫病血清学调查

研究旨在掌握河南省鲁山县尧山白山羊常见疫病流行情况,为进一步防控疫病提供基础数据。应用虎红平板凝集试验、试管凝集试验、ELISA试验和正向间接红细胞凝集试验对鲁山县不同羊场共563份血清样品进行了布鲁氏菌病、副结核病流行学和O型口蹄疫免疫抗体监测。结果表明:鲁山县尧山白山羊O型口蹄疫抗体效价合格率94.49%;副结核病阳性率7.28%;应用虎红平板凝集试验和试管凝集试验诊断布鲁氏菌病,阳性率分别为3.55%和3.02%,两种方法检测阳性率差异较小。说明布鲁氏菌病和副结核病在被调查羊群中广泛流行,应引起养殖户和相关防疫部门的重视;山羊O型口蹄疫免疫与防制工作较为有效,但仍需提高警惕。     

猪乙型脑炎乳胶凝集试验与血凝抑制试验方法的比较

用血凝抑制试验 (HI)和乳胶凝集试验 (LAT)两种方法检测乙型脑炎弱毒疫苗免疫猪血清 ,结果均呈阳性反应。用LAT对来自 12个猪场的 94份猪血清进行了乙型脑炎病毒 (JEV)抗体检测 ,并与HI进行了对比 ,两种方法检测结果阳性符合率和总符合率分别为 90 .3% (5 6 /6 2 )和 88.3% (83/94 ) ,两种方法检测结果差异不显著 (p >0 .0 5 )。对来自无乙型脑炎的 12头健康猪血清进行检测 ,两种方法检测结果均为阴性。结果表明 ,用LAT与HI检测乙型脑炎结果符合 ,前者更为简便和实用。     

乳胶凝集试验与血清中和试验检测猪伪狂犬病血清抗体的 …

应用血清中和试验（ＳＮＴ）和伪狂犬病乳胶凝集试验（ＬＡＴ）诊断试剂盒对两种伪狂犬病是性血清、伪狂犬病病毒（ＰＲＶ）高兔血甭及６０份被检猪血清进行了ＰＲＶ抗体效价测定和相关性分析,两种方法测得的抗体效价之间呈强相关性（ｒ＝０．９６）,且ＬＡＴ效价比ＳＮＴ一般高出一个滴度;能干为自３５个猪场的４１４份猪血清进行了ＰＲＶ抗体检测,并与ＳＮＴ检测结果进行了对比,结果在ＳＮＴ检测为阳笥的１７１份血清中,ＬＡ     

Rapid detection of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Peste des Petits Ruminants</Emphasis> (PPR) virus antigen in Sudan by agar gel precipitation (AGPT) and haemagglutination (HA) Tests

AGPT and HA tests were employed for rapid diagnosis of PPRV infection in sheep and goats in Sudan. Forty lymph nodes and spleen samples from suspected cases of PPR in both sheep and goats were examined by AGPT and HA tests for detection of PPRV antigen. Viral antigen was detected from (77.5%) of the samples tested by AGPT and (92.5%) tested by HA test. The results of both tests revealed that HA test was more sensitive than AGPT for detection of PPRV antigen (Kappa statistics 0.4366). Another advantage of the HA test over AGPT was that it can differentiate PPRV from RPV. Thus the HA test represents a quick, easy, simple, cheap and reliable confirmatory test for the diagnosis of PPR and differential diagnosis of PPRV and RPV. The HA test was carried out using chicken, goat and pig RBCs. Chicken RBCs were found to be the most sensitive for detection of PPRV antigen, followed by goat then pig RBCs. The HA time when using chicken RBCs was 20–25 minutes, using goat RBCs was 25–30 minutes and using pig RBCs was 40–45 minutes. The distribution of PPR infection in four different regions of Sudan was investigated.     

Precision of estimated QTL positions in granddaughter designs using combined haplotype sharing TDT and linkage analysis

The aim of this study was to develop the linear haplotype sharing transmission disequilibrium test (LHS-TDT) method and combine this method with the simple regression method to estimate the precision of QTL positions in granddaughter designs. This precision was determined by Monte Carlo simulation in granddaughter designs. A single bi-allelic QTL at the midpoint of a linkage group and 26 markers with 1 cM intervals and with two alleles each were simulated. Three linear models, (i.e. the simple regression model, the linear haplotype sharing TDT method and the combination of these two models) were compared. The mean of absolute differences (A) between the estimated and true QTL position of each method was considered for six different scenarios consisting of combinations of a number of markers and the most frequent haplotypes. The mean of A, using the simple regression method, was 4.38 centimorgan (cM). The means of A using the LHS-TDT method were less than the simple regression method in all scenarios and ranged from 1.86 to 3.82 cM depending on the scenario. The mean of A using the combined method was more than the LHS-TDT method and less than the simple regression method. The means of A using the combined method ranged from 2.32 to 4.36 cM. Therefore, for populations similar to those population simulated in this study, the LHS-TDT was better than the simple regression method and the combined method for precision of estimated QTL position in granddaughter designs.     

抗氰新药—对-二甲氨基苯酚致突变性实验研究

在测定对-二甲氨基苯酚(4-DMAP)急性毒性和蓄积毒性的基础上,采用Ames试验、小鼠骨髓微核试验和精子形态试验,对4-DMAP的致突变性进行了研究。Ames试验结果表明,无论加入代谢活化系统与否,标准平皿掺入法和预培养法均不能检出4-DMAP的致突变性,4-DMAP在400μg/皿剂量时,对测试菌株有明显毒性作用,而加入的代谢活化系统显示对4-DMAP的解毒作用。小鼠骨髓微核试验表明,无论是采用一次性给药,还是采用两次性给药,在给药后一定时间内均未见实验组的微核率高于阴性对照组(P>0.05)。小鼠精子形态试验表明,实验组的精子畸形率明显高于阴性对照组(P<0.01),并呈现剂量反应关系。     

抗真菌药安特芬的小鼠微核试验与精子畸形试验研究

采用小鼠精子畸形试验和微核试验,对安特芬(特比萘芬)进行体内致突变性评价。微核试验:小鼠32只分4组(阴性组、阳性组、治疗量组、2倍治疗量组),连续两次灌胃,间隔24 h,末次灌胃6 h后处死小鼠,取股骨制成骨髓涂片,Gimsa染色,读取微核率;精子畸形试验:雄性小鼠32只分4组(阴性组、阳性组、治疗量组、2倍治疗量组),灌胃5 d,首次给药35 d后处死小鼠,取附睾制片,读取精子畸形率。试验结果显示,安特芬试验组小鼠微核发生率与阴性对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05),而阳性对照组微核发生率极显著高于阴性对照组(P＜0.01);安特芬试验组小鼠精子畸形率与阴性对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05),阳性对照组精子畸形率极显著高于阴性对照组(P＜0.01)。研究结果表明,新药安特芬在推荐剂量下无体内致突变作用。     

中药常山散的体外抑菌作用研究

试验旨在研究中药常山散的体外抑菌活性。分别采用试管二倍稀释法联合琼脂平板稀释法及营养琼脂稀释法对选用的12种致病菌进行抑菌试验,测定最低抑菌浓度（MIC）,进行抗菌作用量效关系研究,并通过牛津杯法观察药物抑菌效果。试管二倍稀释法联合琼脂平板法结果表明,常山散对链球菌属和芽孢杆菌的抑菌效果较强,MIC在15.6~62.5 mg/mL之间;对金黄色葡萄球菌和肠杆菌有较弱的抑菌作用,MIC在250~500 mg/mL之间;对真菌的抑菌作用最弱,MIC值 > 500 mg/mL,其抑菌强度大小依次为：链球菌属、芽孢杆菌、肠杆菌、真菌。营养琼脂稀释法结果表明,常山散对变形杆菌、白色念珠菌及黑曲霉具有一定的抑菌作用,MIC约为500 mg/mL,而对其他链球菌属、肠杆菌属及芽孢杆菌属细菌的抑菌效果较弱,MIC值均 > 500 mg/mL。牛津杯法抑菌活性研究结果显示,常山散药液（500 mg/mL）对12种菌均有一定的抑菌效果,但抑菌效果较弱,绝大多数抑菌环直径≤10 mm。牛津杯周围可见明显的药物作用圈,作用圈内细菌数量较其他部位明显减少。综合以上试验结果,中药常山散对常见致病菌均具有一定抑菌效果,但由于药物本身的特性及有效组分含量较低,其抑菌作用效果较弱。     

抗马立克氏病新品系选育第四代雏鸡MDV攻毒试验结果

F4雏鸡MDV攻毒试验结果显示,亲本父母代鸡均携带No614血型基因的选育试验组,60日龄死亡率显著低于不经血型基因选育的对照组(P＜0.05);其内脏器官组织肿瘤病变率也低于该对照组,但差异不显著(P＞0.05);选育试验组鸡的肝脏的肿瘤病变率仍显著低于血型基因选育对照组和非选育对照组鸡(P＜0.05).提示No614血型基因具有一定程度的马立克氏病(MD)抗性.     

Bacteriostatic Test in vitro of Traditional Chinese Medicine Radix Dichroa Powder on Common Pathogens

The purpose of this study was to indicate the antibacterial effect of traditional Chinese medicine Radix dichroa powder (RDP) in vitro. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of RDP for 12 pathogens were determined by two fold dilution method and agar dilution method, and the dose-effect relationship of antibiotic effect was studied, and the antimicrobial effect was also observed by Oxford-cup method. The results from two fold dilution method indicated that RDP had stronger inhibited effect to Streptococcus and Bacillus subtilis (MIC were from 15.6 to 62.5 mg/mL) than that of S. aureus (MIC was about 250 mg/mL), Enterobacteria (MIC was about 500 mg/mL) and fungi (MIC > 500 mg/mL); The results of agar dilution method showed that RDP had some antibacterial activities on Proteusbacillus vulgaris, Candida albicans And aspergillus niger, MIC was about 500 mg/mL, while it had weak antibacterial effect on other pathogens (MIC > 500 mg/mL). The results of Oxford-cup method showed that RDP (500 mg/mL) had some degree antimicrobial effect on pathogens, and the bacteria-inhibiting ring diameter of RDP not exceeded 10 mm, while drug-action ring was observed obviously around the Oxford-cup, and the number of bacteria was significantly decreased within the ring. In conclusion, RDP had some degree antibacterial effect on common pathogens, but the effects were not strong because of charicteristics of RDP itself and lower effective content.     

四种方法检测广西奶水牛结核病的比较

应用牛结核菌素对奶水牛进行牛结核病皮内变态反应的检测,然后对皮内变态反应阳性牛采样进行分离培养、γ-干扰素ELISA和聚合酶链反应检测,比较这四种检测方法的符合率。结果共对1850头奶水牛进行皮内变态反应检测,皮内变态反应阳性的奶水牛有78头,从78头反应阳性的奶水牛中分离鉴定为牛分枝杆菌的有2份,γ-干扰素ELISA方法检测为牛分枝杆菌阳性的有5份,PCR方法鉴定阳性的有4份;阳性检出率以变态反应为最高78/1850(4.21%),γ-干扰素ELISA方法为5/78(0.27%),PCR检测方法为4/78(0.21%),而分离培养为最低2/78(0.105%)。变态反应与分离鉴定的符合率最低,为0.105%;γ-干扰素ELISA方法、PCR方法与分离鉴定的符合率较接近,分别为40%和50%。γ-干扰素ELISA检测方法和PCR检测方法具有较好的特异性,可以作为变态反应检测的补充。