共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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本文用自制丙氨酸-ESR剂量计和西德辐射与环境研究中心(GSF)的丙氨酸-ESR剂量计,测量了北京市射线应用中心的~(60)Coγ辐射源(1.44×10~(16)Bq)辐照纸箱包装(913mm×555mm×460mm)产品箱时的吸收剂量分布,箱内模拟产品(报纸)的堆积密度为200ks/m~3,测量结果表明,产品箱內最大剂量D_(max)与最小剂量D_(min)之比分别为1.45(北京市辐射中心)和1.47(GSF),两者相差1.40%,在允许误差范围之内。 相似文献
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大豆品种间辐射敏感性差异机制的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用60_Coγ射线辐照13个大豆品种的种子表明,不同品种大豆的辐射敏感性存在明显差异。应用3~H-TdR掺入法研究受辐照种子浸种初期的DNA合成情况表明,受辐照的大豆种胚出现非S期DNA合成,即修复合成。品种间辐射敏感性差异与DNA修复合成有关,辐射敏感性高的品种DNA修复合成能力弱,辐射敏感性低的品种DNA修复合成能力强。 相似文献
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用六倍体小黑麦“黑杂266”作母本,3个春小麦品种“龙辐30138”、“龙麦11号”、“龙辐10271”为父本进行远缘杂交,杂交前用~(60)Coγ射线600—1600rad活体慢照射雄配子或雌配子。通过对受精过程的切片观察,授粉后6小时,辐照雄配子的有61.70%的胚囊解体,辐照雌配子的为70.00%,未经辐照的为59.38%。辐照处理明显提高了杂种的结实率,但是,结实率随剂量的增加而下降。试验表明,辐照雌配子和雄配子的适宜剂量分别为600rad和800rad,但不同品种间辐射敏感性有很大差别。辐照对杂种籽粒的完好率有明显提高。应用组织培养技术进行胚挽救,可使有胚无胚乳杂种种子获得幼苗。 相似文献
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中国粮食作物辐射诱变育种及其影响因素分析 总被引:11,自引:3,他引:11
本文通过辐射诱变育种成果生产函数模型的建立 ,分析了影响新品种产生的各种因素及其作用 ,得出了科研投资、人力资本和辐照设施是决定辐射诱变方法所育成新品种产量水平及推广面积的最重要因素。并得出了并非所有的从事辐射诱变育种的单位必须有辐照设施 ,国家仅需加强具有较强研究能力的从事辐射诱变育种研究单位的辐照设施投资 ,而将节省的经费用于诱变育种研究项目的投入 ,使更多的单位能够进行辐射诱变育种研究工作 ,增加选育出具有更优良变异材料的机会 相似文献
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为探明电子束辐照对醉泥螺的杀菌效果及辐照后醉泥螺感官品质与蛋白质营养价值的变化,为生食醉泥螺的辐照保鲜应用提供理论依据。以生食醉泥螺为研究材料,研究不同剂量电子束辐照对醉泥螺菌落总数、感官评分、蛋白质含量及其氨基酸组成的影响,并分析辐照后醉泥螺在冷藏和常温贮藏条件下的货架期变化。结果表明:1)经1~9 kGy剂量电子束辐照,醉泥螺的色泽和形态几乎没有变化,但7、9 kGy剂量组醉泥螺产生异味;2)辐照剂量越高,杀菌效果越好,当醉泥螺的初始菌落总数为1200 cfu/g时,菌落总数降至初始值10%所需的辐照剂量D10为3.46 kGy;3和5 kGy剂量的辐照对醉泥螺的抑菌效果明显,无论是冷藏还是常温贮藏,360 d内菌落总数均未超过5000 cfu/g;3)辐照对醉泥螺蛋白质含量无明显影响(P?0.05),不改变醉泥螺的限制性氨基酸种类,但经1、3、5 kGy辐照后,氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量及各必需氨基酸的氨基酸评分增加;4)结合电子束辐照对醉泥螺菌落总数及感官评分的影响,辐照剂量以3 kGy为宜,醉泥螺保质期冷藏条件下由对照组的5个月延长至12个月,常温条件下由对照组的不到1个月延长到3个月。该结果能为电子束辐照保鲜醉泥螺提供依据。 相似文献
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本文采用在硫酸铈(Ce~(4+))体系中,加入硫酸铜(Cu~(2+))的方法,改进铈(Ce~(4+))剂量体系的稳定性。实验测定Ce~(4+)/Cu~(2+)体系中,Ce~(4+)的摩尔吸光度5643±451.M~(-1).cm~(-1)。在150—4×10~4Gy范围内,用三种Ce~(4+)浓度,测定水深5厘米校准点的G(Ce~(3+))为2.20±0.04。研究表明,G(Ce~(3+))值随辐照温度的上升而线性下降,测得辐照温度修正系数为-(5.13±0.07)×10~(-3)/℃。在Ce~(4+)溶液体系中,加入0.1M Cu~(2+),使剂量体系趋于稳定。对非限束~(60)Coγ源,水中校准点吸收剂量不确定度±3.3%,重复性好于±2.5%。Ce~(4+)/Cu~(2+)适宜作为辐射加工中高剂量区的参考剂量计。 相似文献
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This paper describes a dosimeter system for measuring both the PAP (photosynthetically active photons) (400–700 nm) and ultraviolet-B (UVB) (280–320 nm) exposures in the supplemental UVB irradiation of field grown soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) plants. At the V2 growth stage, the dosimeters positioned at the same position and orientation as the trifoliate leaves of the plants that were measured received 12–38% more PAP and 5–82% more UVB than the unifoliate leaves. For the crop maturity stage, the plants exposed to high levels of UV irradiance (high UV treatment) received approximately 40% more UVB on a horizontal plane at the top of the plant canopy compared to the control group of plants (control treatments). For the other measurement sites over the plants that were orientated at 45° to the vertical in the north, south, east and west directions, the additional amount of UVB for the supplemental treatment compared to the corresponding sites for the plants in the control treatments varied between −39 and 37%, due predominantly to the shading provided by the other plants. Furthermore, the supplemental UVB changed the natural partitioning of UVB and PAP and the ratio of PAP to UVB over the plants. All these variations to the UVB and PAP over the plant canopy cannot be predicted by exposure measurement in the wavebands on a horizontal plane. Consequently, for the case of the complex topography of plants, the dosimeters described in this paper have the advantage of allowing the exposures to be measured simultaneously at multiple sites that are at any orientation. 相似文献
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Kevin A. Hughes Kerstin Scherer Petra Rettberg Pete Convey 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2006,38(6):1488-1490
In the Arctic, seasonal ozone depletion is resulting in periods of enhanced UV-B radiation at ground level while regional climate change is associated with increasing temperatures. These changes are likely to alter plant distribution, biodiversity and morphology, which may have knock-on effects for microbially driven biogeochemical cycling and other soil processes. Our study examined the transmission of solar UV radiation through arctic tundra plants using a portable UV radiometer and the DLR-biofilm biological UV dosimeter. A strong negative correlation was found between vegetation cover and UV transmission to the soil surface. Penetration of UV to the soil beneath tundra plants varied depending upon plant morphology, being greater through low creeping plants than cushion plants, grasses or mosses. UV transmission to the soil surface beyond the foliage edge also varied with plant morphology and the presence of flowers. 相似文献
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研究了60Coγ射线辐照螺旋藻粉的杀菌效果及对其主要营养活性成分、矿物质、维生素、氨基酸含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响。结果表明:经6.0 kGy辐照处理后,螺旋藻粉样品中微生物指标均达到国家标准。当剂量为4.0~8.0 kGy时,对螺旋藻中矿物质(除Se)和氨基酸含量无显著影响;螺旋藻中多糖含量随剂量增加有所增加,经6.0和8.0 kGy辐照后多糖分别增加了9%和27.2%;SOD、POD活性在辐照后有所降低,藻胆蛋白、藻蓝蛋白和维生素含量则明显下降;剂量达6 kGy以上时,藻胆蛋白和藻蓝蛋白含量显著低于对照;4.0、6.0、8.0 kGy剂量辐照后VC分别减少了40.6%、62.8%和14.1%,VA分别减少了36.3%、17.6%和17.0%,VE分别减少了25.8%、61.7%和52.6%。综合试验结果,提出螺旋藻粉辐照杀菌的适宜剂量范围为4.0~6.0 kGy。 相似文献