Physicochemical Interpretation of Acid‐Base Abnormalities in 54 Adult Horses with Acute Severe Colitis and Diarrhea

Background

The quantitative effect of strong electrolytes, pCO₂, and plasma protein concentration in determining plasma pH and bicarbonate concentrations can be demonstrated with the physicochemical approach. Plasma anion gap (AG) and strong ion gap (SIG) are used to assess the presence or absence of unmeasured anions.

Hypotheses

The physicochemical approach is useful for detection and explanation of acid‐base disorders in horses with colitis. AG and SIG accurately predict hyperlactatemia in horses with colitis.

Animals

Fifty‐four horses with acute colitis and diarrhea.

Methods

Retrospective study . Physicochemical variables were calculated for each patient. ROC curves were generated to analyze sensitivity and specificity of AG and SIG for predicting hyperlactatemia.

Results

Physicochemical interpretation of acid‐base events indicated that strong ion metabolic acidosis was present in 39 (72%) horses. Mixed strong ion acidosis and decreased weak acid (hypoproteinemia) alkalosis was concomitantly present in 17 (30%) patients. The sensitivity and specificity of AG and SIG to predict hyperlactatemia (L‐lactate > 5 mEq/L) were 100% (95% CI, 66.4–100; P < .0001) and 84.4% (95% CI, 70.5–93.5 P < .0001). Area under the ROC curve for AG and SIG for predicting hyperlactatemia was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.86–0.99) and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.83–0.99), respectively.

Conclusion and Clinical relevance

These results emphasize the importance of strong ions and proteins in the maintenance of the acid‐base equilibria. AG and SIG were considered good predictors of clinically relevant hyperlactatemia.     

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仔猪黄白痢防治的研究进展

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2010年-2014年猪流行性腹泻病毒S基因遗传进化分析

自2010年以来,随着猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)新毒株的出现,猪流行性腹泻(PED)开始在免疫猪群中流行,并迅速蔓延至国内多个省份,其发病率和病死率至今仍无法得到有效控制。为明确当前PEDV流行毒株的遗传变异情况,利用DNA Star、MEGA6等软件对2010年-2014年NCBI上已收录的319株PEDV S基因进行多序列比对,筛选出6个国家和地区的代表性毒株,并对各代表毒株、疫苗株、经典毒株的遗传进化关系、序列变化进行分析。遗传进化分析显示,进化树可分为G1、G2两大分支,其中多数流行毒株位于G1分支上,与较早的疫苗株及经典毒株遗传距离差异较大。除Chinju99和JS/HZ/2012两株经典毒株位于G1分支上外,其余所有的疫苗株和经典毒株均位于G2分支上。氨基酸序列比对结果显示,各流行毒株与经典毒株及疫苗株相比存在明显的变异位点,且主要集中于S1区的氨基端。结果表明,目前全球范围内广泛流行的PEDV毒株与经典毒株及疫苗株相比,其基因序列呈现出快速变异和进化的趋势,尽快从当前流行毒株中筛选出新的疫苗候选株将成为防控该病继续蔓延的关键措施之一。     

从幼鹿顽固性腹泻病料中检出牛病毒性腹泻——粘膜病病毒

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State‐of‐the‐Art‐Review: Immunomodulatory effects of opioids

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牛轮状病毒性腹泻的研究

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犊牛饲养过程中的腹泻问题

本文分别从西医和中医的角度把犊牛腹泻病归纳为营养性腹泻和传染性腹泻;乳伤泄泻、湿热泄泻和脾虚泄泻等类型.并对该病的临床症状、发病原因、预防措施、治疗方法等进行了较为详细论述,以期对实际生产具有全面的指导作用.