山羊转人乳铁蛋白基因成纤维细胞和乳腺上皮细胞单克隆的制备及扩大培养

[目的]为探索单个转基因阳性细胞快速扩大培养成为细胞克隆的技术体系。[方法]对转染人乳铁蛋白(Human lactoferrin,hLF)基因乳腺特异性表达载体pBLM-C1的单个山羊胎儿成纤维细胞(Fetal Fibroblasts,FF)和乳腺上皮细胞(Mammary Gland Epithelial,MGE)细胞进行克隆。在96孔板中,首先用3种浓度(V/V:0、50%和100%)的适应性条件培养基对单个转染细胞进行细胞单克隆的制备,进而把转染细胞单克隆与非转染细胞共培养进行扩大培养,neo基因被用于筛选基因,以PCR方法鉴定转染细胞基因组DNA。并对单克隆细胞进行染色体核型分析。[结果]与非适应性条件培养基相比,100%适应性条件培养基能够显著提高细胞单克隆存活率;与对照相比,转染细胞单克隆与非转染细胞共培养,显著提高了转染细胞单克隆扩大培养后的比率(FF:53.33%vs.10.00%;MGE:33.33%vs.6.670%),且明显缩短了扩大培养汇合时间(20～30 d);PCR鉴定结果表明,上述方法获得的克隆细胞整合有hLF目的基因;核型分析表明,大部分细胞克隆染色体正常。[结论]该研究可为分离转基因细胞、理想载体的插入及诊断提供一种可靠的方法,并能节省转基因动物生产的及费用时间。     

转人乳铁蛋白基因山羊乳腺上皮细胞的体外诱导表达

[目的]为了探索山羊乳腺上皮细胞体外诱导表达的技术体系,评价乳腺特异性载体效率及外源蛋白在细胞水平的表达情况。[方法]用含5mg/L胰岛素、5mg/L催乳素、1mg/L氢化可的松的DMEM/F12培养液对转染人乳铁蛋白基因的山羊乳腺上皮细胞进行体外诱导培养,每6h收集1次上清液。上清液浓缩后分别用SDS-PAGE和Westernblot检测外源蛋白的表达情况。[结果]诱导培养液中有目的蛋白表达,分子量约为42kD。[结论]该研究所用的山羊乳腺细胞诱导表达方法能够诱导山羊乳腺上皮细胞表达外源基因,这为人乳铁蛋白基因的异源表达与乳腺生物反应器的研究奠定了基础。     

Induced in vitro Expression of Human Lactoferrin in Goat Mammary Gland Epithelial Cell

[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the technical system of induced expression in vitro of goat mammary gland epithelial cell,and evaluate expression efficiency of mammary gland specific vector and foreign protein at the cell level.[Method]Goat mammary gland epithelial cell transfected by human lactoferrin gene was inducted by culturing in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 5 mg/L insulin,5 mg/L prolactin and 1 mg/L hydrocortisone.Supernatant was collected per 6 hours and concentrated.Expression situation of foreign protein were detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.[Result]There was target protein expression in the induced culture medium,which molecular weight was about 42 kD.[Conclusion]The method used in this study can induce goat mammary gland epithelial cell to express foreign gene,it lays a foundation for researching heterologous expression of foreign gene and producing mammary gland bioreactor.     

体细胞核移植法获得转人乳铁蛋白基因克隆山羊妊娠的研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study is to understand the effects of donor cell type,embryo stage,number and transfer position on the efficiency of goat transgenic clone.[Method] Using somatic cell nuclear transfer technology,the single goat fetal fibroblasts(GFF)and mammary gland epithelial cells(GMGE)harboring human lactoferrin(hLF)gene were transferred to the enucleated oocyte.Reconstructed karyoplast-cytoplast couplets were fused,activated,and cultured in vitro.Embryos at 2-8 cell stage were transferred into oviduct of synchronized recipients,and blastocysts were transferred into uterine horn.[Result] The pregnancy rate was similar between GFF and GMGE(oviduct transfer:26.47% vs.20.00%),and between oviduct transfer and uterine horn transfer(26.47% vs.25.00%)for GFF group;pregnancy rate in the group with the mean number of embryo transferred per recipient of 21.2 was significantly higher than in those the 5.93 group and 9.64 group(40.00% vs.26.67% and 21.43%).[Conclusion] These results indicate that pregnancy rate of goat transgenic clone couldn’t be affected by donor cell type,embryo stage and transfer position but be done by the number of embryo transferred per recipient.In addition,the study also suggests the feasibility of making transgenic goat using GMGE as donor cells.     

体细胞核移植法获得转人乳铁蛋白基因克隆山羊妊娠的研究

[目的]探讨供体细胞类型、移植胚胎发育阶段、数量及部位对山羊转基因克隆效率的影响。[方法]利用体细胞核移植技术将转染人乳铁蛋白基因hLF的山羊胎儿成纤维细胞(GFF)和乳腺上皮细胞(GMGE)移植到MII期去核卵母细胞内,经电融合、激活、体外培养后,2~8细胞期克隆胚被移植到同期发情山羊的输卵管内,囊胚被移植到子宫角内。[结果]GFF与GMGE的妊娠率相近(输卵管移植妊娠率分别为26.47%及20.00%);在GFF,输卵管移植的妊娠率与子宫角内移植妊娠率接近(分别为26.47%及25.00%),输卵管移植胚胎平均数为21.2组的妊娠率显著高于5.93组和9.64组(40.00%及26.67%,21.43%)。[结论]供体细胞类型、移植胚胎的发育阶段及移植部位对山羊转基因克隆效率的影响不大,但对于输卵管移植,受体羊移植胚胎数量对妊娠率有明显的影响。此外,该研究还提示了利用成年羊乳腺上皮细胞制作转基因动物的可行性。     

体细胞核移植法获得转人乳铁蛋白基因克隆山羊妊娠的研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study is to understand the effects of donor cell type,embryo stage,number and transfer position on the efficiency of goat transgenic clone.[Method] Using somatic cell nuclear transfer technology,the single goat fetal fibroblasts(GFF)and mammary gland epithelial cells(GMGE)harboring human lactoferrin(hLF)gene were transferred to the enucleated oocyte.Reconstructed karyoplast-cytoplast couplets were fused,activated,and cultured in vitro.Embryos at 2-8 cell stage were transferred into oviduct of synchronized recipients,and blastocysts were transferred into uterine horn.[Result] The pregnancy rate was similar between GFF and GMGE(oviduct transfer:26.47% vs.20.00%),and between oviduct transfer and uterine horn transfer(26.47% vs.25.00%)for GFF group;pregnancy rate in the group with the mean number of embryo transferred per recipient of 21.2 was significantly higher than in those the 5.93 group and 9.64 group(40.00% vs.26.67% and 21.43%).[Conclusion] These results indicate that pregnancy rate of goat transgenic clone couldn't be affected by donor cell type,embryo stage and transfer position but be done by the number of embryo transferred per recipient.In addition,the study also suggests the feasibility of making transgenic goat using GMGE as donor cells.     

Pregnancies Resulting from Transgenic Embryos with Human Lactoferrin Gene Produced by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

[Objective] The aim of this study is to understand the effects of donor cell type,embryo stage,number and transfer position on the efficiency of goat transgenic clone.[Method] Using somatic cell nuclear transfer technology,the single goat fetal fibroblasts(GFF)and mammary gland epithelial cells(GMGE)harboring human lactoferrin(hLF)gene were transferred to the enucleated oocyte.Reconstructed karyoplast-cytoplast couplets were fused,activated,and cultured in vitro.Embryos at 2-8 cell stage were transferred into oviduct of synchronized recipients,and blastocysts were transferred into uterine horn.[Result] The pregnancy rate was similar between GFF and GMGE(oviduct transfer:26.47% vs.20.00%),and between oviduct transfer and uterine horn transfer(26.47% vs.25.00%)for GFF group;pregnancy rate in the group with the mean number of embryo transferred per recipient of 21.2 was significantly higher than in those the 5.93 group and 9.64 group(40.00% vs.26.67% and 21.43%).[Conclusion] These results indicate that pregnancy rate of goat transgenic clone couldn't be affected by donor cell type,embryo stage and transfer position but be done by the number of embryo transferred per recipient.In addition,the study also suggests the feasibility of making transgenic goat using GMGE as donor cells.     

利用SRY基因鉴定山羊胎儿成纤维细胞的性别

根据GenBank中已发表的山羊SRY基因和β-乳球蛋白基因序列设计2对PCR引物,对来自3个1月龄山羊胎儿成纤维细胞的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,分别以公羊、母羊的基因组DNA为阳性和阴性对照,同时对PCR产物进行序列测定和同源性分析。结果表明,阳性对照和GFF1细胞系有2条扩增带,阴性对照、GFF2和GFF3细胞系只有1条扩增带;序列测定结果表明,PCR扩增产物为SRY基因,利用该方法准确鉴定出1个雄性细胞系和2个雌性细胞系。     

转甜味蛋白Brazzein基因乳腺特异表达载体的山羊体细胞株筛选

[目的]建立通过山羊乳汁获取甜味蛋白Brazzein的方法.[方法]将前期工作中构建的Brazzein基因山羊乳腺特异表达载体STP-pBC1进行线性化,采用脂质体法转染山羊成纤维细胞,以期获得转基因阳性细胞.[结果]采用脂质体法转染山羊成纤维细胞后,通过最适G418浓度（400 μg/ml）筛选获得转基因阳性细胞;转基因阳性细胞形态呈现梭形且核仁清晰,其生长曲线呈现正常的“S”;转基因阳性细胞经冷冻复苏后,仍呈现与冷冻前新鲜转基因细胞相似的形态和生长曲线;PCR鉴定结果表明,STP-pBC1已整合入转基因细胞的基因组中.[结论]成功获得乳腺特异的转甜味蛋白基因Brazzein的山羊成纤维细胞株.     

hLF转基因羊繁殖、遗传与表达稳定性

【目的】分析转基因对人乳铁蛋白（human Lactoferrin,hLF）转基因羊繁殖性能的影响,及转基因在不同世代中的遗传与表达稳定性。【方法】应用自主研发的原代hLF转基因山羊（G0代公羊）建系,与普通奶山羊常规交配获得F1代;F1代公羊与F1、F2代母羊或普通奶山羊（N）交配获得F2代;F2代公羊与F2代母羊交配获得F3代。分别采用PCR和ELISA方法对其后代个体进行整合与表达鉴定;统计各世代不同配种方式所获得的后代数量、转基因整合率、母羊受胎率、羔羊异常率等繁殖性能数据。【结果】经过多个繁殖周期,各世代转基因羊受胎率、产羔率等繁殖性状均正常。获得F1代hLF羊19只,转基因整合率为24.7%（19/77）;F2代hLF羊86只,其中通过（F1♂×N♀）交配方式获得的是62只,转基因整合率为33.2%（62/187）;通过（F1♂×F1♀）交配方式获得hLF羊16只,转基因整合率为76.2%（16/21）;通过（F1♂×F2♀）交配方式获得hLF羊8只,转基因整合率为34.8%（8/23）;获得F3代hLF羊9只,转基因整合率为52.9%（9/17）。ELISA方法测定F1、F2、F3代羊泌乳20周乳汁中hLF的表达发现,hLF在转基因羊乳汁中稳定表达,3个世代hLF羊乳中的平均表达量分别为351.75、340.00和326.25 μg•mL-1。【结论】hLF基因的转入未对转基因羊群的繁殖性能产生显著影响,hLF基因能在山羊群体世代间稳定遗传和表达。     

西农萨能羊乳腺脂肪酸合酶基因exon 9-15的克隆与序列分析

【目的】山羊FAS基因exon 9-15编码的乙酰/丙二酸单酰基转移酶（acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA transacylases,AT/MT）区域对山羊乳短、中链脂肪酸的合成起重要调控作用。本研究针对西农萨能羊乳腺FAS基因exon 9-15进行克隆和序列分析。【方法】以处于泌乳期28 d的西农萨能羊乳腺组织mRNA反转录的cDNA为模板,通过RT-PCR方法首次扩增出西农萨能羊乳腺FAS基因exon 9-15的cDNA序列全长及exon 8 的3′端和exon 16 的5′端部分cDNA序列（GenBank收录号为DQ 915966）,并对其进行了同源性分析和功能预测。【结果】克隆片段全长1 449 bp,其中包括exon 9-15共1 388 bp、exon 8的3′端9 bp和exon 16 的5′端52 bp,编码483个氨基酸,包含编码的AT/MT区域951 bp（454～1404 nt）;西农萨能羊乳腺FAS基因exon 9-15与牛（NM_001012669）,人（NM_004104）,大鼠（NM_017332）和鸡（NM_205155）核苷酸序列相似度分别为95%、85.7%、82.7%、73.2%,氨基酸相似度分别为92.9%、77.7%、82.3%、64.7%;exon 10较其它物种缺失1个氨基酸。【结论】克隆获得西农萨能羊FAS基因片段全长1 449 bp,外显子9-15大小分别为463、185、190、95、135、204和116 bp;核苷酸及氨基酸序列与牛相应序列的同源性均高于其它物种;AT/MT区域的活性位点在各物种间均为高度保守的丝氨酸,但西农萨能羊exon 10较其它物种缺失1个氨基酸,这可能对AT/MT区域的空间构象及其生理功能产生重要影响。本研究为西农萨能羊FAS基因cDNA全长克隆以及基因功能研究奠定了重要基础。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒结构蛋白GP5-M腺病毒载体的构建及其在山羊乳腺中的表达

猪繁殖与呼吸综合症(PRRS)是严重威胁养猪业的病毒性疾病,疫苗免疫是预防该病的最有效途径,PRRSV糖蛋白GP5和基质蛋白M融合后制成的基因工程疫苗能够有效激发机体产生免疫应答。通过在GP5和M基因的5′端依次加上组氨酸标签序列、信号肽序列,利用Linker(GP)序列将GP5和M基因连接构建融合表达GP5和M蛋白的重组质粒pMD18T-SignalP-His-GP5-M。以该质粒为模板,构建重组腺病毒载体并包装腺病毒。结果表明,用包装的腺病毒感染乳腺上皮细胞,测得最佳感染复数(MOI)为25,定量PCR和Western blot方法均检测到GP5-M的表达。大量扩增腺病毒并使用不连续氯化铯浓度梯度离心纯化病毒,使用纯化的病毒灌注山羊乳腺,采用Western blot在收集的乳汁中也检测到GP5-M蛋白的表达。结果证实,利用腺病毒载体作为基因转导的媒介,在山羊乳腺中可以表达GP5-M融合蛋白。     

太行黑山羊成纤维细胞系建立与生物学特性研究

以太行黑山羊耳缘组织为材料,采用组织块直接培养法和细胞冷冻技术构建了成纤维细胞系,并进行了细胞活力测定生长动力学观察、微生物污染间检测、染色体标本制备、同功酶分析及生物学研究。结果表明：细胞群体倍增时间（PDT）约为24h;细胞染色体中二倍体（2n=60）占主体,镜检细胞的百分比为98．2％;乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、苹果酸（MDH）脱氢酶同工酶分析,没有其他物种污染;细菌、真菌、病毒、支原体检测阴性。该细胞库的各项指标均达到ATCC细胞系鉴定标准。此项研究不仅在细胞水平上保存了这一重要畜禽品种的种质资源,而且亦为其基因组和后基因组及体细胞克隆等研究提供宝贵实验材料。同时,此技术平台的建立必将为其他畜禽遗传资源细胞水平的保存提供技术与理论支撑和保障。     

贵州黑山羊和黔北麻羊MSTN基因DraI酶切多态性分析

以贵州黑山羊和黔北麻羊为材料,根据山羊MSTN基因序列(GenBank登录号:EF588035)设计1对引物,用PCR-RFLP法对该序列进行多态性分析。结果表明:PCR扩增片段207 bp处存在TTTTA的插入,导致出现1个DraI酶切多态性位点,黑山羊纯合野生型(AA)为优势基因型,杂合型(AB)和纯合突变型(BB)为非优势基因型,A等位基因为优势基因;黔北麻羊纯合野生型(CC)为优势基因型,杂合型(CD)和纯合突变型(DD)为非优势基因型,C等位基因为优势基因。     

Construction of Antibacterial Peptide CecropinB Eukaryotic Recombinant Vector and Its Expression in Dairy Goat Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells

To investigate the expression of antibacterial peptide CecropinB cDNA in dairy goat mammary gland epithelial cells,the CecropinB gene was cloned and was inserted into a eukaryotic vector pECFP-C1 to construct the recombinant plasmid pECFP-B by genetic engineering technique.Recombinant plasmid pECFP-B was transfected into dairy goat mammary gland epithelial to detect the bactericidal activity of CecropinB.The expression of CecropinB was also detected.The result of RT-PCR demonstrated CecropinB gene was expressed in transfected cells.CecropinB recombinant plasmid DNA was injected into udders and CecropinB was expressed in mammary gland,exhibiting bactericidal activity to Staphylococcus aureus in vivo experiments.     

麦洼牦牛乳腺上皮细胞系的建立及其生物学特性

为建立麦洼牦牛乳腺上皮细胞的体外培养方法,采用组织块贴壁法及Ⅰ型胶原酶消化法,从麦洼牦牛乳腺组织中成功分离并获得纯化的乳腺上皮细胞,并利用细胞角蛋白18的免疫荧光染色对乳腺上皮细胞进行鉴定。通过细胞生长曲线、群体倍增时间、细胞接种存活率、细胞活力等生物学特性的检测,建立并鉴定麦洼牦牛乳腺上皮细胞系。结果显示,乳腺细胞形态良好,细胞接种存活率达91%,群体倍增时间26.97h,细胞生长曲线呈典型"S"型,细胞传至25代以上仍保持旺盛的增殖活力。可见,通过对细胞传代及反复冻存和复苏已成功建立麦洼牦牛乳腺上皮细胞系,获得大量的乳腺上皮细胞,使麦洼牦牛物种在细胞水平上得以保存,为建立牦牛乳腺生物反应器及泌乳调控机制研究提供基础。     

重组人乳铁蛋白对原代肝·肾细胞的毒性研究

[目的]通过模拟肝、肾毒性的体外细胞试验,研究重组人乳铁蛋白是否对小鼠原代肝肾细胞具有毒性作用,为其进一步的安全性评价提供依据。[方法]采用模拟体外消化试验所得的重组人乳铁蛋白消化产物及重组人乳铁蛋白为受试物,牛乳铁蛋白为对照,以小鼠原代肝、肾细胞为平台,用MTT法检测受试物对细胞活性的半数抑制浓度（IC50）,研究细胞毒性剂量一反应关系。[结果]在设定的试验条件下,未发现重组人乳铁蛋白对肝、肾细胞存在靶毒性,结果能与已进行的亚慢性毒性试验相互印证。[结论]为重组人乳铁蛋白的进一步安全性评价及其他转基因食品的安全性评价方法提供了参考。     

重组人乳铁蛋白对原代肝、肾细胞的毒性研究

[目的]通过模拟肝、肾毒性的体外细胞试验,研究重组人乳铁蛋白是否对小鼠原代肝肾细胞具有毒性作用,为其进一步的安全性评价提供依据。[方法]采用模拟体外消化试验所得的重组人乳铁蛋白消化产物及重组人乳铁蛋白为受试物,牛乳铁蛋白为对照,以小鼠原代肝、肾细胞为平台,用MTT法检测受试物对细胞活性的半数抑制浓度（IC50）,研究细胞毒性剂量-反应关系。[结果]在设定的试验条件下,未发现重组人乳铁蛋白对肝肾细胞存在靶毒性,结果能与已进行的亚慢性毒性试验相互印证。[结论]为对重组人乳铁蛋白的进一步安全性评价及其他转基因食品的安全性评价方法提供了参考。     

人溶菌酶基因真核表达载体构建及其在牛乳腺上皮细胞中的表达

构建真核表达载体pEGFP-C1-hLYZ,并从基因水平研究人溶菌酶基因在体外培养的牛乳腺上皮细胞中的表达,为核移植提供转基因供体细胞.采用PCR的方法从人溶菌酶质粒中扩增854 bp人溶菌酶基因(包括完整的编码框446 bp).并克隆到pMD18-T载体上,用限制性内切酶Hind Ⅲ和BamHⅠ双酶切.将人溶菌酶基因的酶切片段(883 bp)定向克隆到pEGFP-C1的多克隆位点中,构建重组表达质粒pEGFP-hLYZ,并进行Hind Ⅲ和Bam HI双酶切鉴定.转染体外培养的牛乳腺上皮细胞,48 h后观察其表达情况.PCR检测溶菌酶基因的表达.成功构建了人溶菌酶真核表达载体,观察到表达绿色荧光蛋白的牛乳腺上皮细胞,并检测到溶菌酶基因.