基于RFID和二维码技术的新疆哈密瓜溯源系统

通过建立基于RFID(射频识别技术)和二维码技术的新疆哈密瓜溯源系统,使新疆哈密瓜等特色农产品的质量得到保障,并提升其品牌价值。以新疆哈密瓜为例,将数据库技术、.NET技术和ASP等技术相结合,设计了基于RFID和二维码技术的新疆特色农产品溯源系统。该系统详细记录了新疆哈密瓜在种植、采购、包装、流通和销售各个环节的信息数据,实现了溯源。该系统的建立有助于加强政府部门对农产品质量安全的监管,使消费者了解农产品的生产和运输等信息,宣传和提升了新疆哈密瓜的品牌价值,为新疆其他特色农产品的溯源系统建立提供了成功范例。     

RFID中间件在肉牛养殖溯源系统中的应用

在基于RFID技术的养殖溯源系统中,RFID读写设备的标准不一致、读取频率高、数据重复率高等问题直接影响了溯源系统的应用及扩展。为此,将RFID中间件应用于肉牛养殖溯源系统中。在研究肉牛养殖溯源流程和RFID中间件的功能基础上,提出并设计了由边缘层、数据层、应用层组成的3层结构的RFID中间件,实现了数据信息的平滑处理、重复过滤、聚集和分组,同时为后续的屠宰、运输、销售等环节提供了数据支撑与服务。     

基于Android和QR码的有机蔬菜溯源系统开发与应用

为了解决有机蔬菜安全信息不对称的问题,提出了一种基于Android和QR码的有机蔬菜溯源系统,实现了有机蔬菜产地和流通信息的共享,并设计了整套基于PLC控制的有机蔬菜自动溯源分拣机械。通过分析RFID技术在食品溯源应用,参考目前技术成熟的QR码和Android手机,对有机蔬菜质量溯源系统和分拣机进行了总体设计。综合分析各种形式的QR码,选用了矩阵式二维QR码,作为溯源系统识别的二维码,并利用Arnold和DCT图像变换技术对二维码进行加密,保证了QR码的可靠性。为了实现自动分拣和QR的自动生成,采用PLC控制对整套分拣机设备进行了优化,实现了根据不同颜色类别和形状进行分级别生成QR码功能,提高了有机蔬菜溯源系统的自动化程度。     

新疆生鲜农产品质量安全溯源系统的设计--基于．NET 技术

为了应对国际贸易中的绿色壁垒,促进新疆农业的信息化和产业化发展,并为新疆生鲜农产品安全消费提供保障,加强生鲜农产品的质量安全管理,利用Visual C＋＋．NET 面向对象编程技术和 SQL Server 2008关系型数据库技术,采用 RFID技术及其对应的EAN/UCC 条码技术等标识方法,构建了新疆生鲜农产品的全程质量监控体系,完成了基于．NET的新疆安全生鲜农产品溯源系统的设计。该系统能对生鲜农产品的质量进行溯源与跟踪,也可以实现系统内各企业之间的信息共享。     

基于安卓衢州特产柑橘质量安全溯源系统设计与实现

当下各种食品安全屡屡爆光于公众视野后,消费者对食品的质量安全产生了担忧。传统以RFID技术为主的质量安全溯源系统,由于昂贵的硬件投入与条形码识别需专用的仪器,渐渐被以二维码为电子标签的移动溯源技术所替代,伴随手机的普及与微信的广泛使用,开发基于安卓系统的衢州特产柑橘质量安全溯源系统对衢州柑橘的推广和监管尤为重要和迫切,该系统对柑橘在生产、加工、仓储、物流、销售等环节的关键信息进行采集,在后台产生追溯码,批量打印后,贴在产品上,消费者用微信扫描二维追溯码即可完成对商品的溯源。     

基于数据网格的RFID农产品跟踪与追溯系统研究

农产品质量安全是影响国计民生的重大问题.为此,首先分析了农产品质量全程追溯系统流程与可追溯单元架构,进而提出了以数据网格与RFID相结合的方式构建基于数据网格的RFID农产品质量跟踪与追溯系统,并阐明在数据网格环境中RFID跟踪与追溯系统的实现与部署.最后,讨论了基于数据网格的RFID农产品质量追踪与追溯的应用前景及意义.     

基于区块链的农产品质量安全可信溯源系统研究

为解决现有农产品质量溯源系统存在的数据中心化存储、数据易篡改和数据信任等问题,以及保障农产品质量安全、维护消费者权益和提高生产企业品牌竞争力,在分析农产品产业链业务流程和区块链关键技术的基础上,设计了农产品可信溯源区块结构,确保农产品溯源数据不可伪造和安全可信;提出了“On-Chain+Off-Chain”农产品质量安全溯源信息协同管理存储策略,解决农产品溯源区块链网络中各节点数据存储压力大、查询效率低和数据爆炸等问题;采用Kafka共识机制实现多主体参与的共识操作,提供实时数据高吞吐量和低延时的处理能力;制定了农产品溯源智能合约规则集和合约触发条件,确保农产品数据的可靠性和溯源平台的公信力;基于Hyperledger Fabric区块链平台研制了农产品质量安全可信溯源系统,并对红茶产品质量安全溯源进行验证分析。结果表明,本文研制的农产品质量安全可信溯源系统,解决了农产品产业链生产、加工和流通多节点之间数据安全和溯源信息真实可信等问题,取得了较好的应用效果。     

基于区块链的农产品质量安全可信溯源系统研究

为解决现有农产品质量溯源系统存在的数据中心化存储、数据易篡改和数据信任等问题,以及保障农产品质量安全、维护消费者权益和提高生产企业品牌竞争力,在分析农产品产业链业务流程和区块链关键技术的基础上,设计了农产品可信溯源区块结构,确保农产品溯源数据不可伪造和安全可信;提出了“On-Chain+Off-Chain”农产品质量安全溯源信息协同管理存储策略,解决农产品溯源区块链网络中各节点数据存储压力大、查询效率低和数据爆炸等问题;采用Kafka共识机制实现多主体参与的共识操作,提供实时数据高吞吐量和低延时的处理能力;制定了农产品溯源智能合约规则集和合约触发条件,确保农产品数据的可靠性和溯源平台的公信力;基于Hyperledger Fabric区块链平台研制了农产品质量安全可信溯源系统,并对红茶产品质量安全溯源进行验证分析。结果表明,本文研制的农产品质量安全可信溯源系统,解决了农产品产业链生产、加工和流通多节点之间数据安全和溯源信息真实可信等问题,取得了较好的应用效果。     

基于区块链的红茶质量安全追溯系统开发及应用

为解决传统追溯过程中存在的数据安全性低、可信度低、供应链信息断链等问题。以红茶为研究对象,通过分析红茶生产、加工、储运、销售过程,研究信息采集、数据共享、隐私保护、产品溯源等质量安全追溯关键技术,构建基于区块链的红茶质量安全追溯系统。追溯数据上链时延为1.15 s,公开溯源数据查询时间为58.72 ms,隐私溯源数据查询时间为61.60 ms,能够满足红茶追溯过程数据上链存证、扫码溯源、供应链上下游共享需求。系统在广东省英德市红茶生产、加工企业进行应用示范,实现了各环节、各企业主体溯源信息的数据共享互通,确保了溯源数据真实性和安全性。     

基于RFID技术的中小型企业蔬菜溯源系统设计

我国现有的溯源蔬菜供应链一般由多家彼此独立且分散的中小型企业构成,溯源标签编码信息不统一,难以实现可全程追溯。为此,基于RFID技术设计了一种中小型企业蔬菜溯源系统,对蔬菜生产、物流、仓储、销售环节中的各企业采用统一的编码定义和数据库集中管理方式,保证了不同企业的标签信息一致性,实现了分散企业的统一监管。同时,基于C#语言和SQL Sever数据库进行了系统开发,实现了蔬菜溯源各个环节的管理功能。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。