ZigBee和线阵CCD技术在西藏智能温室中的应用

利用西藏地区太阳能丰富的优势,采用太阳能资源为主要供能方式,为智能温室系统构建基于Zig Bee协议的无线传感网络和nRF2401无线传感器的双层无线通信网络,以减少西藏地区有线布线成本和解决温室群控制问题。同时,在传统智能温室中结合线阵CCD技术,为智能温室系统提供实时、直观的作物生长状况数据,有效提高对温室内环境因素的监控效率及温室智能自动化控制程度,以满足现代化高效节约型农业的发展形势需求,以及西藏地区特定的地理环境对于农业自动化的需求。     

无线传感器网络在温室农业监测中的应用

针对传统温室农业数据采集系统存在的问题, 提出了一种使用无线传感器网络技术组建农业温室监控系统的设计方案,实现了作物生长环境的无线监控,解决了传统温室农业布线的繁琐性和局限性,为提高温室环境信息管理自动化程度和设施农业种植决策提供依据, 顺应传感器的无线化与网络化的趋势.     

基于Zigbee网络的温室环境监测系统设计

为了解决农业生产环境的监控成本高和监控设备不利于布线等问题,设计了基于Zigbee无线传感器网络的温室监测系统解决方案。通过无线传感器网络将收集到的数据进行分析处理、远程监控和环境报警,达到对温室精确控制目的,节约了成本,提高了生产效率。实验结果表明,系统的实用性和有效性较好。     

基于移动终端的远程温室控制系统

简述了一种结合Internet网络和嵌入式技术的远程温室监控系统。系统采用移动终端作为监控端,通过全球移动通信系统GPRS控制温室内的喷灌设备、通风设备和照明设备;移动终端可以通过Internet网络登录Cortex-A8信息处理器上构建的Web服务器BOA和网络视频服务器MJPG-streamer,实现实时视频监测温室现场。信息采集模块构建无线传感器网络,采集温室内的温度、湿度、光照强度、CO2浓度等参数信息,并将数据发送到Cortex-A8信息处理器,最终以HTML网页的形式显示在Android手机端。实验表明,系统真正实现了多温室远程移动监控,解决了传统温室监控系统受办公地点限制、需要人工现场操作及不够智能化的问题。     

基于WiFi的智能温室移动控制终端系统设计

为解决智能温室的有线终端设备难以布线的问题,本文提出基于WiFi的智能温室移动控制终端系统。移动终端采用Android智能手机(客户端),完成获取温室环境参数信息并以文本(txt)格式保存在手机的SD卡上和发送控制命令到控制器等操作,服务器主控芯片采用STM32。经测试,客户端可实时获取温室环境信息,并对温室设备做出控制。该设计为智能温室提供一种新颖、便捷、灵活的实施方案。     

基于手机APP的温室大棚温湿度自动控制系统设计

设计基于手机APP的温湿度传感器系统,避开在温室大棚布线不便的困扰,实现用户随时随地监控温室中的温湿度;采用基于ARM Cortex—M3内核的STM32系列单片机作为控制单元,通过WiFi实现与无线温湿度传感器无缝连接;搭建基于PC机嵌入式软件系统和专家控制系统,实现数据自动处理;设计温室大棚温湿度自动控制系统的Android移动客户端,可实时监控温室大棚的温湿度参数状况。     

基于物联网的智能温室远程监控系统设计

根据智能温室环境控制需要处理多种类型数据信息的要求,提出一种zigbee无线传感网络、WIFI无线通讯及工业以太网相混合的物联网系统方案。文章重点讨论方案中以Android为操作系统的移动终端的远程监控策略及具体实现方法。该方案经过实际验证能很好的满足智能温室的控制要求。     

温室通风设备状态监测系统设计与试验

根据现代温室监控和管理的需求,基于Android系统开发了温室设备的状态监控模块,采用CAN总线测控系统对温室内外环境数据进行实时采集并对温室环境设备进行控制.基于Android开发的系统软件具有远程监控的功能.根据摄像头提供的实时视频数据,对图帧间差分法和自相关函数法应用于温室风机停转状态的监测以及背景差分法和Can...     

北方日光温室远程视频监控系统设计

设计一款基于嵌入式Linux和3G网络技术的远程视频监控系统。该系统采用S3C2410嵌入式处理器和Linux操作系统,利用视频服务器软件,通过3G无线上网卡完成客户端与视频服务器的通信,可用于对农业温室作物生长状况进行监控。     

浅谈智能温室建设现状与发展前景

随着科技的迅猛发展,农业也在加速向现代化设施农业的方向发展。智能化温室是设施农业中的高级类型,拥有综合环境控制系统,亮点在于智能化、数字化管理,可稳定温室环境,利用该系统可以直接调节室内温、光、水、肥、气等诸多因素,可以实现蔬菜、花卉全年高产、稳步精细,经济效益好。基于此,研究小组介绍了智能温室的定义、技术和监控系统,分析了国内外智能温室发展现状,以北京世园公园生产温室为例,详细剖析了智能温室的应用情况,提出了进一步优化智能温室建设的建议,并探讨了智能温室的发展前景,以期为今后智能温室产业建设提供参考。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。