Clinical, cultural, and serologic observations of avian mycoplasmosis in two chicken breeder flocks.

Two chicken breeding flocks from different breeding lines were studied serologically and culturally for Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) throughout their growing and laying period. Infection was proven by successful isolation of MG from both breeders and progeny originating from these two flocks. Observations of these flocks which were serologically and culturally negative for Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) further disclosed that: 1) negative plate tests of large numbers of day-old progeny may sometimes be found in flocks known to be infected with MG; 2) it may be very difficult to isolate MG consistently from some infected flocks; 3) overgrowth of M. gallinarum may interfere with successful cultivation of MG; 4) a persistent breeder flock reactor rate of greater than 10-20% but less than 80-100% for a 4-to-12-week period is a strong indication of MG infection despite weak or negative MG hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test results; and 5) antibodies for all strains of MG may not react equally to the standard USDA MG-HI antigen.     

腺胃病变型鸡传染性支气管炎病毒变异株的比较研究

腺胃病变型鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）变异株Ｈ９５提纯样品经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔｉｎｇ,证明Ｈ９５株单抗ＤＥ７和Ｍ４１株单抗６ＤＨ８均能识别Ｈ９５株５４０００蛋白多肽。采用单抗、多抗介导间接ＥＬＩＳＡ试验表明,Ｈ９５毒株能与抗ＩＢＶＭ４１Ｎ蛋白单抗６ＤＨ８和ＩＢＶＭ蛋白单抗ＭＣ发生反应,也能与抗Ｍ４１、Ｇｒａｙ、Ｈｏｌｔｅ、Ｔ、Ｈ５２、Ｎ１１５和分离株Ｃ９００１、ＤＬＺ９１１１的多抗血清反应,同时抗Ｈ９５株的４株单抗、多抗血清也能与上述毒株反应。卵磷脂酶Ｃ处理的Ｈ９５株的血凝活性能被相应的Ｈ９５株的单克隆抗体和高免血清所抑制,也能被Ｍ４１单抗和高免血清所抑制。通过ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ获得了Ｈ９５毒株的免疫原基因Ｓ１,经Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔｉｎｇ和ＩＢＶ的Ｓ探针检测呈阳性。     

猪塞尼卡谷病毒单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

【目的】纯化猪塞尼卡谷病毒(Seneca Valley virus, SVV)SVV-CH-HB2016毒株,并制备其结构蛋白VP1、VP2和VP3的单克隆抗体。【方法】以蔗糖密度梯度离心法纯化的SVV-CH-HB2016病毒颗粒作为抗原,免疫BALB/c小鼠,取脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)进行细胞融合。通过间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)结合间接ELISA筛选阳性细胞株,制备能特异性分泌针对结构蛋白的杂交瘤细胞株。采用Western blotting和IFA方法分别检测单克隆抗体与重组表达蛋白及天然结构蛋白的反应性,并对单克隆抗体的病毒中和保护效果进行测定。利用空斑试验和实时荧光定量PCR方法探究中和性单克隆抗体对SVV-CH-HB2016毒株吸附过程的影响,最后用抗体相加试验来分析14株单克隆抗体的抗原表位。【结果】在蔗糖密度梯度为5%～45%(W/V)时获得了纯度较好、浓度较高的SVV-CH-HB2016毒株结构蛋白,免疫小鼠血清抗体效价均达到了1∶12 800,成功制备了17株能稳定分泌特异性单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。经验证14株单克隆抗体能与重组结构蛋白发生Western bl...     

鸡败血支原体GapA高变区在大肠杆菌中高效表达

本研究通过对鸡败血支原体(Mycoplasma gallisepticum,MG)强毒株黏附素GapA的N端(98aa～322aa)和C端(820aa～1 115aa)2个高变区进行克隆,并进行原核表达,制备获得抗GapA多抗,结果显示,GapAN获得高效表达,制备获得的抗体对MG黏附真核细胞有一定的抑制作用,这说明GapA对MG的黏附有着非常重要的影响.这一抗原成分的成功表达和抗体的制备为研制特异性单抗和筛选GapA缺失型突变株奠定了坚实的基础;并且利用不同毒株在GapA N端功能区的基因序列的明显差异,使基于该抗体建立新型快速的免疫学方法以鉴别MG强弱毒株亦将成为可能.     

一株针对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒NADC30-like毒株GP5蛋白的单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为获得针对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒NADC30-like毒株GP5蛋白的单克隆抗体,采用表达纯化的PRRSV NADC30-like毒株的GP5蛋白按常规方法免疫小鼠,采用间接免疫荧光方法筛选出1株阳性杂交瘤细胞（命名为3E10）,经3次亚克隆后制备腹水并进行纯化鉴定。结果显示：该杂交瘤细胞连续传代20代后细胞上清液的IFA效价仍不低于1:40。纯化后的单克隆抗体腹水浓度为0.204 mg/mL,亚类鉴定为IgM,且未发现有中和活性。特异性检测显示3E10单克隆抗体能与2株PRRSV NADC30-like毒株发生荧光反应,而与4株高致病性PRRSV疫苗毒株、2株经典株PRRSV疫苗毒株以及CSFV、PCV2、BVDV及Marc-145细胞均无荧光反应,显示出较好的应用前景。     

单抗免疫过氧化物酶技术检测鸡传染性支气管炎病毒

以抗鸡传染性支气管病毒（ＩＢＶ）核衣壳蛋白（Ｎ）的单抗株６ＤＨ８作为一抗,以辣根过氧化物酶标记的羊抗鼠ＩｇＧ作为二抗,建立了检测石蜡切片中ＩＢＶ抗原的单抗免疫过氧化物酶技术（Ｍｃ－ＩＰ）,并对人工攻毒鸡及临床ＩＢＶ感染疑似鸡进行了检测。在ＩＢＶＭ４１株人工攻毒鸡,用该技术于１～１２ｄ从气管、２～７ｄ从肾脏可以检测到ＩＢＶ抗原,阳性染色集中于气管粘膜上皮细胞及肾小管上皮细胞胞浆;临床疑为ＩＢＶ感染的病鸡,以Ｍｃ－ＩＰ技术和单抗免疫荧光试验（Ｍｃ－ＩＦＡ）同时进行检测,结果阳性率分别为９０．３％及８３．９％。     

Cross-reactive proteins among eight bovine mycoplasmas detected by monoclonal antibodies

Whole cell proteins of eight bovine mycoplasmas (M. bovoculi, M. bovis, M. dispar, M. bovirhinis, M. arginini, M. verecundum, M. canadense, M. alkalescens) were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose paper. Rabbit anti-M. bovoculi serum was found to react with immunoblots of all mycoplasma species tested. These cross-reactive proteins were in the range of 35,000-100,000 molecular weight. Monoclonal antibody MA25.5 developed against a M. bovoculi 94 kDa surface protein cross-reacted with a band of 62 kDa from M. dispar and three bands of 89, 85 and 74 kDa from M. arginini only while MA18.13 that recognized a band of 57 kDa from M. bovoculi did not react with the other species. The role of MA25.5 monoclonal antibody in inhibiting the growth of M. bovoculi, M. dispar and M. arginini was tested using the metabolic-inhibition (MI) test. Monoclonal antibody MA25.5 inhibited the growth of M. bovoculi and also inhibited M. dispar growth but at lower MI titers, while it showed no effect on the growth of M. arginini.     

Humoral immune response of turkeys to strain S6 and a variant Mycoplasma gallisepticum studied by immunoblotting.

Two putative variant Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) strains (M876 and M35), originally isolated from commercial turkeys, were compared with eight well-characterized MG strains by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). SDS-PAGE protein profiles indicated that the variant strains were correctly classified as MG based on homologous patterns in species-specific regions of the electrophoretic profiles. However, differences in protein profiles also indicated that variant strains M876 and M35 were different from each other and the other MG strains tested. Immunoblotting was used to assess the humoral immune response of turkeys to infection with the S6 reference strain or M876 variant strain of MG. Immunoblots using antisera to M876 showed that seroconversion to this isolate was slower, and to fewer MG proteins when compared with immunoblots using antisera to S6. Immunoblot analyses further indicated that pooled antisera from turkeys inoculated with either S6 or M876 reacted with each of 10 MG strains tested. However, pooled S6 antisera reacted with greater intensity and with more MG proteins than did pooled M876 antisera. The species-specific immunodominant proteins with the greatest potential for use as antigens in serologic tests appeared to be those of 64 (p64) and 56 (p56) kilodaltons molecular mass.     

Mycoplasma synoviae in a released pen-raised wild turkey.

Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) was isolated from the sinus of an adult female "wild-type" turkey found feeding with backyard chickens at a private residence in Randolph County, N.C. Clinical signs included sinusitis, dyspnea, emaciation, diarrhea, and nasal discharge. The bird was seropositive for MS and M. gallisepticum (MG) on the rapid plate agglutination test and had titers of 1:160 for MS and 1:20 for MG on the hemagglutination-inhibition test. Isolations of MS and M. gallopavonis were confirmed by the fluorescent antibody test. This case represents the first and only report of MS in a free-ranging "wild-type" turkey in the eastern United States. Behavioral and other evidence suggests that the bird was a released pen-raised turkey.     

抗猪瘟病毒单克隆抗体的制备及特性鉴定

将纯化后的猪瘟病毒免疫4只SPF级BALB/c小鼠,无菌取脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,经半固体培养基克隆化和间接ELISA筛选,最终获得了4株稳定分泌抗猪瘟病毒单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。ELISA结果显示4株单克隆抗体效价均较高,并与其他病毒及PK-15细胞培养物无交叉反应。Western blotting结果证实3株单克隆抗体可特异性识别猪瘟病毒。间接免疫荧光试验可在细胞膜内观察到特异性绿色荧光,表明3株单克隆抗体与猪瘟病毒具有良好的反应性。该研究为猪瘟病毒新型诊断试剂开发奠定了基础。     

新城疫病毒M蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为获得新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV） M蛋白单克隆抗体,本研究将编码该蛋白的基因克隆、表达并纯化重组蛋白,作为免疫原免疫小鼠,同时建立ELISA筛选方法对小鼠血清效价进行测定,筛选出血清抗体效价最高的小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,最终获得能稳定产生NDV M蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,并进行了抗体的免疫荧光、Western blotting、亚类的鉴定、杂交瘤细胞染色体计数、小鼠腹水制备及腹水内单克隆抗体效价测定。结果显示,PCR、重组质粒测序及双酶切鉴定正确,M基因大小约为1 095 bp。SDS-PAGE和Western blotting检测显示,试验成功表达了重组M蛋白,分子质量约为60 ku,且可与NDV阳性血清反应。建立的ELISA筛选方法中,重组M蛋白、His标签蛋白和抗体的最佳工作浓度分别为0.5 μg/mL、0.5 μg/mL和1∶256 000。抗体的免疫荧光、Western blotting、亚类的鉴定显示,杂交瘤细胞产生的抗体可与NDV SG10株及重组M蛋白特异性结合,其轻链为κ,重链为IgG2A。C9-G2、D3-F2杂交瘤细胞染色体计数结果分别为97和101条;杂交瘤细胞上清的ELISA检测效价均为1∶6 400,腹水的ELISA检测效价分别为1∶409 600和1∶102 400。本研究成功制备了NDV M蛋白的单克隆抗体,可为进一步研究M蛋白的功能提供工具。     

Preliminary serological characterization of bovine viral diarrhoea virus strains using monoclonal antibodies

Five monoclonal antibodies against the bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) viral strain NADL were isolated and characterized by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Extensive cross-reactions were detected when the antibodies were tested with 12 heterologous BVD and four hog cholera (HC) viral strains. One antibody reacted with all strains tested. Two antibodies were specific for cytopathogenic BVD viruses, but failed to react with HC virus. The other antibodies reacted to varying degrees with BVD and HC viral strains.     

Antigenic characterization of street rabies virus isolates from Nigeria using monoclonal antibodies

Twenty isolates of street rabies virus were recovered in mouse neutroblastoma cells from 84 rabies suspect brain specimens from Nigeria dogs and a cat. They were characterized with the Tübingen monoclonal antibody panels directed against nucleocapsid and glycoprotein antigens. Antigenic variations were detected both with antinucleocapsid (anti-NC) and antiglycoprotein (anti-GP) monoclonal antibodies (mabs). One isolate reacted positively with anti-NC mab P41 which hitherto has been known to react positively with polar rabies. Another isolate did not react with anti-NC mab 187.5; a reaction normally seen with ERA/SAD strains of rabies virus. With anti-GP mabs it was possible to group the isolates by their area of origin. Isolates from Plateau State were not neutralized by anti-GP mabs ERA 543 and P44.7.2. The isolates studied had glycoprotein antigenic patterns different from the pattern for low egg passage (LEP) Flury strain vaccine virus used in Nigeria for immunization of dogs.     

The distribution of bmpB, a gene encoding a 29.7 kDa lipoprotein with homology to MetQ, in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and related species

The distribution of the bmpB gene encoding BmpB, a 29.7 kDa outer membrane lipoprotein of the intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, was investigated. Using PCR, the gene was detected in all the 48 strains of B. hyodysenteriae examined and in Brachyspira innocens strain B256T, but not in 11 other strains of B. innocens nor in 42 strains of other Brachyspira spp. The gene was sequenced from B. innocens strain B256T and from 11 strains of B. hyodysenteriae. The B. hyodysenteriae genes shared 97.9-100% nucleotide sequence similarity and had 97.5-99.5% similarity with the gene of B. innocens strain B256T. Southern hybridisation indicated that bmpB was present on a 1.9 kb HindIII fragment of the B. hyodysenteriae genome and on a 3.1 kb fragment of the B. innocens B256T genome. The B. innocens lipoprotein did not react in Western blots with monoclonal antibody BJL/SH1 that reacts with the B. hyodysenteriae lipoprotein. The difference in binding with the monoclonal antibody may reside in the replacement of a serine residue with a tyrosine residue at base position 210 in the lipoprotein from B. innocens B256T. Comparison of the BmpB amino acid sequence with sequences in the SWISS-PROT protein database indicated that it has 33.9-39.9% similarity with the d-methionine binding proteins (MetQ) of a number of pathogenic bacterial species. The bmpB gene was confirmed to be the same as a gene of B. hyodysenteriae that was recently designated "blpA".     

Monoclonal antibodies that recognize specific antigens of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M. synoviae

The polypeptide profiles of the type strains of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (PG 31) and M. synoviae (WVU 1853) resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were compared. Except for a few discrete peptides that were similar, the species varied considerably in peptide profiles. Congruence was observed between the type strains of each species and homologous cloned serotypes. Protein blots of each species were probed with 2 mouse monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibody G 46 was specific for the antigen p 110 (G) in M. gallisepticum, and S 221 was specific for an antigen complex p 45-50 (S) in M. synoviae. The 2 monoclonal antibodies clearly distinguished between all serotypes of M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae that were examined by Western blot transfer. Autoradiographs of 125I-labeled M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae indicated that p 110 (G) and p 45-50 (S) were surface membrane peptides. Indirect immunofluorescence of M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae in Vero cell cultures supported the autoradiographic findings. The p 110 (G) antigen of M. gallisepticum was heat-stable, pronase-sensitive, and resistant to periodate oxidation, suggesting that its chemical composition is protein. In contrast, the p 45-50 antigen complex of M. synoviae appeared as a broad band in protein blots treated with monoclonal antibody S 221, was sensitive to pronase, and responded to Schiff's reagent but was not completely inhibited by periodate oxidation, suggesting that it is a complex of repeating sequences probably composed of glycosylated peptides.     

断奶仔猪源大肠杆菌F18菌毛的分子流行病学研究

利用F18菌毛a因子单克降抗体以及已建立的鉴定F18菌毛及其亚型的双重PCR法,对来自断奶仔猪水肿病和／或腹泻病例的60株VTEC、24株VTEC／ETEC以及24株ETEC的进行了F18菌毛检测,以了解F18ab^＋和F18ac^＋大肠杆菌在江苏省断奶仔猪群的分子流行病学。结果表明：通过F18菌毛a因子单克隆抗体,可检测出52株大肠杆菌为F18^＋,检出率为48．15％;而通过双重PCIL方法,共检测出63株大肠杆菌为F18^＋,检出率为58．33％,其中53株（49．07％）为F18ab^＋10株（92．6％）为F18ac^＋。另外还发现：在VTEC、VTEC／ETEC以及ETEC的菌株之间,这2种F18菌毛亚型的分子流行病学是不同的。在VTEC中,F18ab^＋,菌株37株（61．67％）,未发现F18ac^＋菌株;在VTEC／ETEC中,F18ab^＋菌株15株（62．50%）,F18ac^＋菌株8株（33．33％）;而在ETEC中F18ab^＋菌株只有1株（4．17％）,F18ac^＋菌株只有2株（8.33％）。以上数据表明：④PCR法检测F18菌毛优于单抗法;②F18菌毛是VTEC／ETEC、VTEC的重要致病因子,而在ETEC中则明显低于VTEC／ETEC和VTEC;⑧F18ab^＋菌株一般为SLT-IIe^＋,而F8ac^＋菌株一般为STI^＋。     

Identification and Serological Specificity of a Polysaccharide Component from Mycoplasma bovis

Whole-cell lysate and proteinase K digest preparations of the Mycoplasma bovis type strain (American Type Culture Collection 25523) were compared using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Coomassie blue staining for protein revealed approximately 50 bands for the lysate but only a single band for the digest. Silver staining for polysaccharide revealed at least 19 bands for the digest. Fourteen monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced using a screening procedure with an M. bovis digest. On immunoblots of digests of four M. bovis strains, an almost identical profile was seen with each strain for all 14 MAbs but differences were evident between strains. One MAb, M1557, was used to analyse 17 M. bovis strains on immunoblots. Ten to 20 bands were observed with 16 of the 17 strains, and differences were apparent among all 16 strains. In an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, M1557 reacted with 16 of the 17 M. bovis strains, but did not react with any of 41 non-M. bovis organisms tested. Strong reactions were observed with the MAbs and M. bovis colonies in immunofluorescence. The M. boris polysaccharide and MAbs to this component may be useful for the development of diagnostic assays for this organism.     

Production of a monoclonal antibody to canine thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and detection of TARC in lesional skin from dogs with atopic dermatitis

A monoclonal antibody to canine thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) was developed to examine the association of TARC with the immunopathogenesis of canine atopic dermatitis (AD). Recombinant canine TARC was prepared using an E. coli expression system. Results of transwell chemotaxis assay demonstrated that the recombinant canine TARC showed chemotactic activity for canine lymphoid cells expressing CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4). Mice were then immunized with the recombinant canine TARC to obtain monoclonal antibodies. Among the monoclonal antibodies thereby obtained, one monoclonal antibody (CTA-1) was found to react with both recombinant and authentic canine TARC in ELISA and flowcytometric assays, respectively. Immunohistochemical analysis using the monoclonal antibody CTA-1 demonstrated that keratinocytes were major TARC producing cells in lesional skin of dogs with AD.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因抗原区的原核表达及鉴定

本研究以鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)S1基因为研究对象,设计特异性引物扩增S1抗原集中区目的基因,长度为198 bp,亚克隆至原核表达载体pGEX-6P-1,构建重组原核表达质粒pGEX-6P-1-S1,转化至宿主菌Rosetta(DE3)后进行诱导表达。SDS-PAGE分析结果显示,表达获得1条特异性蛋白条带,其分子质量大小为33.0 ku,与预期蛋白大小一致。可溶性分析结果表明目的蛋白以包涵体形式存在。Western blotting结果显示,重组蛋白能与IBV鸡阳性高免血清反应,被GST标签单抗识别,结果表明该融合蛋白正确表达并具有良好的抗原性。本研究为制备IBV单克隆抗体奠定了抗原基础。