庆阳黄土高原试验站草地农业系统的初步分析

一、寻求新的农业发展道路石油农业引起的生态平衡破坏和生态资源的短缺,使世界农业面临着严峻的挑战。中心问题在于:常规高输入的农业生产造成了农田生态系统中最主要的自我维持能力,即生态系统中能量流通和物质循环的破坏。已知英国的高输入农业所消耗的能量是它生产能量的6倍(Blaxter,1976),美国所消耗的能量是它生产能量的10倍(Steinhart,1974)。英国粮食     

大力发展“白色农业”促进畜牧业发展

在对“农业”重新诠释时，包建中研究员将微生物、微生物发酵作为高科技含量新型农业的一个重要组成部门，将“白色农业”定义为“微生物资源产业化的工业型新农业”，把微生物发酵业作为“白色农业”的核心内容，微生物饲料的生产是“白色农业”发展的主导产业。工厂化生产是“白色农业”主要特征，属生物高科技工作。节水节土，洁净生产，是其又一巨大优势。微生物饲料的研究、生产和应用是“白色农业”的重要内容。一般可分为微生物饲料和微生物添加剂两大部分。１微生物饲料微生物饲料包括：单细胞蛋白饲料、菌体蛋白饲料、发酵糖化饲料…     

微生物与中国农业可持续发展

本文论述微生物与农业产业化结构、微生物与粮食生产、微生物与植物保护，以及微生物与生态环境之间的关系，指出发展微生物农业是21世纪我国农业实现可持续发展的必由之路。     

微生物在农业中的作用

微生物技术是现代生物技术的重要组成部分,它在农业资源开发、环境保护、产业化和结构优化等方面的作用日趋显著,使得农业系统更具生态合理性和功能的良性循环,微生物技术的不断进步及其在农业中广泛和深入的应用必将推动我国生态农业的发展和成熟。     

关于发展衡阳市生物农业的调查和思考

生物农业经过近20年的发展,现在已经开始进入大规模产业化的阶段。以现代生物技术如育种技术、基因工程技术、生物信息技术为支撑的现代生物农业,预示着未来农业生产模式将会发生深层次的变革,依靠现代生物科学技术的进步,人类将有可能摆脱对化肥、农药等常规农业技术的     

企业巡礼

全国最大绿色饲料添加剂生产基地在津投产天津市重大高新技术产业化项目——年产1.7万t农业微生物生态制品产业化示范基地,目前已完成项目计划并投入生产,成为全国最大的农业微生物生态制品产业化示范基地,建设水平与规模符合美国FDA认证及GMP农业微生物生物生态制品产业化基地     

对农户走向专业化生产应注意的问题要及时引导

随着市场经济的不断发展以及农业产业化步伐的大迈进，专业化队伍将会更强，生产规模将会更大，这对农业经济的发展所作的贡献将更加显著。为了帮助渴望能较快成为专业户、能较快致富的农民朋友，在走向专业化道路的进程中少些麻烦、多些收益，争取早致富、早贡献，我们对...     

电动汽车充电对电网的有利影响

随着石油资源短缺,消耗石油的同时,也会随着产生空气污染和温室气体。而中国的石油消耗量非常巨大,可以预见,在未来,石油将会制约着我国经济的发展。在这种情况下,发展电动汽车可以被看作为替代当前化石燃料的的车辆的最佳方案之一。不仅如此,电动汽车接入电网也会对电网带来一些有利的影响,例如调频、调峰等。     

体验“国家高技术研究发展计划（863计划）” 的震撼力（下）

我国高技术发展计划(863计划)生物技术领域设有农业重组微生物专题,下设杀虫、防病、共生固氮、联合固氮、环境保护微生物和饲料用酶制剂等13个课题."九五"期间,在"发展高科技,实现产业化"号召的鼓舞下,全体科技人员奋力开拓、不断创新,不仅在基础研究与前沿技术方面取得突破性进展,而且在成果转化、实现产业化方面走出了新路.     

我国最大绿色饲料添加剂生产基地在津投产

天津市重大高新技术产业化项目一年产1．7万t农业微生物生态制品产业化示范基地，目前已完成项目计划并投入生产，成为全国最大的农业微生物生态制品产业化示范基地，建设水平与规模符合美国食品药物管理局(FDA)认证及GMP农业微生物生态制品产业化基地要求，其微生物发酵技术及生物活性提取技术均居国内领先水平。     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.