PQ—the EPPO data base on plant quarantine pests

PQ is a relational data base, in dBase IV, composed of files PESTFILE (of plant pest names), HOSTFILE (of host plant names), GEOGFILE (of names of countries and geographical areas), GEOGLINK (of relationships between geographical entities), PQATTACK (of host/pest combinations) and PQOCCUR (of country/pest combinations). It holds all the relevant information from EPPO data sheets on quarantine organisms, together with equivalent information from FAO and from other Regional Plant Protection Organizations, whose data bases are of the same origin and fully compatible with PQ. PQR is a menu-driven on-screen system for consulting the data base, to be made available to Member Governments as a compiled run-time version. Other EPPO systems (for fruit-tree viruses, for the European Handbook of Plant Diseases, for intercepted consignments) also use the central files PESTFILE, HOSTFILE and GEOGFILE.     

Official control of quarantine pests in the EPPO region

This explanatory document considers how the supplement on 'official control' of the Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms (ISPM no. 5) is implemented in the EPPO region, with particular reference to the use of the plant passport.     

Phytosanitary regulations of EPPO countries for quarantine pests of potato1

An analysis is made of the phytosanitary requirements needed by EPPO countries for import of potatoes. General and pest-specific requirements are summarized. This information is derived from the EPPO computerized system PRS, which also forms the basis of an EPPO publication ‘Summaries of the phytosanitary regulations of EPPO countries’.     

Outcomes of the EPPO project on quarantine pests for forestry1

The EPPO Project on Quarantine Pests for Forestry ran from 2000 to 2005. It mainly focused on the risks from forests pests present in the former USSR, particularly in its Asian part, with regard to their possible impacts on the non‐Asian parts of the EPPO region. A special EPPO Panel, called the Panel on Quarantine Pests for Forestry, was created to implement this project. The EPPO Secretariat collected short information on the taxonomy, geographical distribution, host plants, biology and impact of 1365 pests and on the taxonomy and geographical distribution of 653 main forest trees on the territory of the former USSR. In the process of prioritization, which took place over 10 meetings in various countries in the EPPO region, the Panel selected species that were more likely to present high risk for the non‐Asian part of the EPPO region. For these species, more detailed data were collected and datasheets were prepared. The Panel performed Pest Risk Analysis for 45 species of pests and recommended 19 of them for inclusion into the EPPO lists of pests recommended for regulation. Possible phytosanitary measures have been selected in the process of Pest Risk Management to reduce the risk of introduction of these 19 pests into endangered areas. The Panel has begun preparing Commodity standards for wood and woody plants.     

2012~2013年中国进境植物疫情截获情况分析

本文对2012~2013年中国进境植物疫情截获情况进行统计分析,重点分析不同检疫业务类型、有害生物类别、来源国(地区)植物疫情截获数据和全国首次截获检疫性有害生物情况,以期为今后植物检疫工作的针对性和有效性提供参考。     

农业植物疫情报告与发布制度的建立

农业部2010年建立了农业植物疫情报告与发布制度.本文介绍了制度建立的意义、形成的过程和主要内容,分析了制度中需要全面理解的儿个方面,总结了实施以来的效果,提出了完善制度执行的4点建议.     

2014～2015年中国进境植物疫情截获情况

本文对2014~2015年中国进境植物疫情截获情况进行数据统计,重点分析不同检疫业务类型、有害生物类别、来源地的疫情截获数据和检疫性有害生物截获情况。分析表明:进境植物疫情截获数据持续增长,疫情主要来源渠道为进境货物,废纸携带有害生物风险增高,昆虫、杂草、真菌为截获次数最多的有害生物类别,美国、巴西、澳大利亚是截获有害生物次数最多的来源国。     

近年我国农业植物检疫疫情新发形势分析

植物检疫的目标是控制检疫性有害生物传入、扩散和蔓延。在我国现行的农业植物疫情报告管理制度中,疫情快报最能反映疫情新发情况。为了准确掌握我国农业植物疫情新发动态,本文系统整理了2010年-2018年全国农业植物疫情快报数据,从时间和空间两个维度分析了我国疫情发生的严峻形势,并分析了不同种类农业植物检疫性有害生物的发生动态,以期为我国农业植物疫情及农业植物检疫性有害生物的研究和管控提供参考依据。     

向日葵的检疫性有害生物

根据FAO“有害生物风险分析准则”评估，初步提出了12种向日葵的潜在检疫性有害生物。其中，我国尚未发生或尚未报道的有褐色茎腐病菌、茎点霉黑茎病菌、向日葵红色种子象、向日葵灰色种子象、向日葵叶甲和向日葵瘿蚊等6种，国内局部地区已有发生的有向日葵霜霉病菌和向日葵黑斑病菌等2种，已列入了我国各类检疫性有害生物名单的种类有黄萎轮枝孢、棉根腐病菌、列当属和菟丝子属寄生种子植物等。     

New quarantine glasshouse pests in Poland and coloured sticky traps for their monitoring1

Trapping methods are being evaluated in Poland in connection with the addition of the following pests to the new Polish Quarantine List: Liriomyza trifolii, L. sativae, L. huidobrensis, Amauromyza maculosa, Thrips palmi, Frankliniella occidentalis, Bemisia tabaci. Variations were observed in the response of F. occidentalis, Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Bradysia spp. to colour, size and method of hanging of the traps. The highest numbers of F. occidentalis were found on blue traps of different shades, of T. vaporuriorum on yellow traps, and of Bradysia on orange and yellow traps.     

广东口岸进境旅客携带物截获植物检疫性有害生物疫情分析

本文对2011~2015年广东口岸(不含深圳、珠海)进境旅客携带物截获的植物检疫性有害生物进行统计,重点分析旅检口岸截获检疫性有害生物的种类、来源及寄主情况,比较不同来源和不同类型的携带物传带检疫性有害生物及其通过不同类型旅检口岸传入的风险高低,探寻提高疫情检出率的重点与方向,以期为旅检口岸进一步做好植物疫情防控提供借鉴和参考。     

全球植物害虫分布状况统计及分析

随着国际贸易和全球旅游业的发展 ,植物害虫越来越迅速广泛地向新的地区扩散。本文主要依据EPPO(欧洲和地中海植物保护组织 )和CABI(国际农业与生物科学中心 )分别于 1 996年和 1 997～ 2 0 0 0年陆续新公布的 1 3 4种对农业、林业及农林产品有害的重要昆虫和蜱螨类植物害虫的全球分布图 ,收集其它相关资料 ,比较各种植物害虫在全球各地的分布状况 ,分析原因。得出结论 :害虫在北美分布的种类最多 ,在其它各大洲的分布均匀 ,其中种类繁多的鞘翅目昆虫起主要作用。中国现在具有的害虫数量并不与欧洲、大洋洲相差多少。     

辽宁省危险性有害生物传入现状和进一步做好检疫工作的思路

近年来,辽宁省外来检疫性有害生物入侵现象日趋严重,已对农业生产、农业贸易、生物多样性、生态环境和人身健康构成严重威胁。省农委2001～2005年连续5年对全省有害生物疫情进行普查,基本查清已发生的检疫性有害生物22种。其中全国检疫性有害生物15种,辽宁省补充检疫性有害生物7种。据统计,入侵本省几种主要外来检疫性物种每年所造成的经济损失高达20亿元。针对本省外来检疫性有害生物发生为害现状,提出建立疫情应急防控体系,“分区治理、分类指导”防控策略。     

Invasive and quarantine pests in forests in Slovakia1

Biological invasions of insects, plants, and fungal pest species often cause substantial disturbance to forest ecosystems and as well as severe socioeconomic impacts. Central Europe acts as a ‘bridge’ between Western and Eastern Europe both ecologically and as an important transit corridor for people. Human activity, including the movement of material goods, increases the risk of invasions. Some species introduced in the past have been established, becoming common and causing serious problems (such as Dreyfusia nordmannianae or Hyphantria cunea). The status, importance and spatial distribution in Slovakia of seven different forest pests recently introduced into Slovak forest ecosystems (Cameraria ohridella, Coleotechnites piceaella, Cryphonectria parasitica, Dothistroma septospora, Ips duplicatus, Parectopa robiniella, Phyllonorycter robiniellus) as well as two others not yet recorded in Slovakia (Anoplophora glabripennis, Phytophthora spp.) is discussed.     

检疫性有害生物发生程度评估方法的建立

通过对检疫性有害生物的发生危害情况进行综合分析研究,揭示了一套检疫性病、虫、杂草的发生面积统计标准以及发生程度4级评估方法,并利用该方法制作了2000～2002年广西23种检疫性有害生物疫情发生情况图.     

植物凝集素在病虫害防治中的研究进展

植物凝集素是一种含有非催化结构域并能可逆结合到特异单糖或寡糖上的植物 (糖 )蛋白。植物凝集素的抗病虫作用与它最重要的性质糖结合专一性有关。由于其特定的作用机理 ,人们愈来愈多地把它用于病虫害防治。本文综述了植物凝集素的生理作用、抗性机理以及它在病虫害防治中的研究进展     

进口藤害虫检疫与处理

调查了藤枝害虫种类及危害状。在疫情处理时,采用中小仓库符合熏蒸条件的密封门窗或用厚聚氯乙烯薄膜覆盖,用磷化铝１０ｇ／ｍ＾３,熏蒸７天,大型仓库用溴甲烷与磷化铝混合熏蒸,用药为１５．９＋１．６８ｇ／ｍ＾３,熏蒸９天,少量藤料感染害虫、可用硫磺２５０ｇ／ｍ＾３,硫磺点烯后,熏蒸２４小时,集装箱装载藤料发现疫情,可用硫酰氟熏蒸,在２５－３５℃,投药量５０ｇ／ｍ＾３,１５－２４℃为６０ｇ／ｍ＾３,５－１４