发展健康规范宠物业的探讨

我国宠物养殖数量日益增多,宠物经济发展势头强劲。针对目前我国宠物业发展现状及存在的问题,提出了几点看法和建议。     

谈非典时期宠物的饲养管理

今春以来,我国已有25个省份先后发生了非典型肺炎传染病(简称非典)。这是一种呼吸道急性传染病,主要通过近距离空气飞沫和密切接触传播,有较强的传染力。世界卫生组织(WHO)已将其名称公布为严重急性呼吸道症候群(SARS)。自该病发生以来,其传播速度之快,范围之广和较高的病死率引起了人们的高度重视和极度恐慌。最近,随着科学家们对“SARS”病毒研究的深入,部分科学家提出了“SARS”病毒可能来源于动物的假说,这种假说引起了许多宠物饲养者的恐慌,许多城市的宠物饲养者纷纷丢弃、捕杀宠物。事实上,在完成病毒基因序列测序实验之前,还不…     

基于成果导向教育理念的宠物疾病防治课程教学改革探索

《宠物疾病防治》是铜仁职业技术学院畜牧兽医专业的一门实践性极强的核心能力课程。为了改进传统课程教学的不足,提升学生对该课程的学习效率,课程组将成果导向教育教学模式引入课程教学实践,以适应当前职业教育改革的新要求。     

曲靖市加强对宠物诊疗行业的监管以促进宠物经济健康发展

本文通过对曲靖市宠物诊疗行业的发展现状和监管情况进行研究分析,发现曲靖市宠物诊疗机构在制度建设、诊疗行业队伍建设、诊疗能力水平和服务质量等方面存在诸多问题,为规范本辖区内宠物诊疗机构的诊疗行为,提高从业者的诊疗能力和服务水平,曲靖市通过强化日常监管,加强宣传培训等措施进一步规范本地区宠物诊疗行业管理,以促进宠物经济健康可持续发展。     

宠物医生运用中兽医技术防治宠物犬疾病的调查分析

基于中兽药和针灸等中兽医技术在防治宠物犬疾病、维持宠物犬健康层面的作用,采用调查问卷和实地考查相结合的形式,对23个省、5个自治区和4个直辖市的宠物医生使用中兽医技术防治宠物犬疾病情况进行调研。调查发现,宠物医生在治疗犬瘟热、犬传染性肝炎、犬细小病毒病时采用中西医结合疗法占比分别为65.15%、51.52%和58.33%;在治疗宠物犬消化系统和呼吸系统病症及疾病、循环系统、生殖系统、泌尿系统、神经系统、老年性疾病时,运用中兽医疗法治疗犬腹泻、犬感冒、犬贫血、犬不孕症、犬肾炎、犬瘫痪、犬疥螨和犬老年性便秘,最高占比分别为65.15%、50.76%、48.48%、40.15%、42.05%、63.26%、46.59%和57.58%。结果表明,中兽医技术防治宠物犬疾病疗效确切,可为其在宠物犬疾病防治中的应用提供指导依据。     

宠物肠道健康与营养调控研究进展

宠物又称伴侣动物,猫和狗作为人类最主要的伴侣动物,其健康和长寿对宠物主至关重要。肠道是营养物质消化吸收的重要器官,也是机体最大的免疫器官,其健康水平决定动物整体健康,而肠道健康又需要各种营养素来维持和调控。因此,文章主要综述了近年来营养素和微生态制剂对宠物犬和猫肠道健康的调控研究,以期为研究宠物营养与肠道健康提供参考。     

宠物肠道健康与营养调控研究

宠物肠道与人的肠道存在差异性,这种差异性导致宠物营养需求与人的营养需求不同。采用宠物专用的高档食品对宠物进行喂养,是保持宠物肠道健康和营养调控的重要手段。本文论述了宠物肠道的特点,分析宠物肠道与微生物的关系,探讨宠物肠道与营养调控的研究进展。旨在为宠物健康喂养和营养调控提供一些参考。     

宠物主人比不养宠物的人更健康

家有宠物，竟然可以减少主人去医院看病的次数。中澳德三国专家在英国联合发布调查结果，宠物主人比不养宠物的人更健康，在过去的5年内，宠物主人每年上医院看病的次数比其他人少15％至20％。     

《宠物生理》课程思政教学案例设计——以血压和动脉脉搏测定为例

课程思政是以立德树人为导向,发挥教师、专业和课程的育人功能,是高校教学改革发展的必然趋势。笔者以宠物血压和动脉脉搏测定为例,在教学实施过程中融入了爱国情怀;激发学生崇尚科技务实创新意识;引入“悬丝诊脉”的典故,教育引导学生树立“刻苦研习,追求卓越”的工匠精神;教育学生自觉摒弃和抵制封建腐朽思想,弘扬中华优秀传统文化,增强“文化自信”。结果显示,将传授知识、培养能力和价值引领三者融为一体,在宠物生理课程教学过程中融入思政元素,以专业思政的形式帮助学生树立正确的价值观和理想信念,可实现专业育人和思政育人的有机统一。     

关于举办“全国宠物（犬、猫）疾病防治实用技术研修班”的通知

为了适应当前社会发展和地方各级兽医部门的工作需要，提高地方犬、猫防疫水平，全面推动新世纪中国兽医行业快速、稳步、可持续发展，解决各级兽医部门工作中遇到的问题，中国农业大学继续教育学院特举办“全国宠物（犬、猫）疾病防治实用技术研修班”，望有关单位积极参加，本次培训工作由中国动物保健品协会对外联络部协办，北京中美欧畜牧科学研究院有限公司具体承办。     

Perceptions and priorities of owners of dogs with heart disease regarding quality versus quantity of life for their pets

OBJECTIVE: To describe the relative importance of pets' quality versus quantity of life among owners of dogs with heart disease. DESIGN: Prospective questionnaire-based clinical study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Owners of 201 dogs with heart disease. PROCEDURES: Owners each completed a questionnaire that was designed to ascertain the relative importance of quality versus quantity of life for their pet and to assess the owners' willingness to trade survival time for quality of life, if that were possible. Analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with owner willingness to trade time for quality of life. RESULTS: Most owners (170/197 [86%]) were willing to trade survival time for quality of life for their heart disease-affected dogs; of those owners, 88 (52%) were willing to trade 6 months. Owners were highly concerned with detection of perceived pet suffering and their pet's ability to interact with them. Owners whose pets had respiratory difficulty or fainting episodes and were treated on an outpatient basis had a greater willingness to trade survival time than owners of dogs that were treated on an emergency basis. Among owners willing to trade time for quality of life, younger owners and those whose pets had fainting episodes were willing to trade the most amount of time. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that quality of life is highly important to owners of dogs with heart disease. Owners' priorities partly depend on owner age and the pet's clinical circumstances; ongoing client-veterinarian communication is important to optimize treatment success as perceived by owners.     

宠物犬的简易投药法

宠物犬每次得病都要到宠物医院去治疗,有时一天要去3次,连续要一个星期左右,非常不方便。其实,只要我们学会了几种犬的投药法,在宠物医生的指导下,在家给自己的爱犬投药还可以节约宝贵时间。下面介绍几种简单的投药方法。     

宠物手术病例及相关问题剖析

近年来随着我市宠物饲养数量的不断增大,我校动物诊所接诊的犬、猫手术病例也在增多。经统计,2008年我校所属两个动物诊所共接诊犬、猫手术病例351例,约占全年病例数21％。归纳起来可分为以下几类：外伤与骨折手术、消化器官手术、泌尿器官手术、生殖器官手术、绝育术、美容术,眼部手术、疝修复术、肿瘤切除术等。总结分析当前宠物临床的手术病例和应当注意的问题,对指导宠物临床手术具有十分重要的意义。     

The efficacy and safety of milrinone for treating heart failure in dogs

Milrinone has been studied in a variety of situations. In experimental dogs it has been documented to increase contractility to a similar degree as beta-receptor agonists and to produce mild arteriolar dilation in dogs. In canine patients with heart failure, milrinone produces demonstrable improvement in echocardiographic ventricular function and hemodynamic variables. In addition, it improves clinical signs in these patients, improving their quality of life. Milrinone is superior to digoxin as evidenced by the improvement in clinical signs noted in dogs that were unresponsive or no longer responding to digoxin administration. There is no doubt that milrinone improves short-term prognosis and in so doing prolongs life. Many of the patients that the author has observed would not have gone home without the benefits of milrinone. Milrinone's effects on long-term survival cannot be assessed, but its effects on survival time are certainly not dramatic enough to be evident without a comparison population. Therefore, milrinone administration should be considered palliative, as is administration of all other cardiovascular medications for heart failure. In addition to its beneficial effects, milrinone also appears to be relatively safe when compared with the alternative of digoxin administration. Fatal events attributable to milrinone administration are rare, and those directly attributable to enhanced ventricular arrhythmia can generally be avoided by monitoring an electrocardiogram after initial milrinone administration commences. Milrinone does not increase the incidence of sudden death in Doberman Pinschers. It is possible that a small number of dogs with mitral regurgitation may develop mitral chordal rupture. For this reason and possibly others, milrinone probably will not be indicated in early heart failure due to mitral regurgitation when heart failure is readily responsive to diuretic administration. The risk-to-benefit ratio turns markedly in the favor of milrinone administration in the dog with mitral regurgitation that is partially or completely refractory to other cardiovascular drugs. Milrinone appears to be a more effective and safer positive inotrope for long-term treatment of dogs with congestive heart failure than drugs currently available. The author and all the investigators involved in the milrinone clinical trials hope that it will soon be available for use by the veterinary community.     

Phytotherapy as an alternative for treating fish disease

Intensification of livestock rearing often promotes an increase in inappropriate practices that disregard care for the environment, animal health, and workers' health. Intensive fish farming systems are often associated with higher stocking density and massive use of artificial feed. Currently, outbreaks of parasitic, bacterial, and fungal diseases act as major limiting factors for fish farming, meaning that producers have to make use of massive amounts of antibiotics, disinfectants, and pesticides in order to control mortality and avoid huge economic losses. Because of adverse effects on the aquatic environment, terrestrial organisms, and human health (both fish handlers and consumers), this therapy has been criticized. Use of herbal medicines within animal production has shown promise, in that it is natural and biodegradable and has antimicrobial activity against various pathogens, including those relating to fish. Recently, researchers have reported promising effects from many herbal medicines for treating parasitic diseases caused by protozoa and metazoa, and broad activity against bacteria and fungi. This review addresses the current issues regarding indiscriminate use of chemicals and antibiotics in aquaculture and discusses the main findings and methodologies of the latest research on herbal medicines to stimulate and accelerate research in this field, especially in developing countries.     

Preparation and equipment useful for surgery in small exotic pets.

Because many exotic pets are so small, the instrumentation and equipment used for surgery are different from in larger animals. Magnification greatly improves the surgeon's ability to accomplish surgeries in small patients and helps to provide hemostasis because small amounts of blood are significant in these tiny patients. Microsurgical instrumentation is important to allow for proper tissue handling and suture placement. Various other considerations, instrumentation, and equipment are useful when performing surgery on small exotic pets.