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研究精氨酸(Arg)对胎鼠子宫微血管的影响,阐明其缓解宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)的部分机理。将120只雌性小鼠随机分为6组,即对照组,A 组(基础日粮添加2.5 g/kg Arg,下同),B 组(5 g/kg Arg),C组(7.5 g/kg Arg),D 组(10 g/kg Arg),E 组(15 g/kg Arg)。试验期间各组自由采食和饮水。每组随机抽取10只孕鼠进行眼球摘除采血,颈椎脱臼处死孕鼠,分别检测 IUGR、子宫胎盘的微血管密度、NOS 活力和NO 含量。结果与对照组相比,D 组可显著降低 IUGR 发生率达64.99%(P <0.05)。B、C、D、E 组可极显著(P <0.01)提高小鼠胎盘 NOS 活力及 NO 含量,各组子宫胎盘均未见病变。B 组比对照组子宫微血管密度和胎盘微血管密度分别增加了16.30%和10.58%,但未达到显著水平(P >0.05)。说明 Arg 可能通过改善子宫和胎盘血液循环和母胎营养物质供应,达到缓解 IUGR 的作用。 相似文献
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Akira YABUKI Yu FURUSAWA Noriaki MIYOSHI Kazuyuki TANIGUCHI Osamu YAMATO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(5):837
Renin and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the kidney control the renin-angiotensin and tubuloglomerular feedback systems. The present study investigated the expression of renin and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the dysplastic kidneys of three young dogs. Renin-immunoreactivity, which occurs in the juxtaglomerular and tubular cells of dysplastic kidneys, did not differ from that in the normal kidneys of young dogs. Macula densa cells in the normal kidneys showed neuronal nitric oxide synthase -immunoreactivity, but those in the dysplastic kidneys showed no apparent signals. This observation may be correlated with the pathological mechanisms of renal failure in young dogs. 相似文献
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肺动脉高压综合征发病过程中肉鸡血清和肺脏iNOS和cNOS活性变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
常规饲养条件喂养的大群AA肉鸡,按临床症状分为肺动脉高压组(M组),肺动脉高压腹水组(S组)和正常对照组(C组)。分别测定21、28、35和42日龄S组、M组和C组肉鸡的腹水心脏指数(AHI)、全心与体重比(WH/BW)、平均肺动脉高压(mPAP)、血清一氧化氮(NO)水平、肺脏和血清cNOS和iNOS活性。试验结果表明:(1)S组和M组全心与体重比值(TV/BW)以及S组血清NO水平均从28日龄起显著或极显著高于C组(P〈O.01或P〈0.05);(2)S组肺组织cNOS水平显著或极显著低于C组(P〈0.01或P〈0.05);(3)S组肺组织iNOS在21、35和42日龄显著或极显著高于C组(P〈0.01或P〈0.05);(4)S组从28日龄起血清中cNOS和iNOS与C组差异显著或极显著(P〈0.01或P〈0.05);(5)正常对照组肉鸡血清中iNOS活性在21、35和42日龄均显著或极显著低于血清中cNOS活性(P〈0.01或P〈0.05)。此研究结果提示cNOS和iNOS活性的变化与PHS发病机理有着密切的关系,并在其中发挥着重要的作用。 相似文献
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静脉注射L-氨基胍对肉鸡肺动脉压及其相关指标的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
按常规饲养条件饲养AA雄性肉鸡120羽,30日龄时随机分为试验组(T组)和对照组(C组)。T组肉鸡静脉注射L-AG(40mg/kg),C组肉鸡静脉注射生理盐水。分别在注射L-AG和生理盐水1、2、4h后测定平均肺动脉压(mPAP)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活性、原生型一氧化氮舍酶(cNOS)活性、一氧化氮(NO)含量、红细胞压积(PCV)、电解质浓度、pH、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果显示:(1)试验组mPAP、NO含量和iNOS活性均显著或极显著低于对照组(P〈0.05或P〈0.01);(2)PCV和Ca^2+在给药后2h和4h与对照组差异显著(P〈0.05);(3)K^+浓度在给药1h和2h后显著或极显著低于时照组(P〈0.05或P〈0.01)。结果表明,L-AG通过抑制iNOS活性,引起肉鸡肺动脉压的升高,从而推测iNOS具有调节肉鸡体内mPAP的作用并与肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征发生有着密切的联系。 相似文献
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内毒素休克山羊NO代谢的变化及山莨菪碱对其影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为了探讨一氧化氮(NO)在内毒素休克病理发生中的作用,将36头杂交山羊随机分成3组,每组12只,第Ⅰ组作为对照,第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组颈静脉注射大肠杆菌内毒素2次,间隔24h,第Ⅲ组于第2次注射内毒素前10min静脉注射山莨菪碱(654-2),检测血浆、肝、肾、肺组织中的NO水平和组织中一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性。结果表明,第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组山羊第2次注射内毒素后,血浆NO水平明显高于第Ⅰ组(P<0.01),其中第Ⅱ组呈持续性升高,7h后第Ⅲ组显著低于第Ⅱ组(P<0.01);第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肝、肾、肺组织中的NO含量和NOS活性均明显高于第Ⅰ组(P<0.01),12h后第Ⅲ组组织中的NO含量和NOS活性显著低于第Ⅱ组(P<0.01)。提示NO过量为内毒素休克时病理发生中关键的中介机制,预先给予654-2则能缓解休克时NO引起的毒性作用。 相似文献
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肺动脉压升高是肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征(PHS)的重要发病机制。近年来研究表明一氧化氮(NO)在PHS发生发展中发挥着重要作用。本文论述了NO对肉鸡PHS发病过程的影响。一氧化氮合酶(NOS)和NO活性在PHS早期升高而后期下降。NO具有强大的扩张血管的作用,但在PHS过程中,NO合成相对不足,导致肺血管舒缩失衡,引起肺动脉压升高。肺血管重构是肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征的重要病理学变化特征,而NO可促进肺小动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡,在一定程度上抑制肺血管重构的形成。NO作为自由基对机体造成的损伤也是引起PHS的原因之一。在肉鸡日粮中补充NO前体物L-精氨酸可以增加内源性NO的生成,有助于降低PHS的发病率。 相似文献
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NO在小鼠早期胚胎吸收过程中的作用 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
给妊娠 7d小鼠尾静脉注射细菌脂多糖 (L PS)诱导早期胚胎吸收。注射 L PS后 12、2 4、36 h,以 EL ISA、比色法检测血清和子宫匀浆中 Th1型细胞因子 IFN- γ、IL- 12与 NO的含量变化 ;免疫组织化学法观察 3种一氧化氮合酶(n NOS,e NOS,i NOS)和 Th2型细胞在小鼠子宫表达的变化。此外 ,还观察了 NO供体硝普钠 (SNP)诱导孕鼠流产效果及氨基胍 (AG)对抗 L PS诱导孕鼠流产的效果。结果显示 ,相对于正常妊娠组 ,L PS处理组孕鼠子宫匀浆 NO含量及 IFN- γ、IL- 12水平极显著升高 (P<0 .0 1) ,血清 NO含量也极显著升高 (P<0 .0 1) ;n NOS、i NOS在 L PS处理组小鼠子宫可见阳性标记 ,而 e NOS未见阳性标记 ;大量 Th2型阳性细胞标记仅在正常妊娠组小鼠子宫内膜基质可见 ,L PS处理组未见阳性细胞。腹腔注射 SNP致使孕鼠早期胚胎吸收 ,然而妊娠 6~ 9d腹腔注射 AG却未能降低 L PS诱导的孕鼠早期胚胎吸收。上述结果提示 ,L PS处理后 ,Th1型免疫反应增强 ;源自升高表达的 i NOS的子宫局部高浓度 NO可能作为一种效应分子介导小鼠早期胚胎吸收。 相似文献
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一氧化氮抗寄生虫感染的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
一氧化氮 (NO)在寄生虫感染过程中具有抑制或杀伤寄生虫与对宿主机体产生病理损伤的双重作用。机体内 NO的产生及抗寄生虫作用受细胞因子严格调节 ,巨噬细胞经 IFN-γ等细胞因子或脂多糖 L PS刺激后能大量表达 i N-OS,产生的 NO对球虫、弓形虫、锥虫、疟原虫、肝片吸虫、血吸虫等均有杀伤作用 ,NOS抑制剂的阻断则进一步表明 NO在寄生虫感染中的重要作用。近年来 ,关于 NO抗寄生虫感染、作用机制、NO合酶抑制剂和细胞因子影响等的研究报道日渐增多。文章就有关研究进展进行了综述 相似文献
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一氧化氮合酶与寄生虫感染 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
一氧化氮(NO)在体内由L-精氨酸在一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)的催化下生成。它是一种重要的信使分子,参与血管、气道平滑肌的调节,神经递质的传递,细胞杀伤,肿瘤细胞的溶解及内分泌激素的释放过程,与许多疾病的发生、发展密切相关;既在机体多个系统多种细胞中具有广泛的生理功能,又可能参与多种疾病的发生过程。寄生虫感染时,动物机体内由其诱发产生各种细胞因子。细胞因子激发一氧化氮合酶基因,其转录产生iNOS(induciblenitricoxidesynthase)mRNA,由iNOSmRNA指导一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)生成。iNOS以精氨酸为底物合成NO。本文就NOS的结构、生成和NO对寄生虫的作用以及影响NO抗寄生虫感染的因素作了综述。 相似文献
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Halima SULTANA Mikiko INADA Shaila WADUD Toshihiro TAKAHASHI Tetsuo MORITA Ryoji ONODERA 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(4):289-294
In vitro experiments were conducted to examine the synthesis of arginine (Arg) from argininosuccinic acid (ASA) and citrulline (Cit) by crude enzymes of cattle kidney cortex. Kidney samples, collected from Japanese black cattle, were homogenized in KCl solution (ice‐cold), and centrifuged at 27 000 × g for 20 min at 4°C, and the supernatant fluid was used as a crude enzyme solution. The enzyme solution was incubated at 39°C in Tris HCl buffer with 15 mmol/L ASA or with 10 mmol/L Cit in the presence of 10 mmol/L aspartic acid (Asp), 10 mmol/L ATP and 5 mmol/L MgCl2 to examine the activities of two enzymes, argininosuccinate lyase and argininosuccinate synthetase, which work at the terminal steps of Arg biosynthesis. The production of Arg from ASA, or ASA and Arg from Cit by argininosuccinate lyase and argininosuccinate synthetase activities, respectively, were determined directly by the HPLC method. The optimum pH for argininosuccinate lyase activity was 7.85. Unfortunately, the optimum pH for argininosuccinate synthetase activity could not be determined because no inhibitor of argininosuccinate lyase was used in the Cit incubation, so the ASA produced from Cit spontaneously converted to Arg during incubation with Cit. The maximum production of ASA from Cit was found at pH 6.45 under these conditions. We observed the optimum pH for the synthesis of Arg from Cit at 7.7. The production of Arg from ASA or Cit was quantitatively determined as 14.4 or 8.83 µmol/g kidney tissue/h, respectively, at the optimal pH values. This suggests that the daily production of Arg from ASA or Cit by the kidney might be sufficient to cover the daily requirement of Arg in cattle. 相似文献
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FA Khan TS Chenier RA Foster J Hewson EL Scholtz 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(3):718-724
Emerging research suggests that the nitric oxide system may play a role in persistent breeding‐induced endometritis (PBIE) in the mare. Differences in uterine nitric oxide (NO) levels between mares susceptible or resistant to PBIE and a dose‐dependent inhibitory effect of NO on uterine contractility have been demonstrated. The objectives of this study were to investigate the difference in total nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity of the endometrium between susceptible and resistant mares and the effect of a specific inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor on the endometrial NOS activity in vitro. Six susceptible and six resistant mares were selected based on preset criteria and the results of an intrauterine challenge with killed spermatozoa during oestrus. Endometrial biopsy samples were collected 24 hr post‐challenge and cultured at 37°C for 24 hr in L‐arginine supplemented minimum essential medium with or without a specific iNOS inhibitor (1,400 W dihydrochloride, 1 mM). The medium and the cultured endometrial tissue were collected after 24 hr of culture and assayed for NO and total protein, respectively. Total NO content of the medium, normalized to endometrial tissue wet weight or total protein, was used as a measure of endometrial NOS activity. Non‐parametric tests were applied for statistical analysis. Susceptible mares had significantly greater endometrial NOS activity than resistant mares. The iNOS inhibitor treatment significantly reduced NOS activity in endometrial samples derived from susceptible and resistant mares. These findings provide a basis for in vivo testing of specific iNOS inhibitors as preventative or therapeutic options for PBIE in mares. 相似文献
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一氧化氮合酶(NOS)家族中诱生型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)在细胞因子或脂多糖刺激下,催化合成的一氧化氮(N0)对多种寄生虫具有杀伤作用。因此,认识一氧化氮在抗血吸虫感染中的作用,有着重要的理论意义和潜在的临床应用价值。本文就一氧化氮的生物学特性、生物合成、作用机制以及近年来一氧化氮/一氧化氮合酶在血吸虫学研究中的应用作一综述。 相似文献
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用从牦牛血清中分离纯化的转铁蛋白和Sigma公司提供的牛转铁蛋白对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞释放一氧化氮的影响进行研究.一氧化氮以伊利康生物技术有限公司提供的试剂盒测定.结果:脂多糖终浓度为20 μg/ml、培养时间12 h时,巨噬细胞释放一氧化氮的量显著增加,且满足实验需要,当两种转铁蛋白的浓度在25 μg/ml时能显著抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞一氧化氮释放.这表明转铁蛋白对巨噬细胞的生长及免疫功能的影响与其抑制一氧化氮的释放有关.抑制一氧化氮生成,可能是转铁蛋白抑制细菌及病毒生长等的作用机制之一. 相似文献
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