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通过系列优化实验,选出了适合于牙鲆淋巴囊肿病毒检测的聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol,PEG)包埋切片法;运用牙鲆淋巴囊肿病毒单克隆抗体的问接免疫荧光抗体染色技术,首次用PEG切片成功地对牙鲆淋巴囊肿组织中的病毒进行了检测;并与新鲜组织冰冻切片的实验结果进行了对比;另外,还对石蜡切片、PEG切片及冰冻切片的优缺点进行了讨论。结果表明,将制片温度控制在52℃以下时,PEG切片中的淋巴囊肿病毒的抗原性能够得到较好的保存,经过间接免疫荧光染色后,囊肿细胞的细胞质内观察到强阳性绿色荧光,与冰冻切片中的荧光强度无明显差别,表明PEG切片同冰冻切片一样能很好地保存病毒的抗原性。另外.PEG切片与石蜡切片一样对组织细胞的形态保存良好;而冰冻切片的细胞形态变化大,细胞质发生弥散、皱缩。因此,聚乙二醇包埋切片法能够同时保存病毒的抗原性和组织细胞良好的形态结构,应用于免疫组织化学、免疫病理等研究可以获得较好的效果。 相似文献
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采用组织切片染色、冰冻切片染色、组织涂片染色和粪便涂片染色这四种观察包涵体的方法,对中国对虾肝胰腺细小病毒病进行诊断。四种诊断方法结果的比较表明,冰冻切片诊断方法具有快速、简便、准确、不易漏检的优点,可弥补组织切片诊断法时间长、组织涂片诊断法不可靠和粪便涂片诊断法易漏检的缺点。 相似文献
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轮虫个体微小、组织柔软,对外界环境刺激反应较强烈,同时体表覆盖有角质层,采用常规的石蜡切片技术,难以切出完整的切片。通过对传统制片技术的改进,可以使标本接近自然状态,取得了比较理想的效果。 相似文献
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采用外部生长线估算法测定淡水贝类年龄具有局限性,对年龄偏大或生长较慢的品种不适用。本文介绍一种新的方法-内部切片法,是精确和准确测定贝类年龄的有效方法。通过对美国的两种淡水贝类扇贝和厚实珍珠贝进行内部切片法和外部生长线估算法的研究和实验数据的统计分析,证明内部切片法的结果更代表贝类的实际年龄。同时,还分析了淡水贝壳类年龄、长度、高度之间的相互关系。 相似文献
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Experimental infections with Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) were established on threespine sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus L., juvenile pink, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum), and chum, Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum), salmon. The prevalence and abundance of infections were initially higher on sticklebacks than on either salmon species. The initial prevalence and intensity of infections on chum salmon were higher than those on pink salmon, and declined on both species during louse development. The rate of parasite development to adult stages was similar on all species although development beyond the preadult stage was not observed on sticklebacks. These results confirm previous field observations on the occurrence and development of L. salmonis on threespine sticklebacks. 相似文献
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通过2019年室内和野外附着实验,检验了牡蛎壳(新壳和旧壳)和生物膜(有生物膜和无生物膜)对牡蛎附着量的影响。室内附着实验表明,在生物膜处理下新壳上牡蛎附着量显著高于旧壳(P<0.05);而在无生物膜对照组中,新、旧壳上牡蛎附着量无显著差异(P>0.05)。野外附着实验发现,生物膜显著提升了旧壳上牡蛎附着量,但对新壳上牡蛎附着量无显著影响。通过2020年野外附着实验,检验了牡蛎壳(新壳和旧壳)和潮区(滩面以上0.6 m和1.1 m)对牡蛎和藤壶附着量的影响。牡蛎附着量在每个潮区中,15 d、45 d和70 d时新壳均显著高于旧壳(P<0.05)。藤壶附着量仅在0.6 m潮区中、15 d时新壳显著高于旧壳,而45 d和70 d时,各潮区中新、旧壳上藤壶附着量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。研究发现,总体来看新壳的附苗效果好于旧壳,这种差异涵盖了整个牡蛎繁殖、附着及补充的高峰期。因此,牡蛎礁修复中应优先选取新壳作为底物。 相似文献
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鱼类耳石研究是鱼类生长和早期生活史研究的基础。文章阐述了鱼类耳石形态的研究方法及其在鱼类种类识别中的应用、耳石微结构在鱼类年龄鉴定、早期生长研究、产卵期、孵化期和产卵场的推算以及早期生活史中特殊事件的研究等方面的进展,探讨了耳石研究的存在问题并提出了进一步研究的建议。 相似文献
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鱼类耳石研究和应用进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
鱼类耳石研究是鱼类生长和早期生活史研究的基础。文章阐述了鱼类耳石形态的研究方法及其在鱼类种类识别中的应用、耳石微结构在鱼类年龄鉴定、早期生长研究、产卵期、孵化期和产卵场的推算以及早期生活史中特殊事件的研究等方面的进展,探讨了耳石研究的存在问题并提出了进一步研究的建议。 相似文献
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本文根据对台湾北部渔场中上层鱼类为期三年的生产性探捕试验结果,着重分析了莆田市现有灯光围网作业渔船采用的渔具渔法在该渔场的适应情况和生产性探捕试验的经济效益。指出了该渔场中上层鱼类的渔期、中心渔场位置和渔获组成。 相似文献
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Identification and characterization of proteases from skin mucus of tambacu,a Neotropical hybrid fish 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. M. C. Salles P. Gagliano S. A. T. Leitão J. B. Salles H. L. M. Guedes V. P. F. Cassano S. Giovanni De-Simone 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2007,33(2):173-179
Skin secretions of fishes constitute a rich source of proteins with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial properties. We report
here the characterization of proteases from skin mucus of tambacu, an economically important Neotropical hybrid fish. The
effects of pH on the proteolytic activities of the mucus acting on various substracts – hemoglobin, casein, bovine serum albumin
(BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) – were tested. Optimal pH values for protease activity on hemoglobin were 4.5 and 8.5, on casein,
8.5, on BSA, 5.0 and 7.5, and on ovalbumin, 4.5 and 6.5. The proteolytic activity was inhibited on all of these substrates
in the presence of specific inhibitors: caseinolytic activity was inhibited by inhibitors of serine and metalloproteases;
hemoglobinolytic activity was inhibited by serine, aspartic and metalloproteases inhibitors; albuminolytic activity on BSA
was inhibited by serine and aspartic proteases inhibitors, and on ovalbumin, by cysteine and aspartic proteases inhibitors.
Gelatin zymography revealed that the skin mucus of tambacu consisted primarily of serine and metalloproteases. Hemoglobin
zymography showed one proteolytic band inhibited by EDTA, whereas casein zymography showed two proteases inhibited by serine
proteases inhibitors. We were able to identify all classes of proteases in the mucus from the skin of tambacu. These, and
these results suggest that the proteolytic activities of the skin mucus of fish may play an important role in the defense
against microorganisms and ectoparasites. 相似文献
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国外海豚体内多氯联苯的研究进展与概况 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
综述了20世纪70年代以来有关海豚体内多氯联苯的研究进展和概况。论述了PCBs进入海豚的方式及消除途径;PCBs在海豚体内各组织中的分布特点与差异;PCBs在雌、雄和仔海豚体内的分布特点和转移规律;不同环境条件对海豚PCBs含量及同族物构成影响;PCBs对海豚的有害影响。通过分析表明,PCBs对海洋生态系统的影响还将持续很长时间,国内应进一步加强近岸海域哺乳类动物PCBs的长期污染效应研究,进而更深入地研究其环境行为、归宿和影响效应。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: The morphology of the lateral line system, the inner ear, the olfactory epithelium and the taste bud of the wild adult anchovy Engraulis japonicus was examined by photo microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Hematoxylin solution was injected into the lateral line canals to show the arrangement of the lateral line system. The lateral line system has well-developed supraorbital, infraorbital and preoperculomandibular canals on the head, dense canal branches on the operculum, lateral line canals on the trunk, and no free neuromasts. The inner ear comprises three semicircular canals and three otholithic end organs: the sacculus, the lagena and the utriculus. The olfactory organs and taste buds were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The paired olfactory organs on the snout have rosettes of lamellae, whose sensory epithelium consists of receptor cells of both the ciliated and microvillous type. The taste buds are distributed only inside the mouth, and mostly between the teeth of the upper and lower jaws, and between the gill teeth on the gill rakers. Well-developed lateral lines on the head are advantageous for schooling, and the taste buds in the mouth and on the gill rakers are advantageous for filter-feeding on plankton. 相似文献
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研究了7月份植物收割对人工湿地基质磷酸酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、脱氢酶活性及养殖废水中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、COD去除率的影响。结果显示:植物收割后磷酸酶、脲酶、蛋白酶活性开始增高,分别于第20天(13.7 mg/100 g)、第16天(1.9 mg/100 g)、第12天(61.7 mg/100 g)达到最大值,均于第28天(10.1 mg/100 g、1.1 mg/100 g、43.2 mg/100 g)恢复到收割前水平。脱氢酶活性在植物收割后第4天(142.3μL/100 g)降到最小值,此后开始增高,第16天(249.5μL/100 g)达到最大值,于第24天(195.6μL/100 g)恢复到收割前水平。净化效果研究表明,植物收割后TP、TN去除率开始增高,分别在植物收割后第20天(75.1%)、16天(60.6%)达到最大值,均于第28天(51.1%、34.1%)恢复到收割前水平。COD去除率在收割后第4天(25.3%)降到最小值,此后开始增高,第16天(70.2%)达到最高值,第24天(46.5%)恢复到收割前水平。 相似文献