Continuing land degradation: Cause–effect in Ethiopia's Central Rift Valley

The Central Rift Valley (CRV) is one of the most environmentally vulnerable areas of Ethiopia. Most of the lowland in the CRV is arid or semiarid, and droughts occur frequently. We studied the dynamics of land use and cover and land degradation by analyzing Landsat data from 1973, 1985, and 2006 using Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing techniques. The analysis revealed that in the last 30 years, water bodies, forest, and woodland decreased by 15·3, 66·3, and 69·2 per cent, respectively; intensive cultivation, mixed cultivation/woodland, and degraded land increased by 34·5, 79·7, and 200·7 per cent. The major causes of land use and cover change (LUCC) and land degradation in the area were population and livestock growth in regions of limited resources, unsustainable farming techniques, the Ethiopian land tenure system and poverty. Lake level and area decline, and accelerated land degradation are the major environmental impacts of LUCC observed in the CRV. The environmental and socio‐economic consequences of LUCC and land degradation are far‐reaching. As a result of the expansion of land degradation over time, agricultural productivity has decreased and worsened food insecurity (shortages) and poverty in the Ethiopian CRV. In addition, if current trends in LUCC continue, Lake Abiyata will dry up by 2021. A detailed study of the degradation amount in relation to soil erosion, sediment yield to the lakes and catchment characteristics should be made using adaptable models; so as to guide the implementation of comprehensive and sustainable land use management by giving more attention to erosion prone areas. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新疆玛纳斯河流域绿洲耕地扩张差异与驱动力研究

新疆现代绿洲是两种不同经营模式(兵团农场耕作和地方家庭承包)下团镇绿洲耕地长期扩张的真实写照。本文以玛纳斯河流域石河子垦区144团与玛纳斯县兰州湾镇为例,首先基于1958—2018年的6期影像数据,采用土地利用动态变化度,分析了团镇耕地的扩张过程;进而采用多元逐步回归等方法,分析了兵团与地方绿洲扩张的驱动力;最后从全流域绿洲扩张的角度出发,结合绿洲扩张模型,测算了绿洲耕地的适宜规模。结果表明:144团与兰州湾镇的耕地面积均大幅增加,扩张的耕地主是由草地、林地转化而来;兵团耕地扩张的核心驱动因子为节水灌溉面积、水资源径流量、农牧业平均收入;地方则为人均GDP、农牧业平均收入、农业生产总值。流域的耕地面积远超适宜规模,生态安全隐患已经凸显。建议流域的各级政府遵循"山水林田湖草生命共同体"的理念和建设要求,统筹推进流域的综合开发;加快构建现代土地资源管理制度体系,科学划定生态红线,严格限定绿洲的扩张规模,促进兵团与地方的土地利用结构优化;坚持最严格水资源管理制度,"以水定地",实现水资源高效利用,防控沙漠化对绿洲的威胁;推行土壤退化治理与土地整治相结合,提高土地利用效率和潜力,从而实现绿洲耕地的数量、质量、生态三位一体保护。     

Savanna herbivore dynamics in a livestock-dominated landscape. II: Ecological, conservation, and management implications of predator restoration

Conserving African wildlife in human-occupied landscapes requires management intervention that is guided by a mechanistic understanding of how anthropogenic factors influence large-scale ecological processes. In Laikipia District, a dry savanna region in northern Kenya where wildlife share the landscape with humans and livestock, we examined why five of nine wild ungulate species suffered protracted declines on properties receiving the greatest conservation investment. Of 10 alternative causes examined, only an increase in predation, interacting with brief periods of high and low rainfall, was consistent with the timing, synchrony, duration and species composition of observed ungulate declines.The principal factor causing predation to increase was a shift in land use from cattle ranching, under which predators and plains zebras were severely suppressed, to wildlife conservation and ecotourism. This prompted a 5-fold increase in plains zebra abundance, and created a demand for living predators. Plains zebras ultimately comprised more than half the available prey biomass, and supported a substantial predator community, but were not limited by predators. We infer that increasing predation pressure caused predator-susceptible prey species to decline, via mechanisms that included apparent competition.Herbivore dynamics in Laikipia shared features with previously reported responses by prey communities to predator manipulation in Kruger and Serengeti National Parks. All featured one or a few numerically dominant herbivore species, which were primarily limited by rainfall and density, supporting a predator community that in turn limited the abundance of other prey species. In each case, predation had a profound effect, but on only a subset of prey species, reducing the evenness component of prey diversity.The presence of cattle in the landscape may affect predator-prey dynamics in both direct and indirect ways, depending on rainfall. In extreme years (floods or drought), episodic die-offs temporarily subsidize scavenging predators. In low rainfall years, competition between plains zebras and cattle, which negligibly support predators, may indirectly limit predator carrying capacity. Consequently, removal of cattle may favor not only zebras, but also their predators, and further depress predator-susceptible prey species.     

Strange bedfellows? Techno-fixes to solve the big conservation issues in southern Asia

The conservation challenges facing mega-biodiverse South and Southeast Asia in the 21st century are enormous. For millennia, much of the habitat of these regions was only lightly modified by human endeavour, yet now it is experiencing rampant deforestation, logging, biofuel cropping, invasive species expansion, and the synergies of climate change, drought, fire and sea-level rise. Although small-scale conservation management might assist some species and habitats, the broader sweep of problems requires big thinking and some radical solutions. Given the long expected lead times between progressive economic development and stabilization of human population size and consumption rates, we argue that ‘technological fixes’ cannot be ignored if we are to address social and fiscal drivers of environmental degradation and associated species extinctions in rapidly developing regions like southern Asia. The pursuit of cheap and abundant ‘clean’ energy from an economically rational mix of nuclear power, geothermal, solar, wind, and hydrogen-derivative ‘synfuels’, is fundamental to this goal. This will permit pathways of high-tech economic development that include intensified (high energy-input) agriculture over small land areas, full recycling of material goods, a transition from fossil-fuel use for transport and electricity generation, a rejection of tropical biofuels that require vast areas of arable land for production, and a viable alternative to the damming of major waterways like the Mekong, Murum and northern tributaries of the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers for hydroelectricity. Rational approaches that work at large scales must be used to deal with the ultimate, rather than just proximate, drivers of biodiversity loss in the rapidly developing regions of southern Asia.     

新疆玛纳斯县域土地利用变化对景观生态系统的影响

21世纪初的玛纳斯县域土地利用面临新的政策和技术背景,采用遥感技术对2000年和2005年玛纳斯县域人类主要活动区各类景观进行对比分析,发现研究区内耕地、城镇景观面积出现大幅增长,林地、草地景观面积显著下降,“农林”、“农草”争水、争地的矛盾逐渐激化,水资源的供需处于“紧平衡”状态,区域景观生态系统的多样性、稳定性降低。分析表明导致玛纳斯县域景观生态变化的驱动因素主要包括当地气候条件的变化、农业相关政策的推行、农业节水灌溉技术的突破和农业生产合作形式的创新。     

Forestry and the boreal forest: Maintaining inherent landscape patterns

The forestry industry in Canada has become sensitive to its image through pressure from environmentalists and the European markets and along with Natural Resource Departments across the country, is working hard to change its image by developing environmentally sound management. The dilemma is how to continue resource extraction from the forest yet ensure that wildlife populations do not become endangered. An important ecosystem process in the boreal forest is forest fire and the forestry industry has traditionally argued that clear cutting simulates forest fire by creating large areas devoid of vegetation that can then grow back either through natural regeneration or by planting. What is neglected in present forestry is the landscape pattern created through cutting which is often large continuous expanses of recently clear-cut land. In ecology we often talk about process and pattern. I will argue that we should emulate the pattern across the landscape. Wildlife (including all life) have evolved in landscapes with inherent patterns. If we can maintain the inherent pattern in a landscape I argue that we can maintain the wildlife. Here I outline a method for describing landscape patterns and maintaining these patterns through forest management.     

基于LMDI模型的黄河中游城市群水土资源利用影响因素分析

[目的]水土资源是城市发展的重要生产要素,是探索黄河中游城市群水土资源利用过程中的关键因素,对科学促进黄河中游城市群经济快速发展具有重要意义。[方法]以黄河中游三大城市群为例,通过运用LMDI加法模型对2010—2019年黄河中游三大城市群分别构建影响水资源消耗量变化及城市建设用地数量变化的因素分解模型,计算并比较不同驱动因素的效应值。[结果](1)水资源利用效率提高和产业结构的优化能够抑制水资源消耗量的增加,而经济规模和人口规模扩大则促进其增加。(2)产业规模、经济规模及人口规模扩大对建设用地扩张存在推动作用,而城市建设用地消耗强度对建设用地扩张具有抑制作用。(3)对于水资源利用量变化,黄河中游不同城市之间产业结构优化水平存在较大差距;对于城市建设用地变化,三大城市群总效应值比较结果为关中平原城市群>中原城市群>晋中城市群。[结论]基于区域差异和时间差异角度探讨黄河中游城市群水土资源利用的影响因素,有助于丰富水土资源可持续利用的相关研究,为黄河中游城市群的可持续发展提供理论指导。     

Indigenous collaborative research for wildlife management in Amazonia: The case of the Kaxinawá, Acre, Brazil

Wildlife is a critical food resource throughout Amazonia. Consequently, adaptive management based on continued resource evaluation is essential to ensure long-term sustainable use of Amazonian wildlife. Since 1996, the Kaxinawá people of Western Amazonia have participated in a capacity-building program focused on natural resource management leading to the development of a territorial management plan that includes monitoring of wildlife use. In this study, we report the results of collaborative management-oriented research where hypotheses designed by the Kaxinawá about game availability within their territory were supported by the analysis of self-monitoring hunting data collected through a methodology designed in collaboration with conservation biologists. Results support Kaxinawá hypotheses that: (1) there is variation of game availability among villages in Kaxinawá territory; (2) preferred game species are more available to those villages closest to the isolated headwaters; and (3) previous land and wildlife use, present density of villages, and human population density are the main factors causing observed variations of game availability. The results of this study suggest the relevance and value of long-term participatory studies to complement short-terms academic studies of biodiversity and natural resource use and management.     

1980—2020年内蒙古自治区通辽市土地利用变化及其驱动力

[目的] 分析内蒙古通辽市土地利用变化及其驱动力,为该地区经济建设、土地可持续发展提供科学依据。[方法] 基于通辽市1980—2020年8期土地利用数据及统计年鉴数据,采用土地利用动态度、土地利用程度、土地利用转移矩阵和主成分分析方法对通辽市土地利用变化特征及其驱动力进行研究分析。[结果] 通辽市1980—2020年土地利用以耕地和草地为主,耕地总面积增加了3 037 km²,整体增幅为20.48%,草地总面积减少了2 922 km²,整体减幅为10.40%。建设用地面积在40 a间持续增加,其单一土地利用动态度最大。土地利用程度综合指数处在中低等水平,由于研究期间综合指数变化率为正值,整体上处于上升发展期。研究期间内草地主要转化为耕地、林地、建设用地及未利用土地。通辽市土地利用变化的社会经济驱动力以经济发展水平、农业发展水平、社会富裕程度和产业结构为主,人口的影响次之。气候驱动因素方面主要是年平均气温和年降水量的影响较为显著。[结论] 1980—2020年通辽市土地利用空间上存在明显异质性,土地利用变化速度趋于稳定,土地利用水平不断提高,土地利用转换愈加频繁,社会经济和气候因素对土地利用变化有正向显著作用,整体上不断促进该地区经济建设和土地可持续发展。     

Biodiversity gains and losses: Evidence for homogenisation of Scottish alpine vegetation

Alpine areas are important biodiversity reservoirs, but are subject to anthropogenic drivers including climate change, nitrogen deposition and changing land use. Alpine vegetation has been proposed as an indicator of climate change impacts, but this requires long-term data since these communities have high inertia. Most studies have focussed on climate impacts in open, high-alpine summit communities; we investigated responses of closed low- and middle-alpine communities to multiple drivers. Scottish alpine vegetation data collected 1963-1987 was used as a baseline to assess biodiversity change across a range of habitats and a wide geographic spread. Change was assessed over a 20-40 years period using a variety of metrics including α- and β-diversity indices and biodiversity changes were contrasted between habitats and areas. We also examined changes in key species′ distribution and cover. Species richness increased in most habitats, while diversity at the plot scale and β-diversity declined, resulting in increased homogeneity of vegetation. This occurred in closed alpine communities over a 20-40 years period, implying that these communities are considerably more dynamic than previously thought. Key northern and alpine species declined while lowland generalist species increased. This change was consistent with predicted impacts of climate change, but other elements of spatial pattern (decline in lichen richness in high deposition areas) were consistent with effects of nitrogen pollution. Assessment of biodiversity change differed according to the metrics used and we argue that biodiversity targets for conservation management need accurate definition and that multiple measures of biodiversity are required to accurately assess long-term change.     

近40年克里雅绿洲人口时空变化对土地利用/覆盖变化的影响

研究绿洲区域土地利用与覆盖变化及人类活动对土地利用与覆盖变化的驱动作用,对全球变化科学具有重要意义。该文通过精确空间化的1975年和2015年人口数据与土地利用与覆盖(land use and land cover,LULC)数据,运用网格单元法、线性相关、空间自相关、空间回归模型等方法,兼从全局与局部定量分析克里雅绿洲40a的人口变化与LULC变化的时空动态关系,探讨人口空间变化对LULC变化的驱动作用。结果表明:1)40 a来,克里雅绿洲的扩张表现在:人口显著增加,坤长14.277 7万人并向县、乡、镇中心集聚,建设用地与耕地向南部扩张明显,林地增加但趋于破碎化,草地与水域锐减。2)人口的空间变化是克里雅LULC变化及绿洲扩张的直接驱动力,直接表现为建设用地与耕地向南扩张,间接表现为林地变化、草地变化、水域变化。人口的空间变化对绿洲扩张的内部驱动作用,与绿洲北部恶劣的自然环境、克里雅河自南向北的流向共同作用,导致绿洲向南部扩张。3)地理加权回归模型能够反映更多的异质特征。在总体相关结果下,局部区域可能出现方向相反或大小不等的相关结果。研究可为当地政策制定提供依据。     

基于FLUS-InVEST模型的北部湾城市群生态空间碳汇演变模拟及驱动因素研究

[目的] 探究未来湾区城市群生态空间变化对碳汇的影响,找出变化背后的主要驱动因素,为城市群制定未来生态空间发展方向与策略提供参考,促进陆海新通道的科学开发。[方法] 以北部湾城市群为例,基于2010,2015与2020年土地利用数据,使用GeoSOS-FLUS模型预测生态优先、耕地优先及城镇优先3种不同预设情境下2035年的北部湾城市群生态空间土地利用格局,使用InVEST模型对2020—2035年各情景下生态空间碳汇变化情况进行分析,使用地理加权回归找出影响土地碳汇变化的主要驱动因素。[结果] 生态优先导向下2020—2035年北部湾城市群碳储量有所增加;城镇优先导向下碳储量降低较多,达到3.12×10⁶ t。坡度、人口密度和高程是城市群生态空间碳汇格局最重要的影响因素,城镇空间扩张是变化的主因。生态优先情景下,生态空间的土地将有所增加。[结论] 生态优先导向能兼顾城镇发展与生态空间的环境保护需求,城镇优先导向和农业优先导向会大幅降低碳汇。另外政策措施也需尽早制定以抑制城镇空间扩张。     

膜下滴灌棉花土壤水分动态变化研究

通过系统观察不同土壤类型棉花土壤水分动态变化规律，研究膜下滴灌棉花土壤水分的变化，以有效地提高棉花产量和水分利用效率。结果表明：膜下滴灌棉花土壤含水量呈现规律性的变化：在黏土地上，土壤含水量的变化趋势近似于抛物线，0～20cm土壤含水量最低，随土层深度增加，土壤含水量逐渐增加，至60-80cm达最大，随后又降低。而在沙土地，土壤含水量的变化趋势与黏土地相反。这种变化与土壤的理化、生物学特性以及棉花根系的生长发育有关。不同土壤类型膜下滴灌棉花产量、总耗水量及水分利用效率存在明显差异。     

不同地貌类型下黄土高原典型县域新增耕地利用变化

土地整治是中国增加耕地数量、确保粮食安全的重要措施。在中国农村人口不断减少、居民膳食结构改变的背景下,土地整治作为推进乡村振兴的重要抓手,其新增耕地利用方向该如何科学确定是亟需研究的问题。该研究以位于黄土高原的延川县为例,利用土地利用、耕地质量等数据,研究了新增耕地在黄土高原典型地貌塬（梁）、坡面、沟道的利用变化,并分析了不同变化类型新增耕地的质量在不同地貌类型的分布,结果表明,延川县新增耕地转变为非耕地的比例为20.69%,林地、草地是新增耕地转变的主要去向,果园种植收益远大于粮食作物种植收益,且果园种植为劳动密集型农业生产活动,需要的劳动时间多,加之农户劳动力数量有限未有更多时间将新增耕地用于粮食生产,使得新增耕地撂荒并转变为了林地、草地。沟道是新增耕地转变为林地的主要分布区域,沟道和塬面（梁）是新增耕地转变为草地的主要分布区域,塬面（梁）是新增耕地转变为果园的主要分布区域,不同地貌类型的水分条件是新增耕地在不同地貌转变为其他土地利用类型时存在差异的主要原因。也反映出,在果园种植收益高的条件下,即使位于沟道的水资源条件较好、质量较高的新增耕地,由于劳动力的限制,也不会被利用以进行粮食作物种植,而是被撂荒并转变为林地,相反塬面（梁）的新增耕地也会被利用为收益更高的果园。未来土地整治新增耕地应根据不同区域地形地貌、水资源等自然条件因地制宜地确定利用方向。     

吉林省通榆县农村居民地空间演变特征及影响因素

农村居民地空间格局及其动态变化研究有利于因地制宜进行居民地的整理与优化,促进农村土地的集约利用。以吉林省西部通榆县为研究区,运用GIS技术和空间分析模型,定量分析了通榆县1955年、1990年、2013年农村居民地的时空变化及空间模式的演变,并选取景观格局指数对影响农村居民地布局特征的因素进行了深入分析。结果表明:居民地聚集度排序为:1955年 > 1990年 > 2013年。在空间尺度为45 km处,3个时期的居民地聚集程度最大,表明居民地的聚集度随着空间尺度的增加呈先增加再下降的趋势。坡度、道路和水域等景观要素对通榆县农村居民地的布局有显著影响,随着坡度和距道路、水域距离的增加,农村居民地的斑块数都有不同程度的减少。1955—2013年人口的变化与居民地面积的变化具有一致性,人口膨胀是该县居民地向外扩张的重要原因。该研究可为农村居民地的空间布局提供决策依据,为新农村建设、增减挂钩规划、农村土地综合整治等提供应用参考。     

施氮量对长江流域滨海盐土棉花氮素吸收利用的影响

【目的】长江流域下游棉区棉花种植逐渐向沿海地区集中,但该地区棉花生产中氮肥运筹不合理问题突出,本研究旨在揭示长江流域滨海盐土棉花氮素吸收利用对施氮量的响应特征,以期为该区棉花的合理氮肥运筹提供理论依据。【方法】2010年和2012年在江苏省大丰市稻麦原种场(33.2°N,120.5°E)滨海盐土棉田,以湘杂棉8号棉花品种为材料,设置施氮(N)量0、150、300、375、450、600 kg/hm2试验,研究了长江流域下游滨海盐土条件下,施氮量对棉花产量、不同空间部位生物量和氮素累积分配特征以及氮素利用的影响。【结果】随施氮量的增加,棉花皮棉产量和氮肥表观利用率均呈先升高后降低的趋势,并在301 374 kg/hm2施氮量范围内,皮棉产量和氮素表观利用率达到最高,氮肥农学利用率、氮肥偏生产力和氮素生产效率则随施氮量的增加呈降低趋势。施氮量通过调控棉花不同果枝部位氮含量和氮累积量的动态特征影响氮素和生物量的累积转运,进而影响棉花产量。适宜施氮量(301 374 kg/hm2)下,棉株各部位氮素含量和氮素累积动态特征参数比较协调,有利于光合产物向生殖器官的转运,进而提高产量;过量施氮增加了棉株各部位氮素含量,棉株下部氮素累积速率加快,氮素快速累积期持续时间延长,棉株中部氮素快速累积期持续时间延长,棉株中下部的光合产物以及氮素向生殖器官的分配减少,吐絮期氮素的吸收比例和累积量增大,产量降低;施氮不足则降低了棉株各部位氮含量,加快了各部位氮素含量的降低,减少了氮素累积量,降低了棉株生物量和皮棉产量。【结论】在长江流域滨海盐土地区,棉花生产的推荐施氮量为301 374 kg/hm2,该施氮量下棉花产量和氮肥表观利用率相对较高。超过该适宜施氮量,棉花产量降低归因于棉株中下部光合产物和氮素向生殖器官的转运受到抑制,并且增加了生育后期氮素的吸收比例和累积量,棉花贪青晚熟。低于该施氮量则由于氮素供应不足,氮累积量和生物量减少,导致产量降低。     

红壤坡地降雨入渗、产流及土壤水分分配规律研究

选取农作区和荒草区两个不同利用模式下的红壤坡地，研究了降雨的入渗、产流及对土壤水分分布的影响。结果表明：（1）农作区和荒草区的径流系数都随着年限的延长而降低并达到稳定。降雨量成为影响径流量的唯一主导因素；农作区的径流系数显著高于荒草区（r〈0．05）。（2）农作区的入渗比率（入渗量／降雨量）低于荒草区；在持续降雨的情况下。农作区60cm以上土壤蓄水增量降低，但渗漏量保持不变．因此使入渗比率降低，而荒草区则在60cm以上土壤蓄水增量降低时，通过提高土壤的渗漏量保持较高的入渗比率。（3）降雨对土壤水分分布的影响受土壤初始含水量和垫面的影响。土壤初始含水量越低，降雨使土壤水分含量增量越大。在同等降雨置下，农作区只有40cm以上的土壤水分含量增加，而荒草区则为90cm以上。     

The trauma of no-choice: Wild food ethnobotany in Yaghnobi and Tajik villages,Varzob Valley,Tajikistan

Due to global change and the migration crisis both needing rapid attention, there has been growing debate about the drivers of change in the diet of migrants. Our study aimed to evaluate the consequences of forced resettlement on local ecological knowledge related to wild food plants among forcefully resettled Yaghnobi people in Tajikistan. We conducted 49 semi-structured in-depth interviews and recorded 27 wild food taxa and five unidentified folk taxa used by Yaghnobis and Tajiks in the villages surrounding Yaghnob Valley (including families ressetteled from Yaghnob Valley) in central Tajikitsan. The comparision between the two considered groups showed a high level of Tajikisation among Yaghnobis, both those who live alongside Tajiks as well as those living separately. The few families that still have distinct Yaghnobi plant uses are the ones which were given the opportunity to choose the spot in which to relocate and still visit the Yaghnob Valley regularly. On the basis of our study, we suggest that affording a choice of where to relocate is better than no choice, as the loss of motivation also affects the use of wild food plants. Given the pressure of the possible relocation of many groups of people in the light of global change, we suggest focusing efforts on studying similar cases in order to minimize the damage caused to people by relocation. The trauma of forced relocation, even just a few kilometers away, directly or indirectly affects wild food plant use and with this the food security of the community.

     

基于多智能体与CA结合模型分析的农村土地利用变化驱动机制

为深入剖析影响农村土地利用变化驱动因子的作用机理,研究农村土地利用变化驱动机制。该文以官林镇为例,以遥感解译、问卷调查及社会经济统计数据为基础,基于多智能体方法构建模型,定量分析自然区位因子和主体决策行为对农村土地数量和空间格局变化的驱动机制。研究结果表明:土壤p H值、表层土壤质地、农民年人均纯收入、各行业产值、与水源及道路的距离等自然区位因子对各类农村土地利用变化影响较大;智能主体的个体特征、经济特征、家庭特征等影响其用地扩张决策行为,进而影响农村土地面积变化,区位交通方面的因素影响主体的用地位置再选择决策行为,进而影响农村土地利用空间布局变化;元胞自动机(cellular automata,CA)和多智能体系统(multi-agent system,MAS)相结合的模型Kappa系数值为0.808 7,模拟效果较好,可以为系统研究农村土地利用变化,统筹安排农村各类土地利用规模、布局和时序提供科学依据。     

1990-2015年阿克苏市建设用地的扩展与驱动力

[目的]探讨新疆阿克苏市建设用地扩展特征及其驱动因素和存在的问题,为绿洲城市发展和建设决策提供一定的利用依据。[方法]以1990,2000,2010,2015年的Landsat TM/ETM⁺卫星遥感影像为数据源,借用ENVI进行监督分类,得出阿克苏市4个时间段的建设用地、耕地、林地、水体、未利用地等信息。应用建设用地扩展强度、速度,重心坐标转移、紧凑度、弹性系数等指标,研究阿克苏市建设用地变化规律。[结果]1990年建设用地面积为18.34 km²,2015年建设用地面积为91.61 km²,25 a里总扩展面积为73.24 km²,净增加了1990年的4倍。建设用地扩展中主要占用的土地类型为未利用地和耕地,面积分别为43.84,28.04 km²。建设用地重心坐标向EN,WS,WS方向迁移,靠近交通路线移动。1990-2000年重心坐标移动距离不大,移动距离为243.7 m。2000-2010年移动距离为832.2 m。2000-2015年移动距离最大（为1 568.2 m）,扩展形状为面状和条带状。建设用地外围紧凑度一直呈下降趋势,从1990年的0.201下降到2015年的0.066,城市空间形态越来越复杂。[结论]阿克苏市1990-2015年建设用地不断往外扩展。阿克苏市建设用地扩展速度在研究期间一直高于人口增长速度,而两者之间差距不断扩大,弹性系数为1990-2000年2.3,2010-2015年10.13,城市扩展与人口增长高度不合理。非农业人口因子、经济因子、政策因子、交通因子是引起阿克苏市土地利用变化最主要的驱动因素。