"FL-235型复刮式苎麻剥麻机"的研制初报

本文所述“复刮式苎麻剥麻机”的主要技术原理是受农村“压面机、手工刮麻、洗麻”的启示，利用了苎麻茎杆木质部、韧皮部和表皮等组成的不同物理机械特性，创新设计了“双滚轧刀互向可调式齿轮装置”、“夹持式手工复刮装置”和“自动喷水洗麻装置”，并通过反复试验和结构技术参数优化，达到了整机设计合理，结构紧凑，工作可靠，实用新型，效果突出的目的。     

话说"茶人"与"爱茶人"

一现在一些茶事、茶文化活动，常有“茶人”、“爱茶人”的称谓，有自称有他称。此两名词由来已久，溯本追源都出于唐代。“茶人”名词是陆羽所创，他在《茶经·二之具》说“”（即茶篮）时有“茶人负以采茶也”句，就是说陆羽称茶叶生产者为“茶人”。而“爱茶人”名词是白居易所创，他作《山泉煎茶有怀》诗云：“坐酌泠泠水，看煎瑟瑟尘。无由持一碗，寄与爱茶人”。白氏一生为官、丰产诗人，他创造“爱茶人”一词是在以名泉烹饮佳茗时引发的。白氏爱茶是他官务之余的生活享受，即业余爱好。两名词的对象是有区别的。二“茶人”、“爱茶人…     

浅谈大豆机械深施肥技术

浅谈大豆机械深施肥技术海伦市农业技术推广中心崔振发，闫风学，兰志华，黄立功大豆机械深施肥是充分发挥现代农机具作用。把化肥施到一定深度。满足大豆生长发育的需要，提高肥料利用率，已成为大豆创高产的一个重要因素。１９９４年，我市承担了农业部农机化司下达的“...     

"免深耕"土壤调理剂作用机理与使用技术

“免深耕”土壤调理剂是成都新朝阳生物化学有限公司采用国际领先的工艺技术，研制生产的一种高效、广谱、安全、低毒、无残留、作用机理独特的新型土壤调理剂。该制剂以高分子化合物为原料，内含高活性物质，以水为载体，进行土壤修复，具有改良土壤结构、疏松土壤、促进土壤形成水稳性团粒结构、增强土壤的通气性和透水能力，提高土壤蓄水保肥的功能；能降低土壤硝酸盐的浓度，促进土壤有益微生物的繁殖和分解土壤残留物质，有利于发展无公害绿色食品；能显著改善土壤水、肥、气、热的状况，为作物根系生长和植株生长发育创造一个良好的土壤环境；能显著提高作物产量，改善作物品质，达到增产增收，是发展少耕、免耕保护性耕作技术的最佳选择和首推新产品。     

大豆新品种"泉豆322"的选育与栽培技术

“泉豆322”是福建省泉州市农科所1984年以“古田豆”为母本，“九龙11号”为父本进行有性杂交，采用系地选育而成，原代号“84－69”。1994年2月通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定，定名“泉豆322”。     

大豆新品种"濮海10号"的选育体会

大豆新品种“濮海10号”是以“豫豆10号”为母本，“豫豆8号”为父本杂交选育成的高产、稳产、中早熟、抗逆性强和适应性广的优质品种。1998—2000年参加全国黄淮海中片区域试验，2000年同时参加全国大豆生产性试验。2001年通过全国农作物品种审定委员会审定，命名为“GS濮海10号”。     

"三赢"的背后--2004年上虞早稻收购回眸

早稻收购历来是上虞粮食工作的重中之重。2004年，上虞市粮食局认真贯彻落实中央和浙江省委两个“1号”文件精神，以“粮食增产、农民增收”和“确保粮食安全”为宗旨，按照“严肃政策，加强监管，搞好服务，力争多购”的指导思想，立足于一个早字，突出了二项重点，把握好三大环节，取得了近年来少见的入库进度快、质量好、服务优、无事故的好成绩。截止9月5日，共计收购新早稻1676万kg，     

中药的"十九畏与十八反"与中药的配伍禁忌

中药的配伍充分表现了药物之间在配伍之后所发生的变化，这些变化的关系可概括为相须、相使、相恶、相畏、相杀和相反等。相使、相悉体现了“宜”的关系，而相畏、相杀、相反等则体现的是“禁”“忌”的关系。随着科学技术的发展，后人对这一配伍规律进行了深入的研究。从多层面、多角度的进行深入探索，以充分利用珍稀的药物资源。     

大豆窄行密植高产栽培技术的研究

大豆窄行密栽培是一项引自美国的大豆增产新技术，经消化、吸收、改造，已形成大垅窄行密植、小垅窄行密植、平作窄行密植三种栽培模式，在不同生态条件和不同生产力水平条件下推广，一般可增产20％以上。已累计推广67万hm^2，获得了显著的经济效益。大豆窄行密植由于缩小了行距，扩大了株距使植株分布更均匀合理，增加了绿色面积，改善了受光条件，特别是改善了中、下层受光条件，是该项技术增产的生理基础。此项技术的主要内容是抗倒伏半矮秆的品种，深松深施肥，有效地使用除草剂技术和适于窄行密植的播种机械。     

杂交油菜喷施"九二○"效应研究

利用两系杂交油菜新组合9705研究了赤霉素制剂“九二0”对油菜生长发育及经济性状和产量的影响效应，结果表明，喷施“九二0”能促使油菜植株明显增高，根颈增粗，叶片增大，有效分枝与角果数增加，籽粒增大，单株产量的增加，而且“九二0”的作用效果在100～200mL／L浓度范围内有剂量效应，但就产量而言，以100～150mL／L浓度在苗期喷施2次为宜。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.