某牛场奶牛酮病流行情况统计分析

奶牛酮病多发生于高产奶牛,主要是奶牛体内的碳水化合物和挥发性脂肪酸代谢异常导致的营养代谢性疾病。试验为更好地防控奶牛酮病,选择阿拉尔市某奶牛场的高产奶牛,利用血酮检测仪对奶牛酮病进行检测,且对奶牛的年龄、胎次、产后时间与酮病之间的关系进行统计分析。结果显示,该奶牛场的临床型奶牛酮病总发病率20.95%,其中临床酮病占9.11%、亚临床酮病占11.84%。奶牛酮病在产后30 d内发病率最高,酮病的发生集中于4～9岁、2～4胎。     

奶牛酮病的研究进展

奶牛酮病是目前集约化养殖场多发的一种营养代谢病,主要与能量代谢相关,但由于其发病机理的复杂性,并没有全面性的分析奶牛酮病。本文对奶牛酮病的分类、机理及存在的问题进行综述,为进一步研究奶牛酮病奠定理论基础。     

奶牛酮病诊疗方法研究进展

奶牛酮病是高产奶牛常发病之一,是由碳水化合物供应不足导致机体动员体脂代谢,引起奶牛体内酮体大量积聚,进而引发全身代谢障碍致机体功能失调的一种疾病。近年来,由于奶牛饲养技术水平不断提高,奶牛的产奶性能也随之提升,从而使奶牛酮病的患病率也呈现逐年升高的趋势。目前我国奶牛酮病的发病率为15%,日本则高达17%[1]。高得吼等[2]对天水市5个奶牛场的奶牛进行酮病调查时发现,临床酮病发病率为6.54%、亚临床酮病发     

奶牛酮病的研究综述

奶牛酮病是奶牛酮血症、酮尿症及酮乳症的总称,随着高产奶牛群体的出现和奶牛产业的发展,奶牛酮病已经成为泌乳牛常见的营养代谢性疾病之一。     

奶牛酮病的防治

奶牛酮病是由于奶牛体内代谢紊乱所引起的一种代谢性疾病,近年来,随着我国奶牛养殖业的迅猛发展,奶牛的奶产量上升幅度较大,随之奶牛患营养代谢病的比例也逐渐增高,尤其是奶牛酮病,发病率呈逐年上升趋势。该病常发生于舍饲、运动不足及营养状况较好的奶牛。奶牛发生酮病可导致牛奶减产、奶质变差及繁殖力降低,给畜牧业生产造成的经济损失巨大。奶牛酮病的治疗原则是提高血糖浓度,降低血中游离脂肪酸浓度,抑制酮体的生成。以替代疗法为主,再给以丙二醇和辅酶A等辅佐药物,并且疗效显著。通过营养调控在一定程度上可以降低酮病的发生率。本文就奶牛酮病的发病原因、发病机理及其防治做以下论述,旨在对奶牛酮病的防治提供理论依据。     

奶牛酮病影响因素及与产后疾病关系研究

奶牛酮病是养牛业较常见疾病之一,不仅减少产奶量、降低牛奶品质,还可引起产后疾病,造成巨大损失。奶牛酮病主要与饲料能量不足、脂肪代谢异常、过度运动或紧张、疾病或压力以及管理不当等因素有关。如果预防或者治疗该疾病不及时,奶牛养殖业会造成严重的经济损失。本文主要从引起奶牛酮病因素、奶牛酮病与产后疾病关系、防治奶牛酮病措施三方面,对奶牛酮病进行综述,以期为我国养牛业健康养殖提供指导。     

奶牛酮病诊断方法及防治措施

奶牛酮病是影响畜牧业发展的代谢疾病之一。高产奶牛易患酮症,会对奶牛的健康、生育能力和产奶量产生影响。奶牛酮病的发生受遗传和营养因素的影响,培育健壮、抗病能力强的奶牛是养殖场的工作目标。论文从奶牛酮病的分类、国内外发病率及其对牧场生产的危害,综述了奶牛酮病的诊断方法及其防治措施,以期为牧场保障奶牛健康,提高奶牛生产能力做参考。     

奶牛酮病及其防治

近年来,随着我国奶牛养殖业的迅猛发展,奶牛的奶产量上升幅度较大,随之奶牛患营养代谢病的比例也逐渐增高,尤其是奶牛酮病,发病率呈逐年上升趋势。奶牛酮病是奶牛体内糖类和脂肪代谢障碍,导致血液中积聚大量的酮体,由尿液、乳汁和呼气排出,伴发低血糖为特征的代谢性疾病。据发病原因可分为原发性酮病和继发性酮病。该病常发生于舍饲、运动不足及营养状况较好的奶牛,特别是产后2~6周高产肥胖奶牛、经产3~5胎次奶牛多发。奶牛因患酮病可使奶牛在70d内少吃350kg干物质,而每少吃1kg干物质就少产1.94kg牛奶。同时奶牛发生酮病可导致奶质变差及繁…     

奶牛酮病的诊断与防治方法

奶牛酮病是碳水化合物和挥发性脂肪酸代谢紊乱引起的一种危害性较大的营养代谢病,高产奶牛或分娩3~6 胎的奶牛患酮病的几率更高。随着养殖技术的进步,牧场会通过多种手段来提高奶牛的产奶量,而奶牛酮病不仅造成产奶量和消化机能下降,还容易引发奶牛内分泌系统和生殖系统的疾病。对奶牛酮病的病因、临床症状进行概述,并提出防治措施。     

奶牛酮病诊断与治疗

该文主要以奶牛酮病的诊断与治疗为重点进行阐述,首先分析奶牛酮病的发病机理与产生的危害,其次介绍奶牛酮病的影响因素与症状类型,再次阐述奶牛酮病的诊断思路,最后从替代疗法与激素疗法、镇静安神与口服药物、其他疗法、科学搭配日粮、关注干奶期奶牛与生产前后期奶牛的喂养、对特殊牛进行奶牛酮病预防几个方面,深入说明并探讨奶牛酮病的治疗策略与奶牛酮病的预防策略,给相关研究提供参考。     

奶牛酮病研究

酮病是高产奶牛常见的代谢性疾病。随着奶牛生产水平的提高，酮病发生率也逐年升高。本文从酮病的发生机制、症状，与其他围产期疾病的关系、病理变化和防治等方面进行了综述。     

奶牛酮病的发病机理研究现状及防治策略

本文主要就奶牛酮病的发病原因、发病机理的研究现状及其防治作一简要的综述,旨在对奶牛酮病的研究提供理论依据。     

一例奶牛酮病的诊断与防治

奶牛酮血病简称酮病,是由于奶牛体内碳水化合物及挥发性脂肪酸代谢紊乱所引起的一种全身性功能失调的代谢性疾病,本文结合病例,介绍了奶牛酮病的发病原因和临床症状,给出了几种诊疗方法。     

奶牛亚临床酮病发生的原因、检测及其防控措施

奶牛亚临床酮病无明显的临床症状,给奶牛业带来很大的影响。文章从亚临床酮病的危害、产生原因、检测及防控等方面进行了综述,以便为进一步研究奶牛亚临床酮病和更好地诊断和防治该病提供科学的理论依据。     

Epidemiology and genetic basis of ketosis in Finnish Ayrshire cattle

The epidemiology and genetic variability of ketosis in Finnish Ayrshire cattle were examined. In the spring of 1982, a new health recording system was started on all dairy farms in Finland. Ketosis data collected during the first year were analyzed. Seven percent of 8201 Finnish Ayrshire cows which were daughters of 80 randomly selected bulls were treated for ketosis. Eighty-nine percent of cases occurred within 8 weeks after parturition, with the highest occurrence 3–5 weeks after calving. When cases were categorized by month of calving the risk of ketosis was higher during indoor feeding (September-May) than during outdoor feeding (June-August). Ketosis occurrence increased with parity, but was not associated with milk yield. Problems in estimating the correlation between ketosis and milk yield were discussed. The incidence rate among bull-daughter groups varied from 0 to 26 percent. The heritability estimate of 2.3% for ketosis on the binomial scale was not significant, even though it corresponded 81% on the normal scale. Research is needed on new statistical methods for threshold characters in order that breeding programs can be designed to accoint for possible inherited susceptibility to metabolic diseases.     

一例奶牛皱胃溃疡伴低血钾综合征的临床治疗

2005年12月郑州牧业工程高等专科学校附属兽医院接诊了1例皱胃溃疡伴低血钾综合征的奶牛，该牛同时患有低血钙、酮病等。病情发展中患牛在血钾含量为2.28 mmol/L时四肢无力，卧地不起，通过补钾及综合治疗血钾升至3.45 mmol/L时又能自主站立，对皱胃溃疡采取消炎、抑制胃酸分泌、收敛止血等方法进行治疗。     

奶牛酮病的中西治疗及预防措施

奶牛酮病是奶牛围产期最常见的一种疾病,发病后引起的产奶下降、乳汁质量降低、母畜发情延迟等问题给奶牛养殖造成了很大的经济损失,因此,如何有效预防和治疗酮病对促进奶业发展和提高养殖效益具有重要意义。本文结合生产实际,就奶牛酮病的中西治疗法及预防措施进行了重点介绍,以供参考。     

奶牛亚临床酮症的研究进展

酮症是高产奶牛在泌乳前期的常见病。根据有无临床症状将酮症分为临床酮症（clinical ketosis,CK）和亚临床酮症（subclinical ketosis,SCK）。酮症会导致奶牛血液或牛奶中酮体浓度增加,目前主要通过检测血液中β-羟丁酸（BHBA）浓度高低来对酮症进行诊断。CK对奶牛的影响比较明显,因此更能引起牧场主的关注。而奶牛患有SCK后不表现出临床症状,往往容易被牧场主忽视。SCK如同CK和奶牛围产期其他疾病一样是造成奶牛经济和福利损失的主要原因之一。SCK大大增加了奶牛产后相关疾病的风险,如CK、真胃移位、胎衣不下、乳房炎和子宫炎等,另外患有SCK的奶牛生产性能大幅度下降（泌乳性能降低、繁殖性能变差、淘汰率增加）,给牧场的发展带来了不可估量的损失。SCK可能在未被发现的时候就已经开始对生产性能产生影响,而且它对生产性能的影响与CK引起的影响相当,但是由于缺乏临床症状而不被牧场重视。作者在这篇综述中将着重介绍奶牛SCK的最新研究进展,这不仅有助于进一步了解奶牛酮症的发病机理及SCK对生产力的不利影响,并且可提供针对SCK的不同检测方法和可行的预测方法来帮助牧场进行早期诊断,减少因SCK造成的奶牛福利和经济损失。     

Ruminant adaptation to negative energy balance. Influences on the etiology of ketosis and fatty liver.

Ketosis and fatty liver occur when physiologic mechanisms for the adaptation to negative energy balance fail. Failure of hepatic gluconeogenesis to supply adequate glucose for lactation and body needs may be one cause of ketosis; however, poor feedback control of nonesterified fatty acid release from adipose tissue is another likely cause of ketosis and fatty liver. The types of ketosis resulting from these two metabolic lesions may require different therapeutic and prophylactic approaches.     

Ketosis treatment and milk yield in dairy cows related to milk acetoacetate levels

Milk yield and milk acetoacetate (M-acac) were measured weekly for the first 6 weeks of lactation in 5 herds with a ketosis problem. Ketosis treatments and the corresponding ketotest score, were also recorded. The treatment rate was highest 7-16 days after calving. Most of these early cases were associated with low ketone levels in milk, whereas the treatment rate for cows with high ketone levels was highest 17-31 days after calving. Nearly half of the treated cows were low-ketone animals. They were classified as ketosis cases in the cow health card records, although probably suffering from other post partum disturbances in many instances. About 40% of the cows with high ketone levels recovered spontaneously. Reduction in milk yield associated with peak M-acac levels was transient and moderate. It was concluded that health card statistics overestimates the severity of the ketosis problem in Norway.