辽宁采用信息技术监测生猪价格

正辽宁省率先在全国启动生猪生产监测预警预报和形势预测发布制度,实现信息化监测预警。养猪户足不出户就可以通过网站、手机了解生猪生产和市场信息,通过错时上市减少损失。为确保养殖户第一时间接收到准确、有效的预测信息,缓解生猪产业持续低迷局面,辽宁省畜牧兽医局启动了生猪生产监测预警预报和形势预测发布制度,建立了全省生猪养殖信息化定位系     

猪场生产管理系统的应用和研究进展

生猪养殖是畜牧产业的重要部分,猪场生产管理系统是养殖生产管理的核心部分之一,是生猪养殖产业发展的重要推动力。产业互联网时代的到来,生猪产业不断发展,现代化、规模化的猪场亦在不断升级,猪场生产管理系统已经历从手工报表时代的基于单个猪场的简单管理系统到基于互联网技术的多猪场管理系统,再到目前的以大数据、物联网等为基础的产业互联网生态系统。不管何种猪场生产管理系统的设计和使用,目的应为我们构建涵盖各个养殖生产环节的数据系统,为养殖生产管理提供更好的服务。当前阶段,不同形式的以产业互联网为基础的生猪产业和猪场管理系统正推动着生猪养殖以及整个产业链的发展,将猪、人、物、料、财务等从农场到餐桌的各个环节整合在一起,给予我们一个大数据时代的猪场管理系统。文章将结合生产数据分析从传统猪场生产管理系统发展进程、基于大数据和产业互联网的猪场生产管理系统的研究进展这两个方面进行综述,旨在为猪场生产管理系统应用和研究提供理论参考。     

论信息化在生猪生产监测预警中的应用

当前的生猪养殖中规模化养殖模式得到普遍采用,不仅实现了喂食、防疫等方面集中管理,还切实加强了对生猪长势的监测,以此提供更科学的养分,加快生猪出栏。本文从生猪生产监测预警现状入手,讨论信息化技术在生猪生产监测预警中的利用,并分析如何在生猪养殖中利用信息化技术生产监测预警,希望对相关研究具有帮助作用。     

如何做好生猪监测预警工作

<正>信息模糊、信息不畅、信息发布不及时造成了生猪养殖的"盲人摸象"现象,养殖者、专家、市场对生猪产业的发展变化反应不一,生猪养殖业形成了独特的"过山车"行情,谁也掌握不准市场变化的节奏。如何才能做好生猪监测预警工作,使"猪贱伤农,猪贵伤民"的现象不再发生?只有建立全面权威的生猪养殖监测预警体系,扎实开展基础信息收集工作,解决信息不对称问题,科学引导生猪产业有序发展,才能有效     

湖南生猪生产当前形势与今后发展任务

本文分析了当前湖南生猪生产面临的新形势,指出湖南生猪养殖正由数量增长型向质量提升型转变,生猪价格持续高位运行,规模养殖逐步成为生猪产业发展的重要主体,但也受到环境、资源、市场三大因素制约。新形势下,湖南生猪产业发展要突出保障肉品供应、保证养猪效益、保护养殖环境三大目标,调整养殖结构,做大规模养殖,严格粪便处理,提高养殖效率。     

2016年生猪产业"互联网+"回顾与2017年展望

发展生猪产业"互联网+",是促进我国生猪产业提质增效、 加快产业转型升级和推进供给侧改革的重要措施,甚至可能成为我国生猪产业借助互联网而实现弯道超车的时代机遇.随着2016年移动互联网、 大数据、 云计算等先进技术与生猪的生产经营、 交易流通和金融服务等深度融合,我国生猪产业已逐步形成以"互联网+养猪"为核心的新模式和新生态.     

中国生猪产业新趋势

2014年中国生猪养殖持续低迷,生猪产业逐渐步入微利时代。新《环境保护法》的实施倒逼生猪养殖业进行转型、升级。面对各种资源要素的约束压力和产、销区的分离,生猪产业布局进入再调整时期,企业兼并与整合提速。随着生猪产业的发展,对人力资源职业化与专业化需求更加迫切,技术服务的托管模式快速发展。大数据与电商对传统生猪产业的影响日益凸显,并快速渗透到产业发展的各个方面。     

云南景谷县生猪产业发展特点及建议

云南景谷县生猪产业存在标准化规模养殖程度不高、养殖技术水平不高、畜牧业生产市场监测预警能力薄弱等问题,建议加强生猪生产的领导、大力发展适度规模养殖、加强技术指导和培训、提高现代畜牧业生产水平、加大对畜牧产业龙头企业扶持政策、加强市场监测预警。     

生猪强制免疫疫病的抗体水平监测与效果分析

<正>随着上海市都市型畜牧业的推进,生猪养殖业的持续健康发展和防疫工作进一步深入。在当前国内外生猪疫病防控形势下,生猪口蹄疫、猪瘟和高致病性蓝耳病成为危害养猪生产的最为重要的疫病,长期以来一直被列为生猪强制免疫疫病种类,同时针对三大疫病的免疫以及免疫抗体监测成为生猪疫病防控工作的重中之重。实时免疫抗体水平监测可以对疫病的发生进行科学有效的预警     

主推生猪健康养殖技术,力促养猪业转型发展——桃江县养猪业发展的实践与思考

桃江养猪业在震荡中前行,低质、低价、低效的活大猪生产是形成产业困局的主要原因。养猪产业转型发展是破解发展困局的优选方向,主推生猪健康养殖技术,力促养猪业转型发展,成为桃江养猪业发展主题。     

Phase I evaluation of CCNU (lomustine) in tumor-bearing cats

1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.     

Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects

Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.     

Prevalence of gastric lesions in racing Alaskan sled dogs

Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.     

Internal Parasites and Haematological Values in Cattle Slaughtered in Buea Subdivision of Cameroon

Tropical Animal Health and Production -     

The Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Dairy Cattle in Central Kenya

The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.     

Diversity of Ectoparasites in Sheep Flocks in Sa~o Paulo,Brazil

The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.     

Chemotaxis of macrophage in inflammation

Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.     

Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ

An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.     

Serum biochemical values and mineral element contents of tissues in yaks

Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein