河北省羊肉价格变化规律研究

论文利用SPSS统计分析软件分析了2012年11月至2020年12月河北省不同年度、月份和地区羊肉价格变化规律.结果 显示:河北省羊肉价格总体呈现上升趋势,第一,从羊肉价格波动空间角度来看,不同地区的羊肉价格受不同地区肉类资源禀赋的影响存在差异,其中张家口羊肉价格相对较高,而唐山、石家庄羊肉价格相对较低.第二,从羊肉价格波动时空演进角度来看,从2012到2020年羊肉价格表现出先减弱后增强的长期趋势,主要是受到突发事件、进口羊肉冲击以及其他肉类价格影响.第三,羊肉价格波动存在明显季节性,秋季和冬季羊肉价格偏高,而春季和夏季偏低,主要受到节假日和人们生活习性影响.     

羊肉价格波动分析和预测

本文以21世纪以来羊肉价格波动上涨为背景,选取2000—2016年羊肉价格年度数据和2015年1月—2017年12月羊肉价格月度数据,利用多元线性回归模型和联立方程组模型,从产、供、需、存4个维度分析羊肉价格波动现状及其成因。研究表明:我国羊肉价格总体呈增长趋势,同时伴随有小幅波动,波动主要表现为季节性和周期性的特征;羊肉的产量、进口量、上期存栏量、上期羊肉价格是影响羊肉价格的直接因素,生产羊肉所需的物质与服务费用、上期需求量、上期牧业收入、羊绒产量会通过影响产量间接影响羊肉价格;通货膨胀、政策因素和替代品价格也是影响羊肉价格的重要因素。     

2022年第一季度新疆羊肉市场价格分析报告

本文从全国、新疆及主产区羊肉市场价格和其他肉类、饲料原料市场价格五个方面,对2022年第一季度新疆羊肉的市场价格进行分析。得出以下结论：2022年第一季度新疆羊肉市场价格持续下跌;2022年第二季度新疆羊肉市场价格将继续下跌,但是下跌空间有限。主要基于以下原因：全国羊肉市场价格季节性下跌带动;新疆主产区羊肉市场价格下跌趋势显著;猪肉、鸡肉对羊肉的消费替代增加;饲料成本高位趋涨支撑羊肉市场价格。因此,政府应及时通过羊肉收储、投放和调运等进行供给调控,扩大南疆农区饲草种植面积和产量,确保南疆农区饲草的增产、稳价和保供;经营主体应调整肉羊养殖结构,降低养殖成本,加大羊肉精分割和速冻产品加工力度,提高羊肉产品附加值;消费者应理性消费,进行不同肉类的消费替代。     

国际羊肉价格波动对中国羊肉价格的传导效应研究——基于VEC-TARCH模型

国际羊肉价格波动对中国羊肉价格有显著影响。为了弄清国际羊肉价格与中国羊肉价格之间的传导关系,笔者运用向量误差修正模型(VEC)及非对称条件异方差模型(TARCH)实证分析国际羊肉价格波动对中国羊肉价格的传导效应。结果表明:1)国际羊肉价格与中国羊肉价格存在长期均衡关系,国际羊肉价格波动会传递给中国羊肉价格并且传递时滞为1年;格兰杰(Granger)因果关系检验得知国际羊肉价格波动是中国羊肉价格波动的成因,反之则不成立;脉冲响应图显示,国际羊肉价格对中国羊肉价格产生显著冲击响应,反之中国羊肉价格对国际羊肉价格冲击响应不显著。2)当国际羊肉价格上涨时,中国羊肉价格上涨程度大于国际羊肉价格上涨程度;当国际羊肉价格下跌时,中国羊肉价格下跌程度要小于国际羊肉价格引发中国羊肉价格上涨程度。     

肉羊产业前景一片光明

羊肉市场供需两旺,价格稳中有升。在江苏省市场上,活羊价格在9元(千克价,下同)左右波动,羊肉价格为15元左右,羊皮价格为25元/张左右。以铜山县吕梁乡农贸市场为例,全年活羊价格平均为8.96元,比2003年增14.1%;羊肉价格平均为14.75元,比2003年增1.2%;羊皮价格平均为28.4元/张,比2003年增3.4元/张。在东台市安丰交易市场,全年活羊价格平均为8.5元,比2003年增8.7%。预计2005年江苏省肉羊业将继续保持良好势头,活羊和羊肉价格稳中有升。北京市场上,羊肉价格更是大幅上升。一般年份开春后,羊肉的消费量减少,羊肉价格都会回落。但今年的情况例外,北…     

马年肉羊价格仍有上涨空间

正一、2013年特点(一)羊产品价格升多降少1.羊肉价格在高价位上又创新高2007年下半年,受猪肉价格上涨的拉动,羊肉市场价格出现大幅上涨,12月份羊肉价格为32元/千克,比年初上涨33%。此后,羊肉价格继续较快上涨。其中,羊肉价格从2008年的31元/千克涨至2012年的57元/千克,上涨了84%。2013年第一季度羊肉价格65.8元/千克,同比上涨12.7%,比2012年12月份上涨了4.7%。     

基于UVSVM模型的中国羊肉价格波动及影响研究

我国羊肉价格自 2006 年以来产生了较为明显的波动,给市场带来较大的不确定性。本文将分析我国羊肉价格随机波动与价格之间的动态反馈关系,研究在参数可变模型(TVP)基础上,利用 UVSVM 模型,分析 2000 年 1 月 2018 年 5 月中国羊肉价格的波动特征,以及这种价格波动率的不确定性对价格水平的影响。结果表明:羊肉价格的随机波动对羊肉价格水平的影响较小;但羊肉价格水平的变化会影响短期羊肉价格的随机波动,当羊肉价格较高时,价格的随机波动会减弱,当羊肉价格水平较低时,价格波动随之扩大;价格的随机波动偏离价格水平均值越远,这种波动会加剧,且呈螺旋式扩张。基于此,政府应该采取相应预警措施,抑制价格短期剧烈波动,保证市场平稳运行。     

世界羊肉价格变动趋势分析

本文分析了最近十几年世界羊肉价格的变化情况,结果表明世界羊肉年均价格呈缓慢增长的平稳状态。结合世界总人口数量、消费者价格指数和世界羊肉产量的变化趋势图可以看出,世界羊肉价格与世界总人口数量和消费者价格指数的变化方向一致,故而价格变动趋势可能受到人口数量和消费者价格指数变动的影响。本文还通过世界与中国羊肉价格的趋势曲线,简单分析了国际和国内羊肉价格之间的联动关系。     

市场

正2015年牛羊肉价格整体不及往年2015年牛羊肉价格整体不及往年,其中,牛肉价格大体稳定,羊肉价格弱势调整。连续疯长数年的牛羊肉价格在2015年极为反常,不涨反降。分季度看,一季度调整波动最大的是羊肉价格,羊肉价格整体呈全面下跌局面;二季度市场震荡调整,牛羊肉价格涨跌不一。牛肉价格稳中有涨,先扬后抑,羊肉价格     

陕西省羊肉价格的变动及其对养殖户的影响

肉羊养殖是陕西省的特色产业,同时陕西省也是我国羊肉供给的重要地区。笔者以我国羊肉价格变动情况为背景,结合陕西省近10年来羊肉价格的变动情况,对陕西省羊肉价格变动的趋势进行了描述和分析。首先对陕西省近10年来羊肉的市场价格变动进行了回顾,找出形成价格变动的重要原因,其次分析了价格变动对养殖户的影响,最后根据分析的原因以及带来的影响,提出相应的对策和建议。     

Phase I evaluation of CCNU (lomustine) in tumor-bearing cats

1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.     

Prevalence of gastric lesions in racing Alaskan sled dogs

Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.     

Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects

Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.     

The Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Dairy Cattle in Central Kenya

The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.     

Diversity of Ectoparasites in Sheep Flocks in Sa~o Paulo,Brazil

The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.     

Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ

An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.     

Serum biochemical values and mineral element contents of tissues in yaks

Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein     

Avian brood parasitism — a growing research area in behavioral ecology (part Ⅱ)

正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in     

Internal Parasites and Haematological Values in Cattle Slaughtered in Buea Subdivision of Cameroon

Tropical Animal Health and Production -