水稻新品种辽优7号及高产栽培技术

辽优７号系辽宁省农科院稻作研究所选育而成 ,２０００年通过省品种审定委员会审定。该品种经辽宁省大面积试种示范 ,表现出具有优质、高产、稳产、适应性强等特点 ,为优质稻米开发和农业产业化经营提供了良好的品种条件。一、产量表现１９９５～１９９６两年省优质米区试 ,平均产量５６９．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照丰锦增产８．９% ,产量居区试首位 ;１９９７～１９９８两年生产试验 ,平均产量６２５．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照辽盐２８２增产１３．２ %;１９９２～１９９９年大面积种植一般产量６５０ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,最高产量７８１…     

甬优2号的特征特性及主要栽培技术

甬优２号系宁波市农科院和宁波市种子公司合作育成的杂交粳稻新品种。浙江省１９９８和１９９９两年杂交晚粳稻区试 ,平均单产分别为４７０．０ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２和４０２．１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照秀水１１增产１２．４４%和６．１０%。１９９９年慈溪市周巷镇单季连片种植３７．３ｈｍ２,平均单产５６４．２ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２。２０００年诸暨市大面积试种示范 ,３个单季百亩示范方 ,平方单产５６６．９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２。各地普遍认为该品种杂种优势强 ,单双季兼宜 ,优质、高产 ,好看、好种。一、主要特征特性１.生育期该品种为中熟晚粳…     

优质、中熟早籼品种嘉育164的特征特性及其栽培技术要点

嘉育１６４由浙江省嘉兴市农科院杂交育成的优质、高产、中熟早籼品种。２００１年１２月和２００２年２月分别通过浙江、湖北省品种审定。２０００年浙江省种植２７ｈｍ２,２００１年达８６０ｈｍ２,并在湖北等省示范推广。一、产量表现１９９８年浙江省“９４１０”联品试验 ,单产５１６．６ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照浙８５２增产１４．５% ,达极显著水平 ,比对照嘉育２９３增产０．６２%。经浙江省“９４１０”协作组推荐 ,１９９９年参加浙江省早籼中熟组区试 ,平均单产４０５．４ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照嘉育２９３仅减产０．３６%。２…     

2000年武义县优质米品种试验结果

为适应当前农业结构调整的需要 ,筛选出适宜我县种植的优质米新品种 ,进一步鉴定新品种的丰产性、稳定性、适应性和抗逆性 ,为新品种的审定和推广提供科学依据 ,我们引进了６个晚稻品种进行了试验。现将试验结果通报如下 :一、试验结果１ .产量分析品种试验的６个品种的产量在２６４．０～３６３．５ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,产量最高的是粤香占 ,平均单产３６３．５ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照湘晚籼３号 (单产２６４．０ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２)增产９９．５ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,增３７．６９% ,居首位。其次是胜泰１号 ,平均单产３５４．５ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２…     

优质杂粳常优1号的特征特性及高产栽培技术初探

常优１号 ,系江苏省常熟市农科所育成的杂交粳稻新组合。无锡市于２０００年引进试种。一、产量表现２０００年参加无锡市品比试验 ,平均单产６３３．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,２００１年续试平均单产６４７．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,均位居参试品种的首位 ,比对照武运粳７号分别增产８．０%和１．９７ %。２０００年江苏省江阴市顾山示范区试种０．２６ｈｍ２,平均单产６５２ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,２００１年示范种植１．９７ｈｍ２,平均单产６８１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,较相同栽培条件下的武运粳７号高５０ｋｇ以上。二、特征特性１.生育期常优１号属中熟晚…     

优质高效水稻新品种溪野占10的特征特性及栽培技术

溪野占１０是早晚兼用、优质高产高效的水稻新品种。２００１年３月通过广东省农作物品种审定委员会审定。广东省２０００年试种２９７３．３ｈｍ２,２００１年种植９０１３．３ｈｍ２。一、产量表现１９９９年早季广东省区试每６６７ｍ２ 产量为４５７．９４ｋｇ,比对照品种粤香占略增０．５８ % ;２０００年续试每６６７ｍ２产量为４６３．５７ｋｇ,比对照品种粤香占略减２．９９% ;两年平均每６６７ｍ２产量为４６０．７６ｋｇ,比粤香占略减１．２５%。生产试验单产４５０～５００ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２。二、特征特性溪野占１０属感温型早、…     

淮稻5号的特征特性及高产栽培技术

淮稻５号系江苏省徐淮地区淮阴市农科所用复交材料７２０８／武育粳３号杂交选育而成 ,是一个集高产、稳产、优质于一体的迟熟中粳稻新品种。２０００年４月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定。一、产量表现１９９６年参加江苏省中粳联鉴 ,平均产量６３２．６ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,居１１个参试品种 (系 )第三位。１９９７～１９９８连续两年参加江苏省中粳新品种 (系 )区试 ,平均单产６２１．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照武育粳３号增产２．６% ,达极显著水平 ,居参试品种 (系 )第二位。１９９９年进入江苏省淮南中粳生产试验 ,平均单产６０４…     

早籼新品种杭959的特征特性和主要栽培技术

杭９５９是杭州市农科所用杭８８２０与早粳４号杂交 ,经多代选育而成的早籼新品种。自１９９５年定型后进入各级区试和多点示范。通过试种 ,该品系表现株型紧凑、分蘖力强 ,后期青秆黄熟 ,产量高 ,适应性广。２０００年４月已通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定。一、产量表现１ 区试产量１９９７年杭州市区试 ,７个点平均单产４１１ ６ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照浙８５２增产１０ ９ % ,比舟９０３增产７ ２ % ;１９９８年杭州市区试平均单产４４３ ９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照嘉育２９３增产７ １ %。１９９８～１９９９年金华市区试单产…     

湖北省2001年审定通过的水稻新品种

１．鄂早１３系湖北大学育成的早稻品种。１９９８～１９９９年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产４５５．５９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照鄂早１１增产１６．３０ %。全生育期１１２天。２．鄂早１４系黄冈市农科所育成的早稻品种。１９９８～１９９９年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产３９３．８７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照鄂早１１增产６．１０%。全生育期１０８天。３．鄂早１５系湖北省荆州农科院育成的早稻品种。１９９９～２０００年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产４２８．６３ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照鄂…     

优质、高产、多抗中籼水稻新品种青二籼的特征特性及其栽培技术

青二籼系河南省信阳市农科所杂交选育而成的中籼迟熟水稻新品种。２００１年６月通过河南省品种审定委员会审定。在河南省区域试验、生产试验及生产上较大面积试种示范中 ,表现出优质、高产、抗病、熟期适中、稳产性好、适应性广等优点。在豫南稻区示范种植深受群众欢迎 ,具有较为广泛的应用前景。一、产量表现１９９８年参加豫南稻区区域试验 ,平均单产５６７．０５ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照品种豫籼３号增产１１．０７% ,达极显著水平 ;１９９９年续试 ,平均单产５９４．０ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照豫籼３号增产３．００ % ;同年交叉参加豫…     

Milling,functional and thermo-mechanical properties of wheat,rye, triticale,barley and oat

The milling potential of hulled barley, hulled oat, triticale, rye and wheat was studied using a long tempering process and a laboratory four-roller mill. Regardless of the investigated cereal, the results indicated a significant influence (p < 0.05) of volume per surface area ratio on the milling yield and ash contents of the flour. The lowest milling yield was obtained in case of hulled oat. Solvent retention capacity profiles were determined for all investigated whole cereals and flours for predicting the contribution of different polymers to the functionality of samples. For all solvents higher values were obtained for the whole cereals compared to the corresponding flour. Thermo-mechanical properties of the whole cereals and refined flours were also investigated. If in case of wheat the gluten proteins play an essential role on dough behaviour during kneading at 30 °C, in case of triticale, rye, hulled barley and hulled oat, the fibers play a major role as well. Thermo-mechanical properties of starch registered a large variation between cereals and/or flours. The lowest torque value corresponding to starch gelatinization (C3) was registered in case of the hulled oat flour, 1.92 Nm, while the highest value in case of rye flour, 2.65 Nm.     

WTO与茶叶--法治、创新、流通、标准、茶协

本文从以法治茶;科技创新,以新品种、新技术、新机械设备,促使茶产品"升级换代;搞活流通;建立"茶市场",规范管理;实施标准,创立名牌;发挥协会、学会、商会的作用.由政府牵头,调动官、企、产、学、研各方面力量,建设浙茶为现代化、产业化的强省,为"入世"作好积极的准备.     

Ester and ether linkages between hydroxycinnamic acids and lignins from wheat,rice, rye,and barley straws,maize stems,and fast-growing poplar wood

Treatment of solvent extracted wheat, rice, rye, and barley straws, maize stems, and fast-growing poplar wood with 60% aqueous ethanol in 0.2 M HCl at 75 °C for 3 h released 51.8, 51.2, 47.2, 43.7, 54.0, and 16.7% of the original lignin, and 44.3, 50.3, 30.9, 36.1, 40.0, and 25.5% of the original hemicelluloses, respectively. It was found that the bulk of p-coumaric acid (PCA) (67.0–83.5%) was esterified at the lignin side chains, while ferulic acid (FA) is linked to lignin side chains through both ether bonds (51.6–68.3%) and ester bonds (31.7–48.4%), indicating that FA may form intra- and/or inter-molecular ester–ether bridges between lignin fragments, which is first proposed in this study. In addition to p-hydroxybenzoic acid esterified to lignins in the cell walls of wheat straw and fast-growing poplar wood, a small portion of ether-linked p-hydroxybenzoic acid in the lignin preparations, obtained from rice, rye, and barley straws and maize stems, was also detected. It was also detected that noticeable amounts of syringic and vanillic acids were predominantly esterified to the lignin molecules in the cell walls of the materials studied.     

Fucanomics and galactanomics: marine distribution, medicinal impact, conceptions, and challenges

Glycomics turned out to be a very extensive project where its subdivision is consequently emerging. This is seen by the growing number of terminologies used to define subprojects concerning particular classes of bioactive carbohydrates. Sulfated fucans (SFs) and sulfated galactans (SGs) are relatively new classes of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) that occur mostly in marine organisms, and exhibit a broad range of medicinal effects. Their structures are taxonomically dependent, and their therapeutic actions include benefits in inflammation, coagulation, thrombosis, angiogenesis, cancer, oxidation, and infections. Some red algae, marine angiosperm and invertebrates express SPs of unique structures composed of regular repeating oligomeric units of well-defined sulfation patterns. This fine pattern of structural regularity is quite rare among any naturally occurring long SPs, and enables accurate structure-biofunction correlations. Seeing that, fucanomics and galactanomics may comprise distinguished glycomics subprojects. We hereby discuss the relevance that justifies the international recognition of these subprojects in the current glycomics age associated with the beneficial outcomes that these glycans may offer in drug development.     

Phytosterol,Squalene, Tocopherol Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Selected Seeds,Grains, and Legumes

The unsaponifiable lipid fraction of plant-based foods is a potential source of bioactive components such as phytosterols, squalene, and tocopherols. The objective of the present study was to determine the levels of phytosterols, and squalene, as well as tocopherols (α and β + γ) in selected grains, seeds, and legumes. The method comprised acid hydrolysis and lipid extraction followed by alkaline saponification, prior to analysis by HPLC. In addition, the fatty acid profile of the foods was determined via total lipid extraction, fatty acid derivitisation and GC analysis. In general, β-sitosterol was the most prevalent phytosterol, ranging in concentration from 24.9 mg/100 g in pumpkin seed to 191.4 mg/100 g in peas. Squalene identified in all foods examined in this study, was particularly abundant in pumpkin seed (89.0 mg/100 g). The sum of α- and β+ γ-tocopherols ranged from 0.1 mg/100 g in rye to 15.9 mg/100 g in pumpkin seeds. Total oil content ranged from 0.9% (w/w) in butter beans to 42.3% (w/w) in pumpkin seed and the type of fat, in all foods examined, was predominantly unsaturated. In conclusion, seeds, grains, and legumes are a rich natural source of phytosterols. Additionally, they contain noticeable amounts of squalene and tocopherols, and in general, their fatty acid profile is favorable.     

Plant population,planting date,and germplasm effects on guayule latex,rubber, and resin yields

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a perennial shrub native to the Chihuahuan Desert. While guayule traditionally has been cultivated for rubber, more recently it is being cultivated for its hypoallergenic latex. Other uses including termite resistant wood products and an energy source have also been identified. However, the effects of various agronomic practices, such as planting and harvesting dates, plant spacing, cutting height and frequency, irrigation frequency, and herbicide application, on latex concentration and yield of newly developed germplasm have not been reported. The objectives of this study were to determine the yield and concentration of latex, rubber, and resin of four guayule lines planted at two populations and two planting dates. Four guayule lines (AZ-1, AZ-3, AZ-5, and 11591) were transplanted at two dates (28 November 2000 and 7 June 2001) and two plant populations (27,000 and 54,000 plants ha^?1). Treatments were replicated four times. Each treatment plot was subdivided into six subplots for harvesting at 6-month intervals beginning 1 year after transplanting. Results showed that transplanting date did not affect plant size or latex concentration or yield consistently. Instead, it appeared that the time of harvest (fall vs. spring) was more important. The sixth (last harvest) in the fall planting date and the fifth harvest date in the spring planting date were the optimum for plant biomass and latex, rubber, and resin concentrations and yields. The lines AZ-1 and AZ-3 were larger, whereas AZ-5 had higher latex and rubber concentrations than the control, 11591. The greater plant population (54,000 plants ha^?1) had higher biomass, rubber, and resin yields than the lower population (27,000 plants ha^?1) at the early harvest dates, but not at the later harvest dates (5 and 6). More studies must to be conducted to determine the optimum plant population and transplanting date for other newly developed guayule germplasm lines.     

氮磷钾肥对稻米铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量的影响

 采用田间试验，在四川省西昌市用两个水稻品种研究了氮、磷、钾肥施用量对稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量的影响。结果表明，稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量均随着施氮量增加先上升后下降，滇屯502的铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量都以施用90 kg/hm2 N最高，稻谷产量以施用180 kg/hm2 N最高；而合系39的铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙的含量以施用180 kg/hm2 N最高，稻谷产量以施用270 kg/hm2 N最高，说明供试籼型品种滇屯502对氮肥的敏感性较粳型品种合系39强；磷肥明显降低了稻米中铁、铜、锰、钙的含量和产量，适量增施磷肥有利于增加稻米中镁的含量和产量；适量施用钾肥有利于提高稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰含量和产量，两供试品种铁、锌、铜、锰含量均以90 kg/hm2 K2O时最高，而钾肥明显降低了稻米中镁、钙的含量和产量。     

Temperature,cyanide, and oxygen effects on the respiration,chip color,sugars, and organic acids of stored tubers

The possibility that sugar accumulation of potatoes stored at low temperatures may be linked to activation of cyanide-resistant respiration (CRR) was investigated. After a lag period of several days, continuous HCN treatment stimulated CO₂ production of tubers stored in 20% O₂. At 1°C in 20% O₂, HCN treatment increased respiration over that effected by low temperature treatment. After several weeks of treatment, cyanide-stimulated CO₂ production was greater at 1°C than at 10°C. Sucrose and malate levels of HCN treated tubers were sometimes higher than those of the 10°C control tubers, but they were always lower than those of the 1°C control tubers. This indicated that CRR alone could not account for the sugar increases at 1°C. Storage in 2% O₂ blocked the increase in CO₂ production and changes in constituents associated with HCN treatments in 20% O₂. HCN treatment had no significant effect on chip color. The level of CRR was measured in freshly cut slices from Monona, Norchip, and Kennebec tubers previously stored at 10°, 5°, or 1°C for several months. Slices from tubers previously stored at 1°C had increased CRR, but there was no difference in CRR between the 5°C and 10°C treatments. Sugars accumulated at 5°C, again indicating that sugar accumulation in potatoes stored at low temperatures was at least partially independent of the activation of CRR.