MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF QUEENSLAND STOCKFEEDS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SALMONELLA

One hundred Queensland stockfeeds were examined for their counts of total aerobic bacteria, coliforms, fungi and salmonellas. The total aerobic bacteria, coliform and fungal counts were significantly higher (P < 0.005) for mashes than for crumbles and pellets and salmonellas were isolated from significantly more (P < 0.005) mashes (64%) than pellets and crumbles (8%). Counts of less than 1 salmonella per 100 g were found in 36.4% of the 44 positive feeds. The remainder of the counts ranged from 1.2 per 100 g to greater than 147 salmonellas per 100 g feed.     

EXAMINATION OF BULLS FOR BREEDING SOUNDNESS

A Report prepared by a Committee of The Australian Veterinary Association comprising: Dr. D. B. Galloway, Professor D. C. Blood, Mr. J. D. Arnort and Mr. W. J. Arnott.
The Report is published by direction of Council for the information of members.     

沙门氏菌的检测技术进展

沙门氏菌是影响食品公共安全的重要因素之一。目前沙门氏菌的检测方法主要包括传统方法、以分子生物学为基础的方法、以免疫学为基础的方法、电阻抗法、生物传感器法、噬菌体法以及联合检测方法。本文主要对目前各种检测方法的原理、优缺点、应用情况以及发展前景进行了概述。     

鼠伤寒沙门氏菌致突变试验的方法学研究

本文对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌致突变试验在国内实验条件下方法标准化进行了研究。国产试剂配制的营养肉汤可满足试验菌株的营养需求,烧瓶振荡培养10小时即可达1～2×10~9存活菌/ml,肉汤培养物稀释后测定OD650可监测细菌密度。国产五氯联苯和Aroclor 1254诱导的Sprague-Dawley及Wistar大鼠肝S9活化苯并(a)芘及2-乙酰氨基芴的能力相似(P>0.05)。本文还提出以点试验估计受试物毒性及以参比物减小或消除多次实验间的误差。     

山羊球虫种类调查与电脑技术应用于卵囊测量方法的探索

为探索在电脑显示屏上直接观察、记录和测量球虫卵囊的方法,作者采用漂浮法、麦克马斯特氏法、卵囊培养等方法,并应用电脑和配置有彩色数码摄像机的双目光学显微镜设备,对毕节市的122份山羊粪样进行调查,在电脑显示屏上观察、记录和测量球虫卵囊。结果显示,球虫卵囊的感染率为96.72%,OPG值为600~23 400枚,平均70 57枚,鉴别出艾美耳属球虫8种,并对其卵囊的形态学特征进行了详细地描述。本调查调查结果表明在电显示屏上直接观察、记录和测量球虫卵囊的方法比在显微镜下易于观察鉴别,测量也准确、方便和省力。     

OBSERVATIONS ON SALMONELLA INFECTIONS OF BIRDS

During the period 1961 to 1976, 29 species of Salmonella other than Salmonella pullorum were isolated from 180 accessions of birds examined at the Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly. These birds were submitted to the laboratory from flocks with disease or production problems. S. typhimurium was the most frequently isolated serotype being obtained from 63% of accessions. Outbreaks of systemic salmonellosis occurred most frequently in young birds and although pathological changes were most commonly observed in visceral organs they were also seen in eyes, joints and the brain. Diseases other than salmonellosis were identified in many accessions of birds with systemic or enteric salmonella infections.     

SALMONELLA CONTAMINATION OF MEAT AND BONE MEAL

The production of meat and bone meal from 8 rendering plants was examined for the presence of salmonellas. Of 164 samples of final product 114 (69.5%) were contaminated with salmonellas. Of 65 samples, collected at various points from the production line 35 (53.8%), and of 95 samples collected from the processing environment 79 (83.1%) were found to be contaminated with salmonellas. A total of 41 serotypes were found with S. havana, S. eimsbuettel, S. ohio and S. singapore being the most frequently isolated. Pre-enrichment of 25g samples in buffered peptone water, followed by enrichment in mannitol selenite cystine broth at 42 degrees C and Muller-Kauffmann Tetrathionate Broth at 37 degrees C and plating on Bismuth Sulphite Agar was found to yield 98.5% of the salmonella-positive samples.     

熊胆汁的定性检查

本文比较了熊(黑熊和棕熊)、牛、羊、猪、犬、兔、鸭等动物胆汁的外观性状,并对这些动物的胆汁及熊胆制剂中提取的胆汁酸成分进行了薄层层析比较。结果表明,熊胆汁层析图谱具有明显的特征性。将它们水解后层析,只有熊胆汁含游离的熊去氧胆酸。根据胆汁样品及其水解产物样品的层析图谱,即可鉴定商品熊胆及其制剂的真伪。