越南农业生产概况

概述了越南的地理位置及气候条件,指出根据越南地形、土壤和气候条件,可将越南农业划分为红河平原、北部丘陵山区、中山部及中部沿海地区、西原地区、东南部、九龙江平原6个生态区,并介绍了越南农业结构以及玉米、水稻、木薯、红薯、甘蔗、花生、大豆、茶叶、咖啡、橡胶、胡椒、腰果、椰子等主要农作物的生产概况。     

越南农业生产概况

概述了越南的地理位置及气候条件,指出根据越南地形、土壤和气候条件,可将越南农业划分为红河平原、北部丘陵山区、中山部及中部沿海地区、西原地区、东南部、九龙江平原6个生态区,并介绍了越南农业结构以及玉米、水稻、木薯、红薯、甘蔗、花生、大豆、茶叶、咖啡、橡胶、胡椒、腰果、椰子等主要农作物的生产概况。     

越南胡椒生产概况

由于2006年越南一些胡椒种植地遭受严重的干旱,胡椒产量预计会下降,但其种植面积增加,胡椒供应量应能够满足出口的需要,保证了其在出口市场上的领先地位。越南现在平均每年生产10万吨胡椒,估计占全球胡椒产量的50%。据越南统计办公室报道,2006年第一季度越南胡椒出口值达到6700     

2005年世界香蕉生产概况

香蕉属芭蕉科(Musaceae)芭蕉属(Musa)植物,原产亚洲东南部,即中国南方及马来西亚、新几内亚和菲律宾等,是热带、亚热带最主要的水果之一。香蕉产量在各类水果产量中保持着第二至第三的排名,仅次于葡萄和柑桔。世界香蕉主产地分布于南纬30度到北纬30度之间,主要集中在中南美洲和     

老挝农业生产概况

文章概述了老挝的地理位置、气候条件以及农业在该国的地位,指出老挝农业生产按地理位置可分为北部、中部和南部3个农业生态区,并介绍了老挝水稻、玉米、花生、木薯、甘蔗、大豆、咖啡、香蕉、西瓜等9种主要农作物的生产概况.     

老挝农业生产概况

文章概述了老挝的地理位置、气候条件以及农业在该国的地位,指出老挝农业生产按地理位置可分为北部、中部和南部3个农业生态区,并介绍了老挝水稻、玉米、花生、木薯、甘蔗、大豆、咖啡、香蕉、西瓜等9种主要农作物的生产概况.     

越南马铃薯晚疫病的研究概况

晚疫病是越南马铃薯上最重要的病害。各马铃薯产区均有发生。在江河三角洲地区晚疫病的发生通常比较晚,从12月下旬即第二个生长季后半期开始发病,在1月至2月气温较低、湿度较大时,晚疫病常常严重流行。在Sapa地区（北京高原）,整个生长晚疫病对马铃薯作物都是主要威胁。在感病品种上病害的发生和严重度可达到100％。在大叨地区,在干旱季节（11－4月）晚疫病发生最轻,而在雨季（5－10月）严重流行。在越南,还未进行晚疫病菌生物学和流行学方面的基础研究。对晚疫病防治研究主要集中在筛选新的杀菌剂。大部分工作集中在抗病育种和抗病品种的筛选。目前需要进行晚疫综合治疗、流行学、晚疫病菌生物学和抗病育方面的深入研究和培训。     

巴基斯坦的水稻生产概况

本文主要介绍了巴基斯坦的水稻生产和出口情况,水稻种植生态区,目前正种植的水稻品种及主要的病虫害,并对巴基斯坦的水稻生产提出一些改进措施。     

越南香蕉出口前景看好

<正>越南香蕉树种植面积占越南总的果树面积的19%。香蕉年产量为140万t,但仍无法满足海外增长的需求。越南香蕉出口到许多市场,如日本、英国、俄罗斯、乌克兰、中国、新加坡和韩国。由于原材料缺乏及保存和运输技术等方面的原因,影响了香蕉的质量和外观。另外,香蕉价格的不稳定性,许多蕉农连根拔起香蕉树,改种更赚钱的水果树。     

越南胡椒生产

越南胡椒协会（VPA）称。由于长期的干旱，预计2006年越南胡椒产量会下降。     

Analysis on Rice Production and International Trade in Vietnam

This paper introduces Vietnam＇s climate condition,main rice production regions and analyses the expansion of rice planting area,rice cropping system during the last decades.The result from the change of rice production,planting area,yield,and rice trade indicates that the economic reforms in Vietnam from 1986 have contributed to a spectacular rise in rice production and exports.However,there are still problems and opportunities for rice production and export in Vietnam.The paper suggests that Vietnam should make the most use of the advanced international rice cultivars and technology to improve irrigation and water conservancy facilities to benefit rice farmer and consolidate Vietnam to be the major exporter of rice in the world market.     

不同肥料对香蕉和粉蕉果实挥发物的影响

为了解不同肥料对香蕉和粉蕉果实挥发物成分和含量的影响及其影响机制,以香蕉巴西(Musa AAA Cavendish subgroup cv.Brazil)和粉蕉广粉1号(Musa AAB Group Fenjiao cv.Guangfeng NO.1)为试材,研究了增施鱼粉和花生麸对果实挥发物及相关酶活性的影响。结果表明,香蕉巴西中检测到32种挥发性物质,粉蕉广粉1号中检测到25种挥发性物质,均以酯类为主,其次为醛类,粉蕉果实中没有烃类及酚类物质;香蕉果实挥发物总量为6 113.43~20 253.89μg/kg,粉蕉果实挥发物总量为1 614.09~4 383.99μg/kg。增施鱼粉和花生麸能增加香蕉和粉蕉果实的挥发物总含量和种类,促进大多数挥发物的积累,以增施鱼粉的效应最大;增施鱼粉和花生麸能够提高香蕉和粉蕉果实醇脱氢酶和醇酰基转移酶的活性,增施鱼粉的效果最明显;在香蕉和粉蕉果实后熟过程中,醇脱氢酶活性不断下降,醇酰基转移酶则出现一个活性高峰,香蕉和粉蕉具有相似的酶活性变化模式,但酶活性水平存在差异。香蕉和粉蕉果实在挥发物成分和含量上都存在差异,增施鱼粉可以提高果实醇脱氢酶和醇酰基转移酶活性,与增施鱼粉后香蕉和粉蕉果实挥发物总量和种类的增加有一定关系。     

Rural income generation through improving crop-based pig production systems in Vietnam: Diagnostics,interventions, and dissemination

Sweetpotato-pig production is an important system that generates income, utilizes unmarketable crops, and provides manure for soil fertility maintenance. This system is widely practiced from Asia to Africa, with many local variations. Within this system, pigs are generally fed a low nutrient-dense diet, yielding low growth rates and low economic efficiency. Our project in Vietnam went through a process of situation analysis, participatory technology development (PTD), and scaling up over a seven-year period to improve sweetpotato-pig production and to disseminate developed technologies. The situation analysis included a series of pig production assessments in several provinces in northern and southern Vietnam, and pig supply-market chain identification was conducted in 13 provinces. The analysis of these studies informed the project of the following: (1) appropriate locations for our activities; (2) seasonal available feedstuff and farmers feeding practices; (3) market fluctuation and requirements; and (4) feeding and management improvement needs based on which the subsequent phase of PTD was designed. The PTD involved a limited number of farmers participating in sweetpotato varietal selection, sweetpotato root and vine silage processing, seasonal feeding combination, and pig feeding with balanced crop-feed diet and silage. Six years of multi-location and multi-season sweetpotato selection resulted in a few promising varieties that yielded up to 75% more dry matter and have since been formally released. The most significant results of silage processing and feeding trials include improved growth, higher feeding efficiency, increased year-round local feedstuff, and considerable labor reduction from eliminated cooking and vine cutting. Once these technologies were developed, a farmer-to-farmer training model was designed for scaling up the adoption and impact. Farmer trainers from seven communes in seven provinces received training in these technologies. In turn, they undertook the responsibility of training other farmers on sweetpotato selection, processing, and feeding. An impact study was also administered to monitor and evaluate (M&E) the dissemination process and to document the impact of the new technologies and farmer-to-farmer training model on pig growth and farmer income generation. The results showed that both participating and non-participating farmers have taken up the technologies, although the former demonstrates higher rates of adoption than the latter. The participants also generated more income and saved more labor from the adoption of the technologies. While the scaling up and M&E activities are on-going, the project has since broadened from a sweetpotato-pig system perspective to a pig-cropfeed system perspective based on farmers needs. It has included other crop feeds such as cassava and peanut stems in the research portfolio. New technologies based on on-going PTD will continuously be incorporated into the future training curriculum.Dai Peters is currently a senior scientist with the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) based in Hanoi, Vietnam. This publication is based on research conducted while she was a research scientist with the International Potato Center (CIP). She holds a PhD from North Carolina State University. Her research interests include on-farm participatory research methodologies, agroenterprise development, and sweetpotato-pig farming systems in Vietnam and Papua, Indonesia. Her recent publications include a manual on crop-based pig feed systems, post-harvest fermentation of sweetpotato roots and vines, and agroenterprise development.Nguyen Thi Tinh is currently a coordinator of the sweetpotato-pig improvement project at the International Potato Center in Vietnam. Ms. Tinh holds a Masters degree in animal nutrition from Wageningen University, Netherlands. She participated in the project on pig feeding trials for five years.Mai Thach Hoanh is a sweetpotato breeder with the Root Crop Research Center of Vietnam Agricultural Science Institute (VASI). He holds a PhD in sweetpotato breeding from the same institute. He participated in the project for seven years on sweetpotato selection. Nguyen The Yen is a crop scientist in the Food Crop Research Institute of Vietnam. He holds a PhD in sweetpotato breeding from VASI. He participated in the project for five years on sweetpotato selection.Pham Ngoc Thach is a lecturer with the Hanoi Agricultural University. He holds a PhD in veterinarian science from the same university. He participated in the project for five years in controlling pig diseases during the feeding trials.Keith Fuglie is a regional coordinator and research scientist in the International Potato Center based at Bogor, Indonesia. He holds a PhD in agriculture economics from the University of Wisconsin. He designed the impact study for the project.     

留果梳数对香蕉果实性状影响初探

对8818香蕉进行留果梳数处理,并对其果穗形状、果穗重量和果梳重量等11个果指性状进行调查,结果表明:生产上香蕉每穗留8-9梳果时,香蕉果指各个性状符合行业标准,且能提高香蕉产量.     

高通量测序技术在香蕉抗枯萎病研究中的应用

文章综述了香蕉枯萎病的危害及防治、高通量测序技术的发展及其在香蕉抗病研究中的应用,发现香蕉受枯萎病菌侵染与JA信号途径有关,编码乙烯合成酶ACC氧化酶的基因和乙烯应答转录因子(ERF)在病原菌侵染香蕉后强烈表达.因此,今后可利用高通量测序技术对香蕉基因组进行研究,在香蕉基因组已经测序完成的基础上,通过转录组分析技术挖掘香蕉抗性突变体抗枯萎病的基因资源,获得香蕉抗性突变体抗Foc4的基因和位点;通过比较基因组学与生物信息学相结合,准确定位物种表型变异相关的基因组区域,加速香蕉中未知功能基因的挖掘和利用;克隆并研究控制重要抗性基因,掌握其抗病规律,为生产中防控香蕉枯萎病提供依据和指导,从而加速抗病品种的选育过程,获得抗性持久的新品种.     

我国鹭类的保护概况

鹭科鸟类是湿地生态系统中重要的生物种类之一,也是环境质量评价的一类指示动物。重点总结了我国鹭类生存现状、保护等级、保护措施等方面,为今后的深入研究及保护工作提供参考。     

海南香蕉产业发展存在的问题及前景思考

本文介绍了香蕉的特性,进而分析并列举了海南香蕉产业发展中存在的问题,最后结合海南的实际环境,提出了对海南香蕉产业发展前景的思考,以期给香蕉产业的从业者提供一些新的思路,在规避生产、销售过程中风险的同时,促进海南香蕉产业的健康、快速发展。     

高州市长坡镇香蕉合作社调查

农村合作社作为农村市场的新型主体,成为解决我国农村家庭小规模经营与商品经济大市场之间矛盾的重要手段,在社会主义新农村建设中发挥着越来越重要的作用。通过对广东省高州市长坡镇明河香蕉合作社进行调查,总结经验,找出存在的问题,并为促进农村合作社组织规范、健康和持续的发展提出建议。