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木材干燥应力是干燥过程中产生干燥缺陷的主要因素。文章根据数字散斑相关方法(DSCM)检测应力的原理设计出了一种非接触式无损检测木材干燥过程中应力的方法,用木材干燥表面测点位移的变化速率即应变速率来表示木材干燥过程中的应力状态,初步提出了建立木材干燥应力评价体系的设想。研究结果表明:木材表面测点位移变化量与时间存在着对数关系,与含水率变化量则呈线性关系。 相似文献
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丁小康张祥雪郝燕华刘姣 《木材科学与技术》2012,(3):40-43
对木材在干燥过程中产生的声发射信号进行采集和特征分析,结果表明:木材干燥过程中主要采集到两种不同类型的声发射信号:一种信号来自木材内部自由水的蒸发,与木质部导管内水分空穴化过程的声发射信号一致;另一种信号与木材干燥过快时自身形变开裂相关。作为一种木材干燥质量的控制方法,测量和分析声发射信号,可为木材干燥温度和湿度的控制提供依据,实现防止木材干裂、提高木材干燥质量的目的。 相似文献
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辐射化学是研究电离辐射与物质相互作用时产生的化学效应的化学分支学科.木材是一种天然生成的由几种高聚物(纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、抽提物)组成的有机复合体, 不同的高聚物在辐射过程中会产生辐射降解、交联等.文中主要概括了辐射加工的发展、特点、原理、辐射剂量, 并详细阐述了辐射加工在木材科学领域中的应用及进展, 主要包括木材辐射干燥、木塑复合材的辐射制备、射线辐射在木材改性中的应用、木材自由基对木材耐候性及辐射对木材各化学组分的影响; 分析了辐射技术在木材科学领域中的应用与发展趋势. 相似文献
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随着我国林业资源保护的深入化,无损检测被广泛应用于木材的缺陷检测中,木材应力波检测是主要的检测方法,而受其多种因素的影响,导致木材检测缺陷的精度无法提升。为了进一步明确影响木材应力波检测精度的因素,分别对目前检测过程中的形状、传感器数量与位置分布等进行了实验。研究数据表明,林木的形状、传感器数量、传感器位置分布对木材应力波检测精度具有显著影响,相关领域的检测部门,应重点对这3种影响因素进行检测的优化,从而得到更为精准的检测数据,促进林业资源的稳定前行。 相似文献
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透明木材是一种节能环保型木质基复合材料,因其具有透光率高、质地轻、隔热性好和成本低等优良特性,发展前景广阔。然而,透明木材内木模板与浸渍聚合物间的界面缺陷是导致该复合材料光学性能和力学性能降低的主要因素之一。为了更好地制备与使用透明木材,笔者围绕透明木材界面的基础性研究与应用现状展开详细论述。首先以讨论透明木材的制备方法及透光原理为切入点,依次介绍了透明木材界面的形成原理、研究意义和测试方法;随后通过文献研究法、对比法与数据归纳法总结出目前对于透明木材界面优化的相关方案,包括木模板改性、树脂改性和整体工艺的创新。目前这类研究大多聚焦在对木模板与树脂间界面空隙的缩小,以增强样品的结构与性能,少数研究也朝着界面选择性设计调控、界面可逆形变等方向发展。最后论述了透明木材界面研究成果在节能建筑、智能窗口、光电器件与家居设计等领域的相关应用。通过对透明木材界面的基础研究与应用的归纳梳理,可为今后更好地研究透明木材的界面特性并拓展透明木材的功能运用提供参考。 相似文献
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超声波检测在木材强度无损检测系统中应用非常广泛.针对检测系统精度越来越高的要求,本文提出了一种用数字处理芯片(DSP)来进行木材强度测定的方法,讨论其检测原理,给出了具体的硬件实现电路和软件设计. 相似文献
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J. L. Bowyer 《Wood Science and Technology》2000,34(3):175-181
Summary The 1999 IAWS Academy Lecture examined the field of wood science – past, present, and future. Although the history of wood
science has been less than a century in the making, the history of innovation in wood products design and use extends over
a much longer time frame. It is a bit humbling to realize that some of the products that are discussed in technical and scientific
meetings today had their origin hundreds or even thousands of years ago. Wood science research efforts began as early as the
late 1800s, but formal establishment of research and academic institutions did not occur until after the beginning of the
20th century. In the half century that followed 1910, wood science gradually became recognized as a separate and distinct
field of science, technological development, and professional pursuit. The wood science and technology profession is currently
at a defining moment in history. Despite considerable scientific advancement and new product innovation relative to wood science
in recent decades, wood science and technology as a profession and field of academic study is undergoing decline in the United
States and several other regions of the world. Professional societies, institutions, and agencies that focus on the science
and technology of wood as an industrial material, including the International Academy of Wood Science, will likely need to
change to be effective in the future.
Received 15 October 1999 相似文献
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世界木材科学研究现状与我国的发展战略 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
文章论述了木材科学在林业科学和国民经济建设中的地位和作用, 介绍了国外木材科学基础研究的现状及发展趋势.作者对我国木材科学研究现状和存在的问题进行了分析, 并提出了我国木材科学的发展对策和木材科学基础研究的7个重点领域. 相似文献
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木材科学与技术研究新进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
吴义强 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,(1):1-28
木材作为世界四大基础材料中(钢铁、水泥、塑料、木材)唯一的可再生资源,广泛应用于家具、建筑、能源、新材料等领域,与人们的生活息息相关,已成为国民经济重要支柱产业.从木材微观分子生物学到宏观木结构,再到新型木质纳米材料进行全面阐释,对于木材科学与技术领域的基础理论研究和重大核心技术突破具有重要指导意义.木材科学与技术已发... 相似文献
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Bernard M. Collett 《Wood Science and Technology》1972,6(1):1-42
The study of adhesion in wood and wood-based products becomes increasingly important as work continues toward greater utilization of our total forest resources. The present quality of adhesively bonded wood products will be improved in order to achieve bond quality that harnesses the full strength of wood and, more importantly, leads to greatly enhanced bond durability. These goals will primarily be reached through developing a chemically-anchored bond interface and resin systems that are more flexible and compatible in the cured state.This paper presents a selected review of current findings and thought in the general field of surface and interfacial adhesion, and attempts to give a detailed look at efforts in wood science to understand basic phenomena of adhesion in wood and apply them in achieving a strong and durable bonded state. A brief introductory discussion on the nature of the basic forces involved in all interactions between materials at the atomic and molecular level is included. The general field of interfacial adhesion is reviewed in order to find important factors basic to the adhesion phenomena that have survived long, intensive research efforts in this field. Finally, an in-depth look is taken at interfacial adhesion in wood science. 相似文献
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A. Pizzi 《Wood Science and Technology》2000,34(4):277-316
Tannin adhesives are a relatively old but limited speciality which has become again topical with the very marked environment-friendly
outlook of wood science at the beginning of the new century. Although the lecture will start by intermingling the technical
experience of the author in this field mainly with some humorous stories on the early and not so early beginnings of this
speciality, this will only be a brief introduction to more recent scientific/technical developments on mainly synthetic thermosetting
adhesives, although natural adhesives will not be forgotten. The lecture will also relate in a very brief form, and without
being limiting, some of the author's developments in synthetic (and some natural) resins wood adhesives, and in other fields
of wood science and wood technology which might have or have had an impact on the advancement of this field.
Received 20 June 2000 相似文献
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文章介绍了由于木材供需市场变化,日本政府制定的木材工业新技术开发研究领域的近期目标,这对于我国制定木材科学与技术研究目标有一定的借鉴和参考价值。 相似文献
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浅议我国从人造板大国迈向人造板强国的途径 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
人造板是木材工业中技术最密集、用途最广泛、最具发展潜力的产品,是衡量一个国家木材工业、木材科技水平和综合国力的重要标志。改革开放20多年后的今天,中国人造板已进入大规模工业化生产,成为有自己特色和优势的新型产业,步入世界人造板大国行列。但是,与世界人造板强国相比,中国人造板生产还存在明显的差距,表现在企业规模偏小、技术水平与国外差距较大、扩大再生产投入资金不足和技术开发研究重视不够等。为使中国迈向人造板生产强国,必须制订好中长期发展规划,在优化人造板的产品结构,实现人造板生产过程自动化,大力开发有自主知识产权的创新技术和产品,开发废旧木材和废弃人造板资源的再利用技术,加强人造板工业的标准化管理和产品质量监督检验,重视人造板工业的人才培养等多方面进行努力。 相似文献