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镇江港每年都有大量的木材进口,据调查这些木材上的天牛情况比较复杂,对我国林业生产存在着潜在的威胁。由于在进口木材检疫中发现的天牛均为幼虫,且可资鉴定的资料较少,因而给检疫工作带来了困难。1988年,我们开始了对进口木材天牛幼虫的调查、饲养及鉴定工作。如 相似文献
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应用生物防治技术控制天牛危害 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
天牛是多种林木、果树、花卉的重要蛀干害虫,其周期性暴发往往造成林业、果树业巨大的经济损失。 本文从天敌、纤维素酶抑制剂,植物引诱和性信息素、寄主抗虫性等四个方面对天牛生物防治的研究和应用进 行了论述。 相似文献
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以云南主栽核桃品种漾濞泡核桃林为研究对象, 使用4种引诱剂诱捕天牛, 实地调查天牛发生种类及种群消长动态, 结果表明:漾濞泡核桃林发生的天牛种类有3亚科7属11种, 它们分别是幽天牛亚科的梗天牛属, 天牛亚科的闪光天牛属和绿虎天牛属, 沟胫天牛亚科的墨天牛属、梯天牛属、星天牛属和瘤象天牛属, 其中以墨天牛属的松墨天牛、梗天牛属的赤梗天牛、梯天牛属的橄榄梯天牛、瘤象天牛属的麻点瘤象天牛数量居多, 分别占诱捕总量的65.77%、15.32%、7.21%和2.70%。首次发现闪光天牛属的中华闪光天牛对核桃有较严重为害。对核桃有为害的天牛共有7种, 分别是:绿虎天牛属的绿毛绿虎天牛、梯天牛属的粗角梯天牛、星天牛属的星天牛和蓝斑星天牛、瘤象天牛属的灰背瘤象天牛和麻点瘤象天牛、闪光天牛属的中华闪光天牛。试验区天牛成虫的活动期集中发生在5月-7月。该研究为云南漾濞泡核桃林天牛的科学监测和及时防治提供了理论依据和指导。 相似文献
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2002年4月,上海局在对来自法国、德国的带皮榉木板材检疫时截获大量天牛成、幼虫,经鉴定为黄褐棍腿天牛和黄纹曲虎天牛,二种天牛均属天牛亚科,据文献记载,黄纹曲虎天牛在我国有局部分布,而黄褐棍腿天牛则无分布.鉴于天牛对林木的危害性极大,具有较重要的检疫意义,在此对二种天牛作简单介绍供参考. 相似文献
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F. Herard M. Maspero N. Ramualde C. Jucker M. Colombo M. Ciampitti B. Cavagna 《EPPO Bulletin》2009,39(2):146-152
In June 2007, the Asian longhorned beetle Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) was found at Corbetta, in Lombardy, 23 km west of Milan, Italy. The invasive exotic pest was observed in four host trees, one sycamore maple Acer pseudoplatanus L. and three silver birches Betula pendula Rothmahler. During summer 2007, 20 living and 107 dead A. glabripennis beetles were collected on or around the infested trees. The dissection of the infested material showed that 287 beetles emerged from the trees during previous years and 158 living larvae of varied ages were still developing in April, 2008. Fortunately, it appears that predation by birds on early stage larvae developing under the bark, played a major role in limiting the developing pest population. A. glabripennis is native to China and Korea where it is considered as a serious pest of many deciduous trees including maples, poplars, and willows. During the last decade, it was accidentally introduced into the USA, Canada, Austria, Germany and France in wood packaging material of goods imported from China. The current discovery in Italy is the first record of the Asian pest in this country. 相似文献
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花绒寄甲作为天牛类害虫的重要天敌在我国广泛应用于生物防治,尤其在控制松材线虫最重要的传播媒介松褐天牛方面发挥了重要作用,它在自然界与不同种类的天牛长期协同进化,形成了不同生物型。本文在辽宁省抚顺松材线虫病疫区的疫木上调查发现了花绒寄甲越冬成虫,通过形态学和生物学观察,确定了该花绒寄甲为云杉花墨天牛生物型花绒寄甲。这是花绒寄甲作为云杉花墨天牛的自然天敌在我国首次被发现,这将对中国北方地区松材线虫病传播媒介的防治起到积极的推动作用。 相似文献
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新疆莎车县棉田自然天敌数量动态 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
2002-2004年研究了新疆莎车县棉田节肢动物类自然天敌种群动态及棉花品种的影响。结果发现节肢动物类自然天敌67种,数量较多的共10类,即瓢虫类、蝽类、隐翅虫类、蓟马类、草蛉类、食蚜双翅目、胡蜂类、蚜茧蜂类、蜘蛛类和捕食螨类。其中瓢虫类、蝽类和蜘蛛类占天敌个体总数85%~93%。3年中这三类天敌各自所占比例,瓢虫为4%~65%,食虫蝽为19%~57%,蜘蛛为6%~34%。瓢虫、食虫蝽和蜘蛛的最高密度2002年分别为237.2、164.0、87.0头/百株,2003年分别为28.3、533.3、232.0头/百株,2004分别为1506.5、237.0、55.3头/百株。对转基因抗虫棉GK19(表达Cry1A杀虫蛋白)、SGK321(表达Cry1A CpTI杀虫蛋白)和普通棉花泗棉3号、石远321的研究表明,各种天敌在不同品种上的种群数量没有显著性差异,而喷施化学农药可以造成天敌数量明显减少。 相似文献
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为了准确把握释放天敌昆虫防治栗山天牛的最佳时期,对宁城县栗山天牛的生物学特点及发生规律进行研究。结果表明:栗山天牛在宁城县3年1代,跨4个年度,7月底至8月初为成虫羽化高峰期。由此得出,释放肿腿蜂防治栗山天牛低龄幼虫的最佳时期为8月底至9月,而释放花绒寄甲防治栗山天牛蛹的最佳时期是6月至7月初。从2006年起,宁城县采取栗山天牛幼虫和蛹期释放天敌防治,成虫期利用专用黑光灯诱杀的综合治理措施,使栗山天牛的发生面积由1 133 hm 2下降到287 hm 2,下降了74.7%。 相似文献
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内蒙古马铃薯黑胫病病原菌的分离和鉴定 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
马铃薯是我国的第四大主粮。内蒙古是我国最大的马铃薯生产基地,马铃薯产业是当地农民收入的主要来源。2017年8月,内蒙古锡林郭勒盟部分马铃薯田块发生了一种细菌性黑胫病,发病面积约为200亩,发病率约为20%。发病初期,植株的茎基部变色、发黑,伴有臭味,严重时茎秆腐烂,植株死亡。为明确该地区马铃薯细菌性黑胫病的病原菌种类,本研究对该病原菌进行了分离,并利用生理生化测定,Biolog分析和分子生物学手段将该病原菌鉴定为胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌巴西亚种(Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense)。据以往报道,我国马铃薯黑胫病主要由黑腐果胶杆菌(P. atrosepticum)和胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌胡萝卜亚种(P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum)两种病原菌引起,本研究是P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliense引起马铃薯黑胫病在国内的首次报道。 相似文献
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The ambrosia beetle Gnathotrichus materiarius, which originally came from North America, was discovered in southern Finland in 1996. In 1997, using Norwegian drainpipe traps baited with pheromones of Gnathotrichus retusus and G. sulcatus, we collected beetles in the region where the first specimen had been caught in order to determine whether this potential pest species had become established in the area. Samples from a total of 16 traps included 79 species of beetles and 719 individuals, but no specimens of G. materiarius. The most abundant species in the samples were the ambrosia beetles Xyleborus dispar and Trypodendron lineatum. Several predators and other associates of bark beetles were also captured. The majority of the beetles caught were saproxylic species. 相似文献
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The ambrosia beetle Gnathotrichus materiarius, which originally came from North America, was discovered in southern Finland in 1996. In 1997, using Norwegian drainpipe traps baited with pheromones of Gnathotrichus retusus and G. sulcatus, we collected beetles in the region where the first specimen had been caught in order to determine whether this potential pest species had become established in the area. Samples from a total of 16 traps included 79 species of beetles and 719 individuals, but no specimens of G. materiarius. The most abundant species in the samples were the ambrosia beetles Xyleborus dispar and Trypodendron lineatum. Several predators and other associates of bark beetles were also captured. The majority of the beetles caught were saproxylic species. 相似文献