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潜江市周矶农场在产业结构调整中,推广"麦豆棉"种植模式,面积大、措施硬、技术精、效果好,取得了棉花增产20%,棉田公顷平均增收1500元,户均增收千余元的效果,成为潜江市推广"麦豆棉"模式的典范.2000年,周矶农场植棉300hm2,其中推广麦豆棉模式133.3hm2,占44.4%.据对20户的调查.麦豆棉平均公顷产小麦2700kg,产值2700元;产皮棉1350kg,产值1.32万元;产大豆1350元.产值2430元,合计公顷平均年产值1.83万元,比麦棉增收2430元,增产15.3%.公顷平均纯收入1.18万元,比麦棉增收2130元.20户年平均纯收入增加1310元. 相似文献
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由于棉田间套种可以直接提高棉田经济效益,还有利于农业可持续发展.多年来,一大批棉田高产高效的间套种模式已在生产上大面积推广应用.近年来,生姜种植效益良好.棉田套作生姜平均产生姜30 000 kg/hm2,按1.3元/kg计算,收入可达39 000元/hm2;可产籽棉3 450 kg/hm2,按市场价4.8元/kg计算,收入可达16 560元/hm2,合计收入55 560元/hm2以上,而较纯作棉花增收39 000元/hm2.目前江西省湖口县已发展棉田套种生姜66.7 hm2,为进一步提高棉田套种生产效益,现将棉田套种生姜栽培技术要点介绍如下,以供参考. 相似文献
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棉田高效立体种植优化模式是在传统的麦棉和油棉等两熟制的基础上,以棉为中心,把多种作物进行合理布局,科学搭配,形成的一个优势互补,高效多熟的种植结构系统,不仅经济效益和社会效益好,而且能改良棉田生态环境,实现棉田种养结合。 相似文献
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为提高植棉经济效益 ,邢台市进行了棉田立体高效种植多种模式的探讨 ,引进创造了 5类型 1 0余种的棉田间套方式 ,推广面积 1 .6万公顷 ,成效显著 ,稳定和促进了全市的棉花生产。1 模式与效益据调查 ,本市棉田立体高效种植大体分为 5种类型 :即棉油型、棉粮型、棉薯型、棉瓜型、棉菜型。此外 ,还有少量的棉牧间作。棉田立体高效种植模式 ,一般棉花不少收 ,有的还增收 1 0 %以上。棉田间套不同作物效益有差距 ,皮棉产量 885~ 1 0 50 kg·hm-2 ,效益 1 .2 3万~ 2 .48万元· hm-2 ,比平播棉田增收 30 %~ 70 %,高的可达一倍以上 (表 1 )。表 … 相似文献
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潜江市棉花生产围绕棉田高产高效这个中心,大量引进试种、试验、示范多种高效立体多熟制种植模式,筛选出几种适合潜江市推广应用的棉田高产高效种植模式,为农民增收,棉田增效开辟了一条行之有效的途径。1 棉田高产高效种植模式1 1棉花—西瓜模式1 1 1效益分析 常年种植面积150hm2左右,西瓜产量48150kg·hm-2,产值10590元,与麦套棉相比,油(麦)瓜棉每公顷平均增收8070元,增74 3%。1 1 2种植方式 小麦—西瓜—棉花:厢宽3m,秋播两幅小麦,幅宽0 6m;中间留瓜行0 8m,窝距0 4~0 5m,密度7500穴·hm-2左右;两边预留棉行1m(含沟),各栽一行棉花,株距… 相似文献
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近年来 ,随着农业种植结构调整 ,潜江市棉花种植方式由麦套棉为主迅速向油棉连作转变 ,面积逐年扩大。 1 999年油后移栽棉面积仅 1 466.7hm2 ,占棉田面积 8.8% ,2 0 0 0年油后移栽棉面积发展到7333.3hm2 ,占棉田面积 41 .7% ,其中市属种植面积 580 0 hm2 ,占棉田面积 63%。从 2 0 0 0年起油棉连作将成为潜江市棉花的主要种植方式。因此 ,研究油后移栽棉的生育特点及高产栽培技术 ,对夺取油棉双高产至关重要。1油后移栽棉增产机理1 .1棉花具有自我调节和自我补尝能力强特性棉花喜温好光 ,具有无限生长的习性 ,全生育期长 ,生长发育的可塑性强… 相似文献
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近年来 ,随着农业种植结构的调整 ,棉田种植方式的不断改革和优化 ,本市棉花种植方式由麦套棉为主迅速向油后移栽棉转变 ,面积逐年扩大 ,棉田效益不断提高 ,优势十分明显。 2 0 0 3年油后移栽棉面积达到 1 8933hm2 ,占棉田面积 5 7%,油棉连作已成为主要种植方式。因此 ,研究油后移栽棉的生育特点及高产栽培技术 ,对夺取油棉双高产至关重要。1油后移栽棉生育特点1 .1出苗快 ,成钵率高。油后移栽棉播期在 4月 1 0- 2 0日 ,与麦套棉相比 ,播种时间推迟 1 0~ 1 5天 ,播期气温提高 2℃左右 ,出苗速度快 1天左右 ,发病率低 1 0个百分点 ,营养钵成… 相似文献
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为探讨适宜长江流域棉区棉田间作栽培的模式,以增加棉花产量、改善纤维品质和获得更高的经济效益。比较了棉花间作大豆、棉花间作玉米和棉花间作甘薯三种模式的经济效益、棉花产量、纤维品质、干物质积累及叶面积指数的变化特点。结果表明:三种间作模式较单作棉花可增加纯收入,棉花产量和干物质积累量及单位面积成铃数均增加;马克隆值变优和断裂比强度提高;在棉花盛蕾期棉花叶面积指数三种模式均比对照提高,在棉花盛铃期及以后的棉花叶面积指数因模式不同而有差别。棉花间作甘薯和棉花间作大豆模式的籽棉产量较高、经济效益好,纤维品质较优,其生产优势较为明显,适宜在长江流域棉区推广。 相似文献
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通过对棉花不同种质材料的棉铃在不同发育时期重量和长宽比的研究。结果表明,不同发育阶段的棉铃在重量和长宽比存在较大的差异;陆地棉和海岛棉的棉铃重量第5天和第10天变化趋势基本相同,但长宽比存在差异;两者的关系是长宽比越大,其铃重越轻;不同类型品种棉铃的长宽比是海岛棉〉圆锥形铃陆地棉〉卵圆形铃陆地棉〉圆形铃陆地棉,而重量恰好相反,为圆形铃陆地棉〉卵圆形铃陆地棉〉圆锥形铃陆地棉〉海岛棉;杂交棉相对于其亲本变化不明显。由此可见,棉花品种类型不同,棉铃形状的差异都是影响棉铃发育的重要因素。 相似文献
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Verticillium wilt is responsible for substantial yield losses in cotton. The use of cultivars with partial resistance to Verticillium wilt is a preferred management strategy. Cotton breeders utilize rating scales based on severity of foliar symptom expression and/or defoliation when making cultivar selections. The objective of this research was to determine the yield relationship with cultivars grouped by both incidence of Verticillium wilt during the boll filling stage, and late season defoliation in fields with a history of Verticillium wilt. Small plot, replicated cultivar trials were conducted over an 11 year period in west Texas. Cultivars were divided into four classes (A–D) based on normalized wilt incidence (NW) and four classes based on normalized defoliation ratings (ND). Classes were determined through a mixed model analysis of cultivars, with T-test comparisons between a partially resistant check (Fibermax 2484B2F) and a susceptible check (Deltapine 0912B2RF). The A and C classes did not differ (P = 0.05) from the partially resistant and susceptible checks, respectively. Classes were used in a mixed model analysis with lint yield. In a model with only NW classes, lint yield decreased significantly as NW increased with least square mean values of 1421, 1385, 1284 and 1204 kg/ha, for classes A, B, C and D, respectively. In a model with both NW and ND classes, the A/A class combination of NW and ND had a significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher lint yield (1776 kg/ha) than any other combination. NW/ND class combinations of A/B, B/A, B/B, and C/A had intermediate yields, and ND classes of C or D had the lowest yields. Cultivars with both low wilt and defoliation incidences should result in higher yields in fields infested with Verticillium dahliae. Furthermore, these two rating criteria could be used to standardize the process for developing resistant cultivars. 相似文献
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Immature cotton fiber will negatively impact textile processing. Three field experiments were undertaken that applied chemical harvest aids to upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crops at varying times with the intention of manipulating the maturity of bolls and fibers. The aim was to quantify the effects of these treatments on the textile performance of the harvested cotton and relate these differences to the status of the crop at the time of treatment application. Although earlier treatments produced less mature fiber that was lower in linear density, yarn and fabric strength was not affected. However less mature cotton from a cooler growing season produced stronger yarns (by 3 cN tex−1) and fabric (by 0.39 N (g m−2)−1) which was partly attributed to the smaller ribbon width of this fiber affecting more fiber packing density and inter-fiber friction. Yarns made from this immature cotton also contained more neps. Micronaire and linear density were equally well related, and more strongly related than maturity ratio, to dyed fabric color dimensions, which were greatly influenced by treatments. Percent immature bolls at the time of harvest aid application related well to changes in the degree of fabric blueness (R2 = 0.89). Knowing the status of a crop in the final stages of production will help cotton producers and the supply chain to predict some of the processing performance aspects of harvested fiber. 相似文献