Complement-fixing antigens in hamster tumors induced by the Bryan strain of Rous sarcoma virus

Hamster tumors transplanted subcutaneously from primary intracranial tumors which developed after inoculation of the Bryan strain of Rous sarcoma virus, contained virusspecific tumor antigens indistinguishable from those induced by the Schmidt-Ruppin strain.     

钛镍合金室缺封堵器的动物组织相容性研究

目的用外科手术创建室间隔缺损动物模型,评价国产新型钛镍合金室间隔缺损封堵器临床治疗的可行性及依据．方法选用健康犬40只,植入国产新型钛镍合金室间隔缺损封堵器,按动物处死时间不同分为4组（1,2,3,6个月每时间点为1组）,每组10只,分别处死后行大体解剖、光镜、电镜检查,观察封堵器位置及内膜覆盖情况以及炎性细胞变化．结果术后不同时间点心室内膜厚度有显著不同（P〈0．05）,随时间延长,心内膜厚度增加．术后不同时间点封堵器表面炎性细胞数逐渐减少（P〈0．05）．结论国产新型钛镍合金室间隔缺损封堵器具有良好的组织相容性,可以适应临床需要．     

家兔主要组织相容性复合物的研究进展

介绍了家兔主要组织相容性复合物MHC(RLA)的基本结构、位置、分类、功能,并对家兔MHC基因的表达模式及其与抗病性能之间的关系进行了综述。     

Histocompatibility antigen transfer in utero: tolerance in progeny and sensitization in mother

Subcellular antigens obtained from donor spleen and kidney were administered to pregnant rabbits treated with hyaluronidase. Partial immunological tolerance to the donor was thus induced in the fetuses during the adaptive phase. The duration of tolerance was proportional to the total dose of antigen administered to the mother. Maternal sensitization to the offspring was noted in all rabbits giving birth to partially tolerant progeny.     

奶牛MHC基因多态性及其与经济性状关系的研究进展

简述了奶牛MHC基因的结构、位置、分类、多态性的一般特性，并且介绍了MHC基因与生产性状、乳房炎等一些经济性状的关系。     

Effects on Trichinella spiralis of host responses to purified antigens

Purification of two antigens (48-kilodalton polypeptide and a group with major subunits of 50 and 55 kilodaltons) from the infective larvae of the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis was recently reported. Immunization of mice with either of these antigens induces strong resistance to a subsequent challenge infection. In the study reported here the mechanism of this resistance was investigated by monitoring the parasite's life cycle in mice immunized with the antigens. Immunized mice were able to expel intestinal adult worms and to inhibit the fecundity of adult female worms at an accelerated rate compared to control mice. Accelerated expulsion and inhibition of fecundity may account entirely for the level of resistance induced by immunization. Although the effects of the immune response apparently are exerted on adult worms, the target antigens are expressed only by developing larvae. This suggests that immune effector mechanisms act on intestinal larvae in such a way that they develop into defective adults.     

鱼类MHC及其基因的研究进展

主要组织相容复合体(Major histocompatibility complex,MHC)的概念源于解释异体排斥和相容现象,现已拓展为与抗感染以及所有免疫反应相关的基因群.在鱼类中由于其高度的多态性,使其在结构、功能、多态、表达及抗病性等方面备受关注.对鱼类MHC及基因的研究进展进行了综述,以期为提高鱼类抗病性的育种选择提供理论基础和重要依据.     

Viral receptors on isolated murine and human ependymal cells

Viruses that infect ependyma cause ependymitis in humans and hydrocephalus in experimental animals. We report that reovirus type 1 (which induces hydrocephalus in mice) binds to the surface of isolated human and murine ciliated ependymal cells. With the use of recombinant viral clones, the binding property was mapped to the type 1 viral hemagglutinin, which also determines in vivo the affinity of reovirus type 1 for ependyma. Mumps virus, measles virus, parainfluenza type 3, and herpes simplex virus type 1 bind to murine ependyma cells, whereas reovirus type 3, herpes simplex virus type 2, and poliovirus type 2 do not.     

Stable antibody-producing murine hybridomas

A method is described for obtaining antibody-producing hybridomas that are preferentially retained in cultures of fused mouse spleen and myeloma cells. Hybridomas are produced by fusing mouse myeloma cells that are deficient in adenosine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) with mouse spleen cells containing Robertsonian 8.12 translocation chromosomes. The cell fusion mixtures are exposed to a culture medium that can be utilized only by APRT-positive cells, which results in the elimination of both unfused APRT-deficient myeloma cells and non-antibody-producing APRT-deficient hybridomas that arise by segregation of the 8.12 translocation chromosomes containing the APRT genes and the active heavy chain immunoglobulin gene.     

Herpesvirus antigens on cell membranes detected by centrifugation of membrane-antibody complexes

Herpesviruses specify new glycoproteins that bind to cell membranes and also appear in the envelope of the virion. Incubation of purified smooth membranes from infected cells with antiviral antibody results in an increase in the density of the membranes as determined by flotation in sucrose density gradients. The magnitude of this increase depends on the amount of antibody used; densities as high as 1.16 grams per cubic centimeter have been obtained (the density of the untreated membranes is 1.08 grams per cubic centimeter). Antiviral antibody does not increase the density of uninfected cell membranes nor do saline or normal rabbit serum change the densities of infected or uninfected cell mnembranes. Viral antigens-presumably the glycoproteins specified by the virus-are probably on the surface of the infected cell membranes and bind to them strongly enough to withstand the hydrodynamic forces applied to them in the sucrose gradient.     

Soluble membrane antigens of lip and cervical carcinomas: reactivity with antibody for herpesvirus nonvirion antigens

With the use of antibody for herpesvirus nonvirion antigens (not structural components of the virus) complement fixing reactivity has been shown for soluble membrane antigens separated from lip and cervical carcinomas but not for similar extracts from normal vaginal tissue or intestinal carcinoma. Neither the serum obtained from the guinea pig before hyperimmunization with the herpesvirus nonvirion antigen nor the antiserum of guinea pigs immunized with comparable uninfected cell extracts reacted with these tumor soluble membrane antigens. Since the above soluble membrane antigens could be specific markers for the presence of virus genome within the tumor cells, the findings could support an etiological role of herpesvirus in selected human malignancies.     

T cell activation by lipopeptide antigens

Unlike major histocompatibility proteins, which bind peptides, CD1 proteins display lipid antigens to T cells. Here, we report that CD1a presents a family of previously unknown lipopeptides from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, named didehydroxymycobactins because of their structural relation to mycobactin siderophores. T cell activation was mediated by the alphabeta T cell receptors and was specific for structure of the acyl and peptidic components of these antigens. These studies identify a means of intracellular pathogen detection and identify lipopeptides as a biochemical class of antigens for T cells, which, like conventional peptides, have a potential for marked structural diversity.     

Induced somatic mutations affecting erythrocyte antigens

The frequency of inagglutinable erythrocytes was increased in pigeons following total body irradiation and in human polycythemic patients treated with P(32). Persistence of the increased levels of inagglutinable cells was observed in pigeons retested at over 200 days after irradiation and in a polycythemic patient retested at 173 days posttreatment. These data provide additional evidence for the mutational origin of the antigen-lacking cells.