千岛湖茶区红茶生产发展的实践与思考

本文通过对淳安千岛湖茶区红茶生产现状的分析及红茶生产工作中的实践,提出了下一步调整茶类产品结构,实施“绿＋红”战略,利用鸠坑种资源优势,进一步推进名优绿茶、红茶共同发展,实现千岛湖茶区茶产业的第二次飞跃.     

寿宁县茶叶生产可持续发展探讨

本文介绍了寿宁县茶产业概况,剖析了寿宁县茶叶生产过程中存在的主要问题。在此基础上提出了寿宁县茶叶生产可持续发展建议：一是发展生态茶园,进行无公害化生产,提升茶叶质量安全;二是继续调整、优化茶讨品种与茶类结构;三是建立、健全茶叶标准和质量监控体系;四是强化茶业科技意识。     

福建省茶叶质量安全情况分析与对策思考

<正>茶叶是福建的特色优势农产品。福建省首创乌龙茶、绿茶、红茶、白茶四大茶类及再加工类的花茶。福建着力优化茶类和茶树品种结构,大力发展名优茶生产,建设生态茶园,提升产品质量安全水平,打造知名品牌,培育壮大龙头企业,积极拓展国内外茶叶市场,使茶产业得到又好又快的发展。2015年,全省茶园面积375.17万亩、位居全国第五     

蕉城区赤溪镇茶叶生产现状与发展对策

本文针对茶之乡——蕉城区赤溪镇的茶叶生产现状、存在问题进行分析，提出了赤溪镇茶产业的发展对策：①科学规划布局，不断优化调整品种和茶类结构；②扶持龙头企业，向生产规模化、产品标准化和无公害化方向发展；⑨科企结合，促进茶叶种植与加工的科技成果转化；④加强宣传，树立创造品牌意识，打造公共品牌；⑤健全茶叶科技服务体系，从品种、...     

闽东茶业结构调整势在必行

闽东产茶历史悠久,茶树品种开发、应用和茶叶加工水平都走在全省前列。但近年来随着市场的变化,闽东茶叶产品和茶树品种结构过于单一,已不适应市场变化,调整势在必行。这是国内、外市场所决定,也是关系到21世纪闽东茶叶的兴衰。一、闽东茶业结构现状1、茶树品种和茶类结构状况闽东历史上以生产红茶、绿茶为主,红茶占主要部分。形成了“坦洋工夫”“白琳工夫”著名品牌的红茶和“天山绿茶”系列。但到了六十年代随着中苏关系紧张和国际茶叶生产结构的变化,红茶产品销路严重受阻。六十年代末,我区实行“红’改“绿”工程,只保留极少…     

浙江省提出2015年茶叶综合产值600亿元目标

茶产业是浙江省传统特色优势产业,在发展山区经济、促进农民增收、推进生态建设等方面具有重要作用。近年来,各地积极调整优化茶类结构,扎实推进茶叶标准化、生态化生产和产业化、品牌化经营,着力培育区域公共品牌,茶产业取得了长足发展。但是,仍存在茶树品种和茶产品结构不够合理、夏秋茶资源利用率低、茶深加工及新产品产业化开发相对滞后等问题,特别是在当前全国茶叶生产规模迅速扩大、技术水平不断提高、茶叶市场竞争加剧的情况下,必须加快转变发展方式,提升茶产业层次,提高茶产业综合产出率和效益。2012年11月,浙江省政府办公厅下发文件,就提升发展茶产业提出若干意见:     

半个世纪以来中国红茶生产和贸易的演变与发展策略思考（续）

4.茶叶研究机构对中国红茶产业发展的科技贡献民国初期,福建崇安、安徽祁门和广东鹤山等地曾经设立国立茶树改良场;中山大学设立茶蔗部,开启了中国官方的茶叶科学技术研究。1949年新中国成立后,中国政府十分重视红茶产业与科技教育事业的发展。从20世纪50年代起,先后成立了中国农业科学院茶叶研究所（位于浙江省杭州市）、中南茶叶研究所（广东省英德市），     

茶叶生产经营规模对经济绩效影响的实证研究

对不同规模茶场经济绩效的实证研究表明 ,茶叶生产不具有规模经济特点 ,但因生产茶类不同而有所差异。 90年代手工茶类发展使“挨家挨户”的小农生产方式应运而生 ,从而导致茶叶生产经营规模继 80年代以后进一步趋小 ,妨碍了茶产业发展。我国茶产业要参与国际竞争 ,迫切需要通过产品结构调整推动产业技术创新 ,进而诱发组织结构演变     

印尼菜叶市场跨步前进

过去，印度尼西亚以出口红茶闻名，而现在印尼开始进行产品多元化，并逐步采取措施改善其业务。 200多年来，茶叶在印尼文化中一直扮演着不可或缺的角色，到现在印尼已成为世界上茶叶主产国之一：印尼茶叶芳香醇厚、色泽亮丽，主要用作茶叶拼配。但是，印尼茶产业的最新发展扩大了该国茶叶贸易的范围，开辟了更多的茶类市场，给茶叶贸易带来了更多的发展空间。     

宜昌市夷陵区茶产业转型升级思考

<正>一、推进现代农业茶产业转型升级的工作重点1.优化产业布局,突出区域特色倾力打造以萧氏科技园、邓村绿茶科技园为核心的茶叶产业化示范区,以三峡茶城、品牌专卖店、电子商务为核心的茶叶品牌营销网络,以标准茶园、机械作业、清洁化工厂建设为主要内容的宜大线、雾莲线生态观光茶叶走廊。积极优化茶类布局,提升绿茶,复兴红茶,坚持多茶类并举,实施高、中、低茶产品协调发展战略,适当扩大大宗茶比重,提高夏秋茶利用率,全面提升茶产业综合效益。合理健全市场布局,立足国内市场,积极开拓国际市场。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Present Situation and Consideration of Seed Processing and Testing Theory and Technology

Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry.