黑龙江省中西部亚洲玉米螟的发生规律

为指导黑龙江中西部地区的玉米螟综合防治,通过调查玉米秸秆垛中越冬代亚洲玉米螟的化蛹、羽化进度,田间落卵和卵的孵化进度以及幼虫发生情况,明确了黑龙江省中西部(大庆)地区亚洲玉米螟蛹和卵的始见期、始盛期、高峰期、盛末期和终见期及幼虫的发生规律。大庆地区玉米螟一年发生一代,化蛹高峰期出现在7月3日,羽化高峰期为7月11日,落卵高峰期为7月23日。     

哈尔滨地区亚洲玉米螟发生规律

为了更好地防治亚洲玉米螟,在哈尔滨地区通过春季剖秆进行越冬代亚洲玉米螟幼虫的发育进度调查,利用亚洲玉米螟性诱剂监测雄性成虫动态,研究田间亚洲玉米螟的发生规律。结果表明：2019-2021年哈尔滨地区亚洲玉米螟百秆越冬基数为8.6～9.5头,存活率为85.0%～89.1%,化蛹始见期为5月20日左右,化蛹盛期为5月26日至6月18日,化蛹高峰期为6月10日左右,羽化始见期为5月27日左右,田间亚洲玉米螟雄虫越冬代高峰期在6月17日-24日。综上明确了哈尔滨地区亚洲玉米螟发生规律,即越冬代亚洲玉米螟在5月中下旬开始化蛹,6月上旬到中旬达到化蛹高峰期,5月末开始羽化,6月中下旬田间出现雄性成虫高峰期,二代亚洲玉米螟雄性成虫田间发生时间主要集中在7月下旬至8月中旬。     

玉米螟发生规律及绿色防控技术

阐述了玉米螟的危害特点,总结了其发生规律,并提出了绿色防控技术,包括农业防治、物理防治、化学防治等内容,以供参考。     

玉米螟发生规律与防治对策

玉米螟是世界性大害虫,广泛分布于欧洲、亚洲、非洲各国。为害辽宁省的是亚洲玉米螟。玉米螟主要以幼虫蛀茎为害,被害植株茎秆组织遭到破     

玉米螟的发生与防治技术

<正> 玉米螟又称玉米钻心虫、玉米钻茎虫,是玉米生产上最主要的害虫,一般年份造成减产10％～20％。 一、危害特点 玉米螟的幼虫是钻蛀性害虫,初龄幼虫自卵块孵出后即爬行集中到玉米的心叶中,蛀食柔嫩心叶,心叶被蛀咬穿,展开的玉米叶出现整齐的一排排小孔,这是玉米螟造成的     

巴彦淖尔市亚洲玉米螟危害规律研究

[目的]明确巴彦淖尔市玉米主要害虫亚洲玉米螟的危害规律。[方法]调查巴彦淖尔市亚洲玉米螟成虫和幼虫的危害情况。[结果]成虫活动从6月21日开始,8月20日结束,在8月5日前一直呈快速增长趋势,8月5日以后逐渐下降,其活动高峰是在7月下旬至8月上旬;幼虫发生规律是在田间从南至北呈逐渐增加的趋势。[结论]试验结果为巴彦淖尔市玉米螟的防治提供了参考。     

糯玉米田玉米螟卵赤眼蜂调查及利用技术研究

2008-2009年,在山西忻州市糯玉米田进行了玉米螟卵赤眼蜂消长动态、玉米螟卵优势种寄生蜂以及释放玉米螟赤眼蜂防治玉米螟等调查和试验研究。结果表明,一代玉米螟卵期没有采集到赤眼蜂寄生的玉米螟卵块,二代玉米螟卵初期始见赤眼蜂寄生的玉米螟卵块,田间赤眼蜂寄生率的时间变化具有典型的害虫-天敌跟随现象,后期田间赤眼蜂自然寄生率很高;玉米螟赤眼蜂为当地糯玉米田玉米螟卵中的优势种寄生蜂;释放玉米螟赤眼蜂可有效控制糯玉米田二代玉米螟的危害,玉米螟卵块校正寄生率达79.73%~96.71%,雌穗被害率被控制在5%以下。     

赤峰地区玉米螟发生规律研究

玉米螟是赤峰市玉米的主要害虫,田间被害率为13.2z%～86.5%,为制定玉米螟相应的防治策略,1999-2002年赤峰市植保植检站组织旗县区植保站对玉米螟在赤峰地区的发生危害规律进行了调查研究,基本摸清了玉米螟的发生危害规律.     

糯玉米田玉米螟综合防治技术规程

本技术规程规定了糯玉米田主要害虫亚洲玉米螟的防治原则、防治适期与防治指标、田外压低虫口数量主要技术措施和田内主要防治技术措施。     

辽南地区玉米螟发生规律研究

为了明确辽宁南部地区玉米螟的发生规律,在辽宁农业职业技术学院一个代表地点进行玉米螟发生规律的调查。通过调查1、2代玉米螟卵、幼虫、成虫的发生,明确了其成虫的始见期、始盛期、高峰期、盛末期和终见期。1代玉米螟成虫在7月31日、8月6日出现高峰期;2代玉米螟成虫在8月24日出现高峰期,玉米螟的发生与当地的湿度、降水有密切关系。     

杀虫剂防治糯玉米田玉米螟效果

在糯玉米吐丝期,开展了6种药剂喷灌"4腋1顶"防治糯玉米田玉米螟的田间药效试验,结果表明,喷灌25 g/L多杀菌素悬浮剂800倍液、2.2%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂1 500倍液、1.8%阿维菌素乳油1 500倍液、46%杀单.苏云菌可湿性粉剂600倍液和15%茚虫威悬浮剂2 000倍液,雌穗被害率均被控制在3%以下,防治效果达95%以上。建议生产上优先选用这些药剂用于糯玉米田玉米螟的防治。     

Bt玉米杀虫蛋白含量的时空表达及对亚洲玉米螟的杀虫效果

 利用ELISA方法对2个转Cry1Ab基因抗虫玉米品种MON810和Bt11在不同生育期、不同组织器官中杀虫蛋白的表达量进行了分析,利用室内生测方法研究了不同组织器官对亚洲玉米螟初孵幼虫杀虫效果,并分析了杀虫蛋白表达量与杀虫效果的相关性。结果表明,Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白在Bt玉米MON810和Bt11的不同生育期和组织中的表达量呈明显的时空动态变化,以营养生长阶段的心叶组织表达最高,分别为1880.6和1473.1ng·g-1,生殖生长阶段的花粉含量最低,分别为52.3和73.3ng·g-1。随着叶片的生长,     

转Bt cry1F基因抗虫玉米对亚洲玉米螟幼虫存活率的影响

以不同用量的转Bt crylF基因抗虫玉米饲养亚洲玉米螟幼虫,研究人工饲料中转基因玉米对其存活率的影响。结果表明,随着人工饲料中转基因玉米用量的增加,亚洲玉米螟幼虫的存活率逐渐下降,在用量为100%处理时幼虫存活数仅3～5头,存活率仅15%～20%;在对照玉米处理中,4个处理的幼虫存活数均较高,为16～19头,存活率均在69%以上。转基因玉米处理的幼虫存活数与对照玉米处理相比,两者差异显著。     

生物农药对鲜食玉米田玉米螟的防效试验

针对当前鲜食玉米生产中过量施用高毒高残留农药等问题,本试验选用Bt、苦参碱、米乐尔、杀虫双、毒死蜱和辛硫磷6种药剂,研究了不同药剂对鲜食玉米田玉米螟的防治效果。结果表明,6种药剂均能显著降低玉米的被害株率,Bt与苦参碱对玉米螟的防治效果最好,其最终防效分别为90.2%、86.3%;其次为米乐尔和杀虫双,防效分别为80.4%和74.5%;毒死蜱与辛硫磷防效较差,防效分别为66.7%和62.7%。     

转Bt基因抗虫玉米对亚洲玉米螟幼虫磷酸酯酶活性的影响

研究了转Bt基因抗虫玉米对亚洲玉米螟幼虫磷酸酯酶活性的影响,结果表明:取食Bt玉米后亚洲玉米螟幼虫体内的酸性磷酸酯酶活性在72 h后显著降低,碱性磷酸酯酶的活性则在24 h后就受到抑制,72 h时酶活与对照组的比值仅为0.3.随着取食时间增长,酶活力减弱,幼虫的体重也显著低于对照,两者存在一定相关性.     

Field Evaluation of the Asian Corn Borer Control in Hybrid of Transgenic Maize Event MON 810

In this study,a transgenic Bt maize hybrid(event MON 810 from Monsanto Company)expressing Cry1Ab protein derived from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)and its negative isoline hybrid were evaluatrial. Maize plants were artificially infested with neonate larvae of Asian corn borer at the mid-whorl(firstgeneration),pre-tassel(first-and/or second-generation),and silk(second-generation)growth stages.The transgenic Bt maize hybrid sustained significantly less leaf feeding damage(rating 1.0±0.0)than its negative isoline control(rating 7.3±0.1).With the Bt maize,1.3-6.8%of plants were damaged by corn borer tunneling with＜0.5 cm tunneling per stalk under different levels of infestation,compared with 100%of plants damaged with 9.3-25.0 cm tunneling per stalk for the negative isoline control. On average,transgenic Bt maize hybrids had only 0.01-0.05 tunnels per stalk and no stems were broken.In contrast,the negative isoline control had 3.11-8.36 tunnels per stalk and 31.2-73.9% of stems broken.Yields were significantly higher in trahsgenic Bt maize than in the control. These results demonstrate that transgenic Bt maize can significantly minimize yield losses caused by the Asian corn borer through resistance to the first-and second-generation larvae.     

Susceptibility of Ostrinia furnacalis to Bacillus thuringiensis and Bt Corn Under Long-Term Laboratory Selection

The susceptibility of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) formulation and Bt corn was evaluated using insect bioassays for 6 years. Four strains of O. furnacalis were developed by laboratory selection from the laboratory strain reared on a non-agar semi-artificial diet. The RR-1 strain was exposed to a commercial formulation of B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk) incorporated into the artificial diet, the RR-2 strain was exposed to Bt corn (MON810)tissue incorporated into the diet, and the SS-1 and SS-2 strains were reared on the standard diet with or without non-Bt corn tissues material. Decreasing susceptibility of O. furnacalis to Bt and to Bt corn were found in each selected strain although the ED50 and larval weight fluctuated from generation to generation. The resistance of Bt-exposed strain (RR-1)to Btk increased 48-fold by generation 39; the Bt corn-exposed strain (RR-2) increased its resistance 37-fold to Btk by generation 24. No larvae of SS-1 survived when they were exposed to the leaves of Bt corn, Bt1 1 and MON810. However,2-54% of the RR-1 (generation 46) and RR-2 (generation 20) larvae survived a 3 day-exposure to the leaves of Bt1 1 and MON810. The survival of both selected strains on Bt corn silk increased by 10-69%, and the larval weights after many generations selection were increased by 15-22% compared with the unselected susceptible strain. The young larvae were much more susceptible to Bt than older larvae. The highest mortality occurred when the larvae were exposed to Bt at the neonate stage. All of the results suggested that ACB could not only develop resistance to Bt preparation but also to Bt corn. Bt had significant effects on the growth and development of Asian corn borer than on the larval mortality. In order to maintain the long-term effectiveness of Bt pesticide and Bt corn, the resistance management should pay much attention to the larvae that may have opportunities to grow and developed on non-Bt corn or alternate hosts before they attack the Bt corn plants and the survival of larvae after Bt application.     

甜玉米亚洲玉米螟化学防治技术研究

采用potter喷雾法对亚洲玉米螟进行了药剂筛选试验,结果表明,阿维菌素·高效氯氰菊酯和乐斯本对亚洲玉米螟的致死作用明显,处理72 h后致死率均超过90%;乐斯本·高效氯氰菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯的致死作用次之,致死率分别为87.8%、78.9%.田间药效试验结果与室内药剂筛选结果相吻合,以阿维菌素·高效氯氰菊酯和乐斯本的防效最好.大田防治示范试验进一步表明,阿维菌素·高效氯氰菊酯是防治甜玉米亚洲玉米螟的高效药剂.     

200g/L康宽TM对玉米螟的防治效果

[目的]探究玉米螟(Ostrinia furnacalis G.)的防治方法与技术。[方法]以玉米品种新单26为材料,研究了喇叭口期喷施不同量的200 g/L康宽TM对玉米螟的防治效果。[结果]按喷施量375 ml/hm2喷施200 g/L康宽TM的防治效果较好,30 d时虫害株率为7.34%,50 d时蛀杆率和蛀穗率分别为2.00%和10.00%,干玉米产量为10 827.60 kg/hm2。[结论]为200 g/L康宽TM的生产应用及玉米螟的防治提供了理论依据。