渭北主要造林树种细根生长及分布与土壤密度关系

采用野外样地调查和盆栽试验的方法 ,研究了土壤密度对渭北主要造林树种细根生长及分布特征的影响。结果表明 ,在 0～ 10 0cm的深度内 ,不论是阴坡还是阳坡 ,油松林地的土壤密度均表现出随土层的加深逐渐增大的趋势 ;刺槐林地的土壤密度大于油松林地 ,且各土层间的差异不大。油松林地各土层土壤密度与不同径级根系长度存在显著的负相关关系。盆栽基质密度对不同树种苗木根系的生长和发育的影响虽各异 ,但在基质密度和孔隙度适中的条件下均生长良好 ,生物量达到最大。盆栽基质的密度对刺槐和油松根系的生长和发育的影响最显著 ;侧柏和山杏的细根生长发育受土壤密度的影响较小 ,其根系生物量在不同密度的基质中没有明显变化。     

Growth and nutritional responses of bareroot Jeffrey pine on a Sierra Nevada surface mine to minisite applications of fertilizer and lime

The effects of two controlled release fertilizers, Forestcote 22-4-6 + Minors and Dry Site 21-6-2 + Minors, and also dolomitic lime, on growth and nutrition of bareroot Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf.) were investigated. Forestcote, which consists of loose prills, and Dry Site, consisting of prepackaged prills, were administered with two rates, while a single liming rate was used. An acidic Sierra Nevada surface mine provided the study site, and all amendments were applied at outplanting to the backfill of augered planting holes. Without impacting survival, both fertilizer formulations enhanced seedling growth, particularly at a 16 g rather than an 8 g application rate, although Forestcote was marginally more effective in this regard. In contrast, liming at a 27 g rate induced severe mortality and offset much of the growth gains resulting from fertilization. Improvements in N and P nutrition, as revealed by foliar analysis, probably accounted for much of the growth stimulation exhibited by fertilized seedlings, but reductions in the uptake of potentially phytotoxic trace elements such as Mn and Al and increases in base cation/metallic element ratios likely also contributed. The high application rate was generally preeminent in eliciting these nutritional responses. Liming induced little alteration of seedling nutrition. Impaired water relations may have caused the unfavorable responses to this treatment.