共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Tsung Ming Tsao Yue Ming Chen Hwo Shuenn Sheu Shung Yao Zhuang Ping Hua Shao Hua Wen Chen Kai Shuan Shea Ming Kuang Wang Yen Horng Shau Kai Yin Chiang 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2012,12(7):1054-1065
Purpose
Information on the physicochemical properties, mineral species and micromorphology of lateritic soils and gravel soil layers in paleo-environmental soil profile is severely lacking. Red soil profile of the Taoyuan terrace was employed to demonstrate its different extents of lateritic weathering. The objectives of this study were to compare the physicochemical properties of lateritic soils and gravel soil layers and identify using conventional and synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses mineral species in nanoparticles separated by automated ultrafiltration device (AUD) apparatus.Materials and methods
Soil samples were collected from paleo-environmental lateritic soils. Soil samples were examined using elemental analysis, conventional and synchrotron XRD analyses, high gradient magnetic separation, separation and collection of nanoparticles by AUD apparatus, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Results and discussion
The soil pH, redness index, quantities of free Al- and Fe-oxides (Ald and Fed), and clay content of lateritic soils are higher than those of gravel soil layers. Illite, kaolinite, gibbsite, quartz, goethite, and hematite were identified in clay fractions and nanoparticles by conventional and synchrotron XRD analyses. TEM images show presence of hematite nanoparticles on the surface coating of kaolinite nanoparticles and aggregated hematite nanoparticles overlapping the edge of a kaolinite flake in a size range of 4?C7?nm. Synchrotron XRD techniques are more straightforward and powerful than conventional XRD with random powder methods for identifying nanoparticles in red soils, particularly for illite, kaolinite, goethite, and hematite nanoparticles. According to chemical compositions of clay fractions and red soil features in the Taoyuan terrace, these red soils can be taken as lateritic red earths or red earths.Conclusions
This work suggests that physicochemical properties, mineral species, and micromorphology of red soil at all depths can shed light on the extent of paleo-environmental lateritic weathering. 相似文献2.
Shiying He Youzhi Feng Hongxuan Ren Yu Zhang Ning Gu Xiangui Lin 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2011,11(8):1408-1417
Purpose
Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IOMNPs) have numerous exciting applications due to their unique chemical and physical properties. With increased applications of engineered nanostructures, releases of such materials to soil are undoubtedly inevitable. Their potential environmental risks have attracted increasing concern. One area of concern is their effect on microorganisms, which are important components of ecosystems. 相似文献3.
Phytoremediation efficiency of a PAH-contaminated industrial soil using ryegrass,white clover,and celery as mono- and mixed cultures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Purpose
Phytoremediation has been recognized as a promising technology for the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soils. However, little is known about how plant species and cropping patterns affect the process of phytoremediation removing PAHs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate further the effects of monocultures or mixed cultures of different plant species on PAH phytoremediation. 相似文献4.
Marco F. L. Lemos Cornelis A. M. van Gestel Amadeu M. V. M. Soares 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2009,9(5):492-500
Background, aim, and scope
In the past decade there has been an increasing awareness about the possible consequences of human and wildlife exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Bisphenol A (BPA) and vinclozolin (Vz) are EDCs which impacts on vertebrates have been largely investigated. Nevertheless, research on invertebrate effects, especially on soil organisms, are still largely under-represented. This work aims to extend the limited ecotoxicological datasets available and to provide tools to assess the effects of EDCs on the terrestrial species, using Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda) as a model organism. 相似文献5.
Improvement of biochemical and biological properties of eroded red soil by artificial revegetation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Background, aim, and scope
Large areas of red soil in southern China are degraded due to improper management in land use change from forest to agricultural crops in 1970s, which has resulted in serious soil erosion. Since 1980s, artificial revegetation has been practiced to restore the productivity and maintain ecological functionality of red soils. Whereas numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of revegetation on soil physical and chemical properties, little information is available on soil microbial responses. The objective of this work was thus to investigate the influence of plant species and growing period on soil biochemical and biological properties. 相似文献6.
Phylogenetic diversity of dissimilatory ferric iron reducers in paddy soil of Hunan, South China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Xin-Jun Wang Jing Yang Xue-Ping Chen Guo-Xin Sun Yong-Guan Zhu 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2009,9(6):568-577
Purpose
Dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria have been described by both culture-dependent and -independent methods in various environments, including freshwater, marine sediments, natural wetlands, and contaminated aquifers. However, little is known about iron-reducing microbial communities in paddy soils. The goal of this study was to characterize iron-reducing microbial communities in paddy soil. Moreover, the effect of dissolved and solid-phase iron (III) species on the iron-reducing microbial communities was also investigated by enrichment cultures. 相似文献7.
Yumei Jiang Chengrong Chen Zhihong Xu Yuanqiu Liu 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2012,12(2):228-240
Purpose
The objective of the present study was to evaluate soil microbial community function and diversity among eight single and mixed species forest ecosystems (18-year-old restoration) in subtropical China. 相似文献8.
Phytoremediation for soils contaminated by phenanthrene and pyrene with multiple plant species 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Purpose
The remediation of soil polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is of great importance due to the persistence and carcinogenic properties of PAHs. Phytoremediation has been regarded as a promising alternative among suggested approaches. For the establishment of highly effective remediation method and better understanding of the remediation mechanisms by plants, the potentials of three plant species and their planting patterns on the remediation efficacy were studied by pot experiments. 相似文献9.
Mingming Sun Dengqiang Fu Ying Teng Yuanyuan Shen Yongming Luo Zhengao Li Peter Christie 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2011,11(6):980-989
Purpose
A 7-month field experiment was conducted to investigate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) remediation potential of two plant species and changes in counts of soil PAH-degrading bacteria and microbial activity. 相似文献10.
Yumei M. Jiang Chengrong R. Chen Yuanqiu Q. Liu Zhihong H. Xu 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(6):1071-1081
Purpose
The objective of the present study was to assess the differences in soil total C and N, microbial biomass C and N, soil soluble organic C and N among eight mono- and mixed species forest ecosystems (18-year-old restoration) in subtropical China. 相似文献11.
Nils Dittbrenner Yvan Capowiez Heinz-R. K?hler Rita Triebskorn 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2012,12(2):198-206
Purpose
The earthworm species Eisenia fetida and Eisenia andrei are commonly used in ecotoxicological standard tests. In the present study, we compared the sensitivity of E. fetida with that of two soil-dwelling earthworm species (Aporrectodea caliginosa and Lumbricus terrestris) in order to evaluate the capacity of E. fetida to predict effects of the insecticide imidacloprid. Responses were compared using two endpoints, a biochemical (changes in heat shock protein level (hsp70)) and a behavioural (avoidance behaviour). 相似文献12.
Purpose
The relationship between plant absorption and accumulation of heavy metals and the effect of iron plaque on roots of wetland plants are unknown, especially for plants grown in heavy metal-contaminated soil. This experiment was designed to study the effects of iron addition on the formation of iron plaque in the rhizosphere of the wetland plant species Iris pseudacorus L. in artificial Pb-contaminated soil and the effects of iron plaque on Pb accumulation by plants. 相似文献13.
Trang T. Huynh Hao Zhang W. Scott Laidlaw Balwant Singh Alan J. M. Baker 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(6):1131-1141
Purpose
This study investigated the effects of plants on the available pools of heavy metals and their re-supply potential in contaminated substrates in a short-term experiment using five metal-accumulating willow and poplar species/cultivars and in a longer-term experiment for Salix x reichardtii. 相似文献14.
Nils Dittbrenner Hannah Schmitt Yvan Capowiez Rita Triebskorn 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2011,11(6):1000-1010
Purpose
The use of only one or a few species—representing an entire taxon—in ecotoxicological standard tests poses risk of underestimating the impact of toxicants on the environment. In earthworm ecotoxicity tests, the species Eisenia fetida or Eisenia andrei are commonly used, and there is evidence that these species respond relatively insensitive towards environmental pollution. With the present study, we wanted to evaluate the risk of underestimating effects of the insecticide imidacloprid in soil organisms by comparing E. fetida with two other earthworm species (Aporrectodea caliginosa and Lumbricus terrestris) regarding their sensitivities towards soil contaminated with this widely used insecticide. 相似文献15.
Esperanza Álvarez María Fernández-Sanjurjo Xosé Luis Otero Felipe Macías 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(7):1236-1245
Purpose
Aluminium partitioning in the solid fraction and aluminium in solution in the bulk and rhizospheric soil of different plant species colonising an abandoned Cu mine slope (Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea and Salix atrocinerea) and mine dump (C. vulgaris and E. cinerea) were investigated. The aim of the study was to determine the changes that the species induce in the Al forms in the rhizosphere in order to adapt to heterogeneous substrates. 相似文献16.
Nathalie J. A. Curlevski Zhihong Xu Ian C. Anderson John W. G. Cairney 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(7):1278-1288
Purpose
Commercial monoculture plantations of the native Australian Araucaria cunninghamii are common in subtropical and tropical Queensland and are generally established following clearing of native mixed forest. The consequences of such forest conversion for soil fungal communities, however, have not been assessed in detail. 相似文献17.
Lien T. H. Nguyen Michiel B. Vandegehuchte Harm G. van der Geest Colin R. Janssen 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2012,12(5):749-757
Purpose
The mayfly Ephoron virgo plays a key role in the ecological recovery in large European rivers. The larvae spend their life in the sediment and are therefore exposed to contaminants in various ways. In this study, the use of E. virgo as a test species for whole sediment bioassays was evaluated. The sensitivity was compared with Hexagenia limbata (a North American mayfly recommended for standard sediment testing). Lead (Pb) was used as a model contaminant. 相似文献18.
Philipp Egeler Daniel Gilberg Guido Fink Karen Duis 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(3):368-376
Purpose
Previous studies have shown that ivermectin, a widely used parasiticide, is very toxic to many non-target invertebrate species. In view of the strong binding of ivermectin to sediments and the scarcity of data on chronic toxicity to freshwater sediment invertebrates, chronic effects of the parasiticide on the midge Chironomus riparius and the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus were investigated. 相似文献19.
Introduction
Sequential fractionation procedures have been an important tool in the study of phosphorus (P) dynamics in soils and sediments for over 50 years. Throughout this period, the various methodologies have been thoroughly reviewed, and several limitations are widely acknowledged, but there are also aspects of P fractionation that have received little or no discussion. As there are few alternatives to fractionation procedures, in order to advance the usefulness of these techniques, we need to explore the undisclosed variables that may falsely bias our interpretation. 相似文献20.
Effects of plant rhizosphere on mercury methylation in sediments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Xiaojing Sun Qichao Wang Hongyuan Ma Zhichun Wang Shiming Yang Changwei Zhao Lu Xu 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2011,11(6):1062-1069