猪A组轮状病毒Vp4全基因在MA-104细胞中的表达与DNA疫苗的研究

本研究采用Lipofectamine^TM2000将真核重组表达质粒pVAXI-Vp4染至MA-104细胞中，得到了表达。以荧光抗体检测法和RT-PcR法双重检测了真核重组表达质粒pVAXI-Vp4在MA-104细胞中的表达情况。并将pVAXI-Vp4免疫BALB／c鼠，检测其血清抗体和脾脏中的淋巴细胞增殖情况及CD4^＋，CD8^＋T细胞的数量变化情况。结果表明，猪A组轮状病毒Vp4全基因不但在哺乳动物细胞中获得了表达，而且将真核重组表达质粒pVAXI-Vp4给动物免疫后，获得了免疫效果。这为pVAXI-Vp4 DNA核酸疫苗的进一步推广应用提供了科学依据。     

猪轮状病毒地方株JL94株VP6基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

以猪轮状病毒地方分离株JL94株病毒核酸为模板,通过RT-PCR扩增内衣壳蛋白基因VP6 cDNA,将其插入克隆载体质粒pMD18-T,并进行测序。从T载体上将VP6基因亚克隆到表达载体质粒pET-30a,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达,并利用Ni^2 金属螯合亲合层析纯化融合蛋白。结果表明,VP6基因全长1356bp,并在大肠杆菌中获得了高效表达,表达量可占菌体蛋白的26．5％,在表达的蛋白中,除45ku主要蛋白外,还有几条分子量较小的蛋白表达出来,这些融合蛋白经纯化后均具有良好的反应特异性。     

一株猪圆环病毒2型SY-12株的分离鉴定

从吉林地区一发病猪场采集疑似猪圆环2型病毒病理变化的腹股沟淋巴结,经分子生物学、特异性免疫荧光染色和电镜观察等研究,证明该毒株为PCV2b型强致病性毒株,命名为SY-12株.该分离鉴定为研制猪圆环2型灭活疫苗奠定了基础.     

一株猪流行性腹泻病毒的分离鉴定及其致病性研究

应用Vero细胞对江苏省某猪场腹泻病料进行病毒分离,通过细胞病变观察、RT-PCR扩增、动物回归试验对病毒进行鉴定,通过半数致死量测定病毒的致病性.结果显示,成功分离到1株猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV),命名为PEDV JS14株.该毒株在Vero细胞上盲传至4代出现细胞病变,主要表现为细胞面粗糙、颗粒增多,细胞多核呈空...     

猪细小病毒CG-05株在ST细胞上的增殖规律研究

通过将猪细小病毒CG-05株同步接种于ST细胞,测定不同时间收获的病毒液的TCID50和HA,研究了CG-05株病毒在ST细胞上的增殖规律。病毒接种后镜检观察接毒细胞,在接种病毒后24 h,即可在细胞较少的区域看到非常轻微的病变。测定病毒TCID50,检测到接毒后培养17h病毒已经明显增殖;当培养到40h左右,其TCID50即接近高峰,达到10-7.2/0.1mL以上,并进入平台期;继续培养,TCID50最高可达到10-8.5/0.1mL,且直到122 h也不见明显降低。病毒HA价也出现同样的平台期,但比TCID50的平台期出现得晚,到50 h才进入平台期。结果表明,用ST细胞培养CG-05株病毒,接种病毒培养56～96 h后,如病变达到80%以上,且细胞脱落已形成20%以上空斑,此时收获病毒可获得高效价的病毒液。该研究可为制备高效价的PPV病毒抗原提供数据资料。     

猪细小病毒S-1A株对细胞的适应性及其培养条件的优化

将猪细小病毒S-1A株在不同的细胞中培养,测定病毒含量,以确定适合猪细小病毒S-1A株增殖的细胞。结果表明：猪细小病毒S-1A株能在猪肾传代细胞系(PK-15)、猪肾原代细胞(PK)、猪睾丸细胞(ST)和仔猪肾细胞(IBRS-2)中生长增殖,不能在幼仓鼠肾细胞系(BHK-21)、绿猴肾细胞(Vero)和鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)中增殖;当ST细胞生长至2/3单层时,将猪细小病毒S-1A株种毒液100倍或1000倍稀释后接种ST细胞,37℃培养96～144h,获得的病毒载量最高。     

山羊痘病毒AV41株在3种原代细胞上的培养特性比较

为了选择适合山羊痘病毒AV41株增殖的原代细胞,提高山羊痘病毒疫苗生产效率,分别采用常规方法制备绵羊睾丸细胞、绵羊肾细胞、犊牛睾丸细胞3种原代细胞,接种山羊痘病毒细胞弱毒AV41株进行传代培养,比较该病毒株在3种细胞上所引起的细胞病变时间、病变形态及其传代稳定性等增殖特性,并进行特异性、安全性、效力测定,试验结果显示,AV41株在3种原代细胞上均可增殖,其特异性、安全性均符合兽药典要求。疫苗株在以上3种细胞上的TCID50浓度分别达到10-6.125、10-5.5、10-5.875/mL,细胞病变形态、病变时间、最高传代次数等增殖特性存在一定差异。试验证明,原代绵羊肾细胞或原代犊牛睾丸细胞可以作为山羊痘病毒疫苗生产的候选细胞。     

猪传染性胃肠炎病毒LY86株N基因序列分析及病毒在猪睾丸细胞上的增殖特性研究

为探究猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)LY86株与其他不同来源TGEV毒株之间在分子生物学上的差异及其在猪睾丸(ST)细胞上的增殖特性,分别进行了TGEV LY86株N基因的序列分析,以及病毒株以不同感染复数(MOI)感染ST细胞的毒价测定。结果显示:TGEV LY86株与其他17株TGEV参考毒株核苷酸序列同源性在97.2%~99.8%,特别是与M6、M60、TS、H、H16及JS2012毒株之间均存在很高的同源性;感染复数直接影响TGEV LY86株在ST细胞上的增殖效率,过高或过低的感染复数均可导致较低的TGEV增殖效价;当以MOI=0.001接毒时,感染后48 h所收获的病毒毒价最高,达10~(6.20±0.23)TCID_(50)/0.1 mL。本研究对分析TGEV的遗传变异规律与感染特征、优化疫苗生产工艺等具有重要的参考意义。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒疫苗株在Vero细胞中繁殖条件的优化

通过研究猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）疫苗株在Vero细胞中的繁殖规律,确定最佳的增殖条件。将猪流行性腹泻病毒疫苗株分别在六孔板、10L转瓶培养的Vero细胞中增殖试验,培养过程中检测不同接毒量及接毒后不同时间点病毒TCID50,以确定PEDV疫苗株的增殖规律。结果显示,在已确定病毒增殖的最佳条件下,PEDV疫苗株在逐级放大的不同培养体系中均能获得较高而稳定的增殖,不同体系中病毒增殖均能达到106.3TCID50/0.1mL以上。     

猪乙型脑炎病毒在Vero细胞上的繁殖特性及其灭活疫苗的免疫原性研究

试验旨在对猪乙型脑炎病毒（JEV,SA14-14-2株）在传代细胞上的繁殖培养特性及其制备的灭活疫苗免疫原性进行研究,确定猪JEV在细胞培养瓶中培养的关键技术参数及其灭活疫苗的免疫原性。以Vero细胞培养病毒,通过接种时间、接毒量、吸附时间、吸附温度、维持液pH、维持培养温度及培养时间7个条件的优化,将繁殖的病毒液冻融一次,采用病毒蚀斑数测定方法测定病毒滴度。按照优化好的条件繁殖一批毒液,经β-丙内酯灭活,与双相佐剂混合,制备成猪乙型脑炎灭活疫苗。两次免疫（间隔14 d）接种乙型脑炎抗体阴性仔猪,首次免疫前（0 d）、免疫后第7、14、21、28、35、42天采集血清,检测血清中和抗体。二免后第28天进行乙型脑炎P3强毒的攻击,攻毒前（0 d）、攻毒后第1、2、3、5、7、9天采集血浆,攻毒后第14天剖杀免疫猪,采集脑组织,检测血浆和脑组织中JEV。结果显示,用细胞培养瓶进行培养,将Vero细胞培养至48 h进行病毒接种,接种量为1 000 PFU/mL,病毒吸附温度为37℃,吸附时间为90 min,吸附后用pH 7.6~8.8维持液继续培养,培养温度为35℃,培养96 h后收获毒液,冻融一次,可获得较高滴度的病毒。仔猪免疫制备的灭活疫苗后血清抗体水平迅速升高,血浆和脑组织中均未检测出JEV,免疫组试验猪能抵抗强毒攻击,可获得有效免疫保护。本试验结果为猪乙型脑炎疫苗的生产提供了参考依据。     

猪轮状病毒的细胞培养特性与FQ-PCR检测方法的建立

为了探讨动物轮状病毒的细胞培养特性和分离方法,建立FQ-PCR检测方法,旨在为研发诊断试剂盒和疫苗莫定基础.37℃5%CO2下用细胞培养液C培养ELISA检测的阳性猪粪便样本,观察细胞形态的变化;用RV感染MA-104细胞,分离纯化病毒,测定VP6基因序列并分析其同源性,在普通PCR和实时定量PCR的基础上,建立FQ-PCR检测方法.结果,MA-104细胞培养的最佳条件为37℃5%CO2 ;接毒后18 h出现细胞膜缩融合、细胞层裂开、细胞核固缩及空泡化等明显的细胞病变(CPE),CPE达到90%时可收毒;分离到1株猪轮状病毒(暂命名为GSPRV01株),得到VP6为1 200 bp,与标准株(AV-55)的同源性为88.50%.     

Evidence for the porcine origin of equine rotavirus strain H-1

Equine group A rotavirus (RVA) strain H-1 (RVA/Horse-tc/GBR/H-1/1975/G5P9[7]) was found to have VP4, VP6-7, NSP1 and NSP4 genes of porcine origin. In order to obtain conclusive information on the exact origin and evolution of this unusual equine strain, the remaining six genes (VP1-3, NSP2-3 and NSP5 genes) of strain H-1 were analyzed in the present study. By whole genomic analysis, strain H-1 exhibited a porcine RVA-like genotype constellation (G5-P[7]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1), different from those of typical equine RVA strains. The VP2-3 and NSP2-3 genes of strain H-1 were found to originate from porcine RVAs. On the other hand, it was difficult to pinpoint the exact origin of the VP1 and NSP5 genes of strain H-1, though phylogenetically, these genes appeared to be possibly derived from porcine or Wa-like human strains. Taken together, at least nine (VP2-4, VP6-7 and NSP1-4 genes) of the 11 gene segments of strain H-1 were found to be of porcine origin, revealing a porcine RVA-like genetic backbone. Therefore, strain H-1 is likely a porcine RVA strain that was transmitted to horses.     

Propagation of avian rotavirus in primary chick kidney cell and MA104 cell cultures

The Ch2 strain of avian rotavirus was propagated in primary chick kidney cell (CKC) and MA104 cell cultures in the presence of trypsin. Cultures were evaluated for the presence of rotavirus by an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) assay and by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After two passages, the viral titer was significantly higher in CKC than MA104 cell cultures. Also, the IFA assay was more sensitive than the indirect ELISA for detecting rotavirus-positive cultures.     

A群猪轮状病毒JS株vp7基因序列分析

根据已发表的猪轮状病毒OSU毒株vp7基因核苷酸序列ORF两端保守区序列,设计一对特异引物,以猪轮状病毒JS毒株反转录cDNA为模板,通过PCR方法扩增出长约1000 bp目的片段。将其进行T-A克隆、序列测定和分析。结果表明,vp7基因全长1062 bp,含有一个981 bp的开放阅读框,编码326个氨基酸。与已知的15个毒株vp7全长基因的核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列比较,同源性分别为74.5%～78.5%和75.2%～83.1%,核苷酸系统发育进化树结果表明,JS毒株与轮状病毒G9型参考毒株ICB2185、O-1亲缘关系较近,分为一个群,表明JS毒株血清型为G9型。目前,我国尚未见猪及其它动物轮状病毒G9型流行株的报道。     

A sensitive plaque assay for bovine rotavirus in cultures of the bovine cell line GBK

The Lincoln strain of bovine rotavirus was found to replicate with cytopathic effects in cultures of GBK cells, a stable cell line derived from bovine kidney, when the cultures were maintained in the presence of trypsin. The virus was readily passaged and the infected cells were shown to contain specific viral antigen by indirect immunofluorescent staining. The virus formed plaques in GBK cell monolayers, when trypsin was incorporated in the agar overlay medium. The plaque count increased about twofold when diethylaminoethyl dextran was further included in the overlay medium. Plaque assay in GBK cells was more sensitive than that in MA-104 cells previously reported by Matsuno et al. The specificity of plaques was confirmed by specific inhibition with antiserum against the Lincoln strain.     

Characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 invasion in an epithelial cell line (IPEC J2) from porcine small intestine

Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 is an emerging enteric pathogen in swine of increasing medical importance. In this study, the time course and the actin-dependent host signaling processes necessary for invasion of a S. Typhimurium DT104 field isolate were investigated in IPEC J2 epithelial cells derived from porcine small intestine. Internalized bacteria were quantified by a gentamicin resistance assay. DT104 internalization into epithelial monolayers increased steadily between 15 and 120 min after apical inoculation. Internalization was reduced by the Rho GTPase inhibitor mevastatin, the N-WASP inhibitor wiskostatin and the actin-disrupting agent cytochalasin D, but not the Rac1 GTPase inhibitor NSC-23766. Early DT104 invasion of porcine enterocytes appears to be mediated by Rac1 GTPase-independent changes in epithelial actin assembly.     

Expression of inflammatory-related factors in porcine anterior pituitary-derived cell line

Recent studies have shown that undifferentiated stem cells act as immunomodulators. To investigate the immunomodulatory function of the progenitor cells of the anterior pituitary gland, we attempted to establish a stem/progenitor cell line from the porcine anterior pituitary gland, and to detail its inflammatory cytokine expression. A cloned cell line from the porcine anterior pituitary gland was established and was designated as the porcine anterior pituitary-derived cell line (PAPC). PAPC expressed the mRNA of Nanog and Oct-4, and showed positive immunoreactivity for beta-catenin and Hes1 in its nucleus. PAPC grew stably by repeated passage and rapidly in the EGF and bFGF containing medium. RT-PCR showed that PAPC expressed mRNA of IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18 and TLR4. PAPC expressed S100alpha and IL-18 protein, which was localized in the marginal epithelial cells of Rathke's pouch. These results suggest that PAPC is a stem/progenitor cell and may regulate anterior pituitary cell function through an immuno-endocrine pathway.     

猪轮状病毒四川株的分离鉴定及增殖规律

为了解猪轮状病毒(PoRV)在MARC-145细胞系上的培养特性及增殖规律,本试验利用MARC-145细胞,从四川仔猪腹泻样品中分离到1株PoRV,并通过PCR检测、病毒理化实验与微量中和实验证实,命名为SC-R株。用含不同浓度胰酶营养液培养SC-R株48h后,分别收集病毒液进行定量分析;同时,以SC-R分离株感染MARC-145细胞,在感染后不同时间分别收集感染病毒液,利用PoRV荧光定量检测方法对不同样品中病毒RNA进行定量分析,绘制PoRV生长曲线。结果表明,用含3%胰酶营养液培养的细胞液中PoRV的RNA含量明显高于其他组;一步生长曲线显示细胞外病毒RNA含量呈S型曲线增长,感染后0⁸h为潜伏期,病毒RNA含量维持在较低水平;88h为潜伏期,病毒RNA含量维持在较低水平;8³6h为突破期,病毒RNA含量呈对数增长;感染48h增长速度减缓,维持在较高水平,逐步进入稳定期。胰酶可增加PoRV对细胞的感染性,3%是本试验最为适用的胰酶浓度;PoRV感染MARC-145后在细胞内增殖并逐步释到细胞外。