西藏工布江达县措高乡藏猪寄生虫调查报告

藏猪是西藏高原生态环境特有的高原型原始猪种。能适应恶劣的高寒气候和以野外放牧为主的低劣饲养条件 ,是世界上分布于海拔最高的猪种之一。藏猪虽然生长缓慢 ,体格小 ,但其具有脂肪沉积少、胴体瘦肉比例高、皮薄、肉嫩、味道鲜美、鬃毛粗长等优良性状 ,深受我区藏民族的喜爱。藏猪在我区主要分布于雅鲁藏布江流域中游河谷区和藏冬三江中游流域高山深谷区。特别是在西藏林芝地区分布尤为广泛 ,是该地区农牧民饲养的主要家畜之一。关于在藏猪中寄生虫流行的情况至今未见详细报道。摸清分布于我区这一高原型原始猪种寄生虫的流行情况 ,对于保…     

泰州市规模化猪场消化道寄生虫的流行情况调查

规模化养猪即集约化养猪给养猪业带来了一个新的概念,显著地提高了养猪的劳动效益,为猪只的生产繁殖创造了一个良好的环境条件,并且可以有效的控制一些传染病的发生。但另一方面,由于密集饲养,畜舍常年温暖潮湿,为某些疾病,特别是寄生虫病的发生和传播创造了有利条件。寄生虫病会引     

冀鲁豫三省交界地区奶牛消化道主要寄生虫流行情况调查

为了解河北、山东、河南三省交界地区部分市奶牛消化道主要寄生虫病感染情况,2015年4月下旬至11月上旬,笔者组成调查组,对聊城、菏泽、濮阳、邢台的部分县奶牛的消化道主要寄生虫病进行了系统地调查和总结,病分析了流行特点,制定了防治措施。结果显示,冀鲁豫三省交界地区奶牛消化道主要寄生虫有球虫类、线虫类、吸虫类和曲子宫绦虫类共9种寄生虫,不同自然环境、不同饲养规模的牛的寄生虫感染率不同。临床上应采取加强驱虫、加强消毒、提高牛的饲养水平等措施,减少寄生虫病的流行和发生。     

西藏林芝地区牦牛寄生虫区系调查

对林芝地区鲁朗、林芝、米林等县牦牛寄生虫进行了系统的调查 ,结果发现本地区牦牛寄生虫 1 4种 ,其中吸虫 4种 ,绦虫 3种 ,线虫 6种 ,昆虫 1种。优势虫种为前后盘吸虫、肝片吸虫和捻转血矛线虫。并对本地区牦牛寄生虫防治提出了科学的建议     

北京地区犬胃肠道寄生虫流行情况回顾性调查

为了解北京地区近年来犬胃肠道寄生虫流行情况,本试验收集了2018年1月—2021年12月在中国农业大学教学动物医院检验中心进行检查的9 812例病例的犬粪便常规检查结果,对粪便中胃肠道寄生虫的种类、数量、感染率、混合感染情况和感染患犬的年龄分布进行统计分析,并将该统计结果与本院2002年3 152例病例的调查结果进行比较。结果显示,2018—2021年的犬胃肠道寄生虫感染率依次为7.96%、6.15%、7.43%和3.55%,相较于2002年(22.24%)均极显著降低(P<0.01),优势寄生虫种类从蛔虫转变为贾第鞭毛虫;2018—2021年的犬胃肠道寄生虫混合感染病例数占感染病例总数的比率依次为11.88%、17.88%、23.58%和12.82%,均高于2002年的7.85%,且近4年主要为贾第鞭毛虫和毛滴虫混合感染;近4年,6月龄及以内的幼年犬感染率极显著高于其他年龄段犬的感染率(P<0.01)。结果表明,犬胃肠道各类寄生虫的感染率与定期驱虫密切相关,做好幼年犬的驱虫工作极为重要。     

湖南省规模化猪场猪胃肠道寄生虫感染情况调查

本研究对湖南省15个规模化养猪场猪胃肠道寄生虫感染情况进行调查。结果发现,小袋纤毛虫感染率最高为38.36%,其次是球虫,感染率为17.68%,鞭虫的感染率最低,仅为1.46%。     

鹿肠道寄生虫流行病学调查

为了解鹿群胃肠道寄生虫感染情况,2011年9月至2012年5月,利用漂浮法和沉淀法,对新疆盛华马鹿驯养繁育基地的天山马鹿、阿勒泰马鹿和梅花鹿进行了调查。在检测的432份鹿粪便样品中,发现了蛔虫卵、鞭虫卵、球虫卵和钩虫卵,平均感染率分别为53.24%、34.72%、6.25%和2.31%,感染强度(EPG)分别为37.12、16.78、0.19和0.06。各品种鹿寄生虫感染情况略有差异,蛔虫卵和鞭虫卵发现于所有被检测的鹿种;球虫卵发现于天山马鹿和阿勒泰马鹿;而钩虫卵仅发现于天山马鹿。不同性别与年龄寄生虫感染率存在差异性,雌性鹿的感染率高于雄性鹿,成年鹿的感染率高于幼龄鹿。     

张家界市永定区四都坪乡山羊消化道寄生虫感染情况调查

采用饱和盐水漂浮法、尼龙筛兜淘洗法对张家界市永定区四都坪乡5个羊场150份粪样进行寄生虫检查,了解山羊消化道寄生虫感染情况,为张家界永定区羊寄生虫病的防治奠定基础.结果 显示:共检出2种绦虫、2种线虫、2种吸虫和5种球虫,蠕虫优势种是毛圆科线虫,球虫优势种是艾丽艾美耳球虫;总感染率为82.67％(124/150),其中...     

泰州地区猪肠道寄生虫感染情况调查

为了解泰州地区猪肠道寄生虫感染情况,共采集泰州3个地区(泰兴、姜堰、兴化)1206份猪新鲜粪便样品,通过饱和食盐水漂浮法、饱和蔗糖液漂浮法进行检测。结果:阳性粪便数为327份,占总调查粪便样品数的27.1%;小型猪场感染率为50.1%(236/471),规模化猪场感染率为12.4%(91/735)。泰州地区共检测到7种肠道寄生虫,分别是蛔虫、毛尾线虫、球虫、小袋纤毛虫、隐孢子虫、食道口线虫、类圆线虫,其中,泰兴地区7种寄生虫感染率分别是6.2%、2.7%、6.2%、7.2%、8.7%、2.5%、1.0%;姜堰地区7种寄生虫感染率分别是8.3%、0.7%、5.6%、7.8%、5.4%、1.5%、0.5%;兴化地区7种寄生虫感染率分别是2.8%、0.5%、8.8%、9.1%、3.3%、1.0%、0%。结果表明:小型猪场感染率比规模化猪场高;小型猪场蛔虫、球虫、小袋纤毛虫、隐孢子虫感染率较高;规模化猪场球虫、小袋纤毛虫、隐孢子虫等原虫感染率较高。     

甘肃地区奶牛肠道寄生虫感染情况调查

为了解甘肃地区奶牛肠道寄生虫感染情况,共采集甘肃12个地区2 276份奶牛新鲜粪便样品,通过水洗沉淀法、卢戈氏碘液法、饱和蔗糖漂浮法进行检测。结果:共检测出7种肠道寄生虫,总感染率为37.4%(851/2276)。以阿米巴原虫为优势虫种,感染率为23.6%(537/2276),球虫、隐孢子虫、贾第虫、圆线虫、鞭虫、绦虫感染率分别为14.5%(329/2276)、1.8%(42/2276)、0.1%(2/2276)、2.2%(49/2276)、0.8%(18/2276)、0.2%(4/2276)。奶牛肠道寄生虫的感染率随着年龄增加而减,有腹泻症状的断奶前犊牛感染率高于无症状断奶前犊牛,同时,奶牛也感染人兽共患原虫隐孢子虫和贾第虫,因此应加强甘肃地区奶牛肠道寄生虫的防治工作。     

北京地区奶牛寄生虫感染情况的调查

为了了解北京地区奶牛胃肠道寄生虫感染情况,采集北京地区成年牛和犊牛的粪样,用饱和盐水漂浮法、水洗沉淀法对粪样进行了定性检查,用麦克马斯特计数法对线虫卵和球虫卵囊进行了定量检查。结果发现,北京地区成年奶牛和犊牛粪样中检出的主要是线虫卵和球虫卵囊,未检出吸虫卵。成年奶牛粪样中线虫卵的阳性率为14.64%,平均EPG值范围为190~853,并在5~9月份出现一个比较明显的高峰期;球虫卵囊阳性率为49.15%,平均OPG值范围为125~346,高峰出现在5~11月份。犊牛粪样中线虫卵的阳性率为24.56%,平均EPG值范围为305~1 053,并在5~11月份出现一个比较明显的高峰期;粪样中球虫卵囊阳性率为65.02%,平均OPG值范围为2 540~7 648,并在7月份出现一个高峰。根据调查结果,对北京地区奶牛寄生虫病防治提出了建议。     

沙打旺在西藏林芝的生长适应性试验

本文对沙打旺在西藏林芝地区的生长适应性进行研究,试验设置温室内及室外两种不同的生长环境,观察和测定沙打旺在西藏林芝地区的播种期、出苗率、越冬率、分枝数、株高生长、株高—地径函数关系等内容。结果表明:沙打旺在林芝地区的适宜播种时间为4月下旬至5月上旬,出苗率为50%～70%,出苗所需时间10～20 d,越冬率良好,分枝数较多,株高较高,沙打旺在该地区具有良好的生长适应性。沙打旺的株高—地径函数均为多项式函数,拟合精度较高。沙打旺地上生物量第一年较少,第二年返青后植株生长迅速,此时地上生物量较高。研究为沙打旺在高原地区的引种及推广提供了基础信息。     

西藏林芝新城疫病毒分离与初步鉴定

西藏林芝地区某牧场出现藏鸡大量死亡情况,临床症状与新城疫极为相似。笔者采集病料,根据病理剖检结果和实验室细菌学、血清学、病毒学检测结果,鉴定该牧场发生新城疫疫情。分离到的毒株血凝价为28,能被ND阳性血清抑制,不能被禽流感(H9和H5)阳性血清抑制。     

Risk factors and control of intestinal parasite infections in sled dogs in Poland

Training and racing constitute serious challenges for working sled dogs. Attainment of the highest levels of stamina and speed are possible only by completely healthy dogs. Infections with nematodes as whipworm Trichuris sp. or hookworms Uncinaria/Ancylostoma can significantly reduce the fitness of working dogs leading to anemia or even to death. In the middle of the racing season, between December 2009 and April 2010, 108 individual fecal samples were collected from 25 sled dog kennels situated in different regions of Poland. Saturated salt flotation was performed for helminth egg detection. The immunofluorescent assay MeriFluor Cryptosporidium/Giardia and nested PCRs on 18S rRNA (Cryptosporidium spp.) and TPI gene (Giardia spp.) were carried out for detection of intestinal protozoa. Overall prevalence of 6 species of intestinal parasites was 68% in sled dogs (73/108). In 51 samples the eggs of a single species of helminth were detected (47%), two nematode species were detected in 13%, three species of nematodes were found in two dogs. The most prevalent helminths were the hookworms Uncinaria/Ancylostoma-identified in 36% of kennels, and in 34% of sled dogs. Toxocara eggs were detected in 36% of kennels, in 17% of dogs. Trichuris sp. eggs were found in 20% of kennels (5/25), in 13% of dogs. Cysts/oocysts of intestinal protozoa were detected in 31% of sled dogs. The most prevalent was Giardia spp. infection-in 54% of kennels [13/24], in 28% of dogs. Cryptosporidium spp. infections were identified in 37.5% of kennels [9/24], in 13% of dogs. Two sequenced Giardia isolates presented 100% homology with G. intestinalis Assemblage C isolate (AY228641.1), specific for dogs. A range of factors was shown to affect the prevalence of intestinal parasites in sled dogs. The highest prevalence of parasites was found among dogs from large kennels (housing >3 dogs), in dogs less than 2 years old, and in kennels, where prophylactic treatment was carried out 1-4 times a year. The present study has demonstrated a high prevalence of intestinal parasites in working sled dogs in Poland, including the zoonotic human pathogens Toxocara or Cryptosporidium.     

Nematode parasite infections of domestic pigs in a sub-tropical and high-rainfall area of India

Fourteen hundred and ninety-six domestic pigs, Sus scrofa domestica L., from a sub-tropical and high-rainfall area of India were examined over a period of 18 months to ascertain their nematode parasite spectrum. The eleven species recovered, arranged in descending order of prevalence, are as follows: Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomum dentatum, Bourgelatia diducta, Stephanurus dentatus, Globocephalus connorfilii, Physocephalus sexalutus, Ascarops dentata, A. strongylina, Pseudocruzia orientalis, Setaria bernardi and Gnathostoma hispidum. This is also the first report of the occurrence of Setaria bernardi in pigs in India. A. Suum, the most prevalent species (51.67%) found in the pigs of the region, is presumably of zoonotic importance. Another species of public health significance that was encountered in the survey was Gnathostoma hispidum. The overall infection rate was considerably higher (76.42%) in the low-altitude region than in the high-altitude one (62.50%). The highest level of infection (73.2%) was observed during autumn and the lowest (63.0%) in winter.     

Porcine epidemic diarrhea: an emerging disease in Tibetan pigs in Tibet,China

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a devastating cause of diarrhea in pigs worldwide, and has caused enormous economic losses in the pork industry. To...     

福州动物园圈养鸟类肠道寄生虫调查

为调查福州动物园圈养鸟类消化道寄生虫感染情况,采集16种禽类31份粪便样品,应用饱和盐水漂浮法和自然水洗沉淀法收集虫卵,麦克斯特计数法对采集的粪便样本进行虫卵测定。检查结果显示,寄生虫感染阳性样品数有23份,占样品总数的74%。总共检出6种寄生虫感染,按感染例数从大到小排序为:球虫(9例)、吸虫(7例)、绦虫(6例)、线虫(5例)、鞭虫(4例)、纤毛虫(3例)。感染寄生虫的禽类中,孔雀的感染强度最高,EPG为9 150个/g;其次是巨嘴鸟,EPG为4 500个/g;第三是东方白鹳,EPG为3 300个/g。其他鸟类的EPG分布在0~2 100个/g。该调查结果为福州动物园圈养鸟类寄生虫病的防治以及制定科学的驱虫程序提供可靠的依据。     

First report of seroprevalence of swine influenza a virus in Tibetan pigs in Tibet, China

Swine influenza A virus (SIV) is zoonotic pathogen that can be acquired by food-borne transmission because food animals, for example pigs, are recognized as a reservoir. The objectives of this study were to determine the seroprevalence of anti-SIV (H1N1 and H3N2) in Tibetan pigs in Tibet Nationality Autonomous Region, China, a region with cold weather and high altitude. A total of 421 serum samples were randomly collected from Tibetan pigs in Tibet and were evaluated for antibodies against SIV using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Overall, 52 % (219/421) of the animals was positive for H1N1, 16.9 % (71/421) positive for H3N2, and 8.8 % (37/421) positive for both H1N1 and H3N2. The results of the present survey indicated that SIV is highly prevalent among Tibetan pigs in Tibet, China. The results of the present investigation have implications for the ongoing control of SIV infection in Tibetan pigs in Tibet, China and elsewhere.