青海血蜱传斑点热群立克次体带菌率及遗传进化分析

为了明确青海省天峻地区青海血蜱传斑点热群立克次体带菌率及遗传进化特点,根据已发表的斑点热群立克次体外膜蛋白OmpA基因序列设计特异性引物,采用PCR方法对青海省天峻地区青海血蜱进行斑点热群立克次体检测,并对测定序列进行遗传进化分析。结果显示,在316个青海血蜱标本样品池中共检测到31个阳性样品,斑点热群立克次体(SFGR)带菌率为9.8%。遗传进化分析显示,TJ013与立克次体福建分离株FUJ98(AF169629)、黑龙江立克次体HL-93(AF179364)、HL-054(AF179362)及日本立克次体YM(U43795)处于同一分支;SFGR Omp A基因序列同源性分析结果显示,TJ013与立克次体福建分离株FUJ98(AF169629)同源性最高,为95.49%;与黑龙江立克次体绥芬分离株HLJ-054和虎林分离株HL-93的同源性均为91.44%;和日本立克次体YM同源性为90.24%。表明青海省天峻地区青海血蜱传斑点热群立克次体感染较为严重,应尽快制定防制措施,以免危及动物及人类健康。     

青海省蜱传立克次体流行病学调查

为研究青海省蜱种分布及蜱传立克次体感染情况,试验在青海省20个县市开展蜱传立克次体流行病学本底调查,应用布旗法采集1 294只蜱,采用形态学及分子生物学的方法进行鉴定。结果表明:共有青海血蜱(Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis)674只,草原革蜱(Dermacentor nuttalli)462只,森林革蜱(Dermacentor silvarum)158只。通过扩增gltA和ompA基因筛查立克次体阳性蜱样品,发现青海省蜱传立克次体总体感染率为3.90%。青海地区蜱传立克次体主要包含4种,斯洛瓦立克次体(Rickettsia slovaca,0.72%)、饶氏立克次体(Rickettsia raoultii,0.87%)、西伯利亚立克次体(Rickettsia sibirica,1.97%)、斑点热立克次体(Rickettsia sp. DnS28,0.08%)。说明青海血蜱为青海省优势蜱种,蜱传立克次体在青海省的感染率较高,应做好青海省蜱传立克次体的防治工作。     

新疆南疆部分地区蜱种鉴定及斑点热群立克次体流行病学调查

为了解新疆南疆部分地区不同蜱种携带斑点热群立克次体(spotted fever group Rickettsia,SFGR)情况,采用PCR技术扩增16S rDNA基因和SFGR外膜蛋白A(OmpA)基因,进行蜱种鉴定及SFGR检测。对测序阳性样本进行BLAST序列分析,应用DNAStar和Mega 6.0软件构建遗传进化树。结果显示:从新疆南疆9个县市共采集蜱1 340只,其种类包括3属4种,分别为图兰扇头蜱、边缘革蜱、银盾革蜱、亚洲璃眼蜱;在随机挑选的90份蜱DNA样本中共检测出57份SFGR阳性样本,其中阿拉尔市十一团、七连地区的阳性样本均来自犬体表寄生蜱,其余地区的阳性样本均来自绵羊体表寄生蜱。序列分析及遗传进化树显示,此次检测的亚洲璃眼蜱、边缘革蜱携带的SFGR与GenBank公布的SFGR疆内株Candidatus R.barbariae(登录号为MG668832.1)亲缘关系最近,处于同一分支;图兰扇头蜱携带的SFGR也同疆内株R.massiliae、R.conorii、Candidatus R.barbariae(MG668831.1、KP214024.1、MG668832.1)亲缘关系最近,处于同一分支;而银盾革蜱携带的SFGR与国外株R.raoultii(KT805295.1)亲缘关系最近,处于同一分支,并首次于新疆南疆绵羊寄生银盾革蜱中检出饶氏立克次体。本试验为该地区蜱传立克次体病的研究及防控提供重要依据。     

青海血蜱传斑点热群立克次体带菌率及遗传进化分析

为了明确青海省天峻地区青海血蜱传斑点热群立克次体带菌率及遗传进化特点,笔者根据已发表的斑点热群立克次体外膜蛋白Omp A基因序列设计特异性引物,采用PCR方法对青海省天峻地区青海血蜱进行斑点热群立克次体检测并对测定序列进行遗传进化分析。结果在316个青海血蜱标本样品池中共检测到31个阳性样品,SFGR带菌率为9.8%。遗传进化分析显示,TJ013与立克次体福建分离株FUJ98(AF169629),黑龙江立克次体HL-93(AF179364),HL-054(AF179362)及日本立克次体YM(U43795)处于同一分支;SFGR Omp A基因序列同源性分析结果显示,TJ013与立克次体福建分离株FUJ98(AF169629)同源性最高,为95.49%;与黑龙江立克次体绥芬分离株HLJ-054和虎林分离株HL-93的同源性均为91.44%;与日本立克次体YM同源性为90.24%。说明青海省天峻地区青海血蜱传斑点热群立克次体感染较为严重,应尽快制定防治措施,以免对动物及人类健康造成威胁。     

唐山地区蜱传斑点热群立克次体分子流行病学

根据已发表的长角血蜱16SrRNA序列及斑点热群立克次体外膜蛋白A（OmpA）基因序列设计2对特异性引物,对唐山地区采集的长角血蜱进行PCR检测,并对阳性样本进行测序和序列分析,抽检样本建立分子系统进化树。结果表明,在315份蜱DNA样本中检测出25份阳性样本,阳性率为7.94%;序列分析结果显示唐山地区长角血蜱携带立克次体同处于一个分支,与日本株立克次体同源性最高（93.30%）,其次是福建株立克次体（92.11%）,黑龙江立克次体绥芬株（90.45%）、虎林株（90.42%）。结论得出唐山地区蜱传斑点热感染较严重,分子进化分析结果显示唐山地区蜱传斑点热群立克次体可能为一新种。     

羊蜱蝇携带巴尔通体和斑点热群立克次体PCR检测及遗传关系分析

为了解四川省石渠县羊蜱蝇巴尔通体和斑点热群立克次体感染情况,采集藏绵羊体表羊蜱蝇,经形态学鉴定后,提取羊蜱蝇总DNA,PCR扩增巴尔通体gltA和rpoB基因、斑点热群立克次体OmpA和OmpB基因,对阳性产物测序、比对及构建进化树,从而确定羊蜱蝇感染巴尔通体和斑点热群立克次体的种类及感染率.在石渠县的4个乡镇总计采集...     

陕西和辽宁部分地区羊源媒介蜱类及其携带病原体调查

为了对陕西省和辽宁省部分地区羊源蜱类及其携带病原体的流行情况进行分析,本试验采集了288份羊源蜱样本,采用形态学观察鉴定蜱种;采用分子生物学方法扩增巴贝斯虫18S rRNA、伯氏疏螺旋体16S rRNA、斑点热群立克次体ompA和无形体16S rRNA的基因序列,并结合核苷酸序列分析,确定所收集蜱样本中各类病原体的流行情况。结果显示,经鉴定288份羊源蜱样本均为长角血蜱。陕西省144份长角血蜱中携带巴贝斯虫、斑点热群立克次体和无形体,感染率分别为0.69%、21.53%和77.78%,且巴贝斯虫和斑点热群立克次体均与无形体复合感染;其中长角血蜱中携带Babesia microti、Candidatus Rickettsia longicornis、Uncultured Rickettsia sp. QH-122、Rickettsia endosymbiont of Haemaphysalis longicornis、Uncultured Anaplasma sp. ZJ06/2009、Anaplasma marginale、Anaplasma capra共7种病原体。辽宁省144份长角...     

新疆和田地区蜱种分布及蜱传立克次体分子流行病学调查

为了解新疆南部和田地区蜱种分布及蜱携带立克次体流行情况，本试验从和田市、和田县、墨玉县、皮山县、洛浦县、策勒县、于田县和民丰县8个县市的养殖绵羊采集体表寄生蜱，运用形态学观察和PCR检测技术对蜱种进行鉴定；运用PCR检测技术对立克次体进行检测；通过系统发育分析方法探究和田地区蜱携带立克次体的种间关系。结果显示，本试验共采集蜱914只，经鉴定包括图兰扇头蜱(Rhipicephalus turanicus)532只、亚洲璃眼蜱(Hyalomma asiaticum)304只、草原革蜱(Dermacentor nuttalli)78只。PCR检测发现，该地区蜱中存在暂定巴布瑞立克次体(Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae)、马赛立克次体(Rickettsia massiliae)、饶氏立克次体(Rickettsia raoultii),蜱传立克次体总体阳性率为59.13%。系统发育分析发现，本试验获得的立克次体均与已知立克次体同源。结果表明，和田地区的优势蜱种为图兰扇头蜱(Rhipicephalus turanicus),该地区的立克次体阳性率较高并且近年来呈上升态...     

云南丽江地区畜间斑点热血清流行病学调查

斑点热群立克次体 ( spotted fever grouprickellsia,SFGR)是引起斑点热 ( spotted fever,SF)的一组病原体。斑点热是一种新发现的急性、发疹性传染病 ,危害特别严重。该病主要通过蜱螨的吸血活动在人和动物间传播 ,人被携带有 SFGR的蜱、螨叮咬而感染 ,其临床表现为发热、局部     

新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区牛羊体表蜱携带斑点热群立克次体调查

[目的]对新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区牛羊体表蜱携带斑点热群(spotted fever group Rickettsia,SFGR)立克次体情况进行调查。[方法 ]从阿克苏地区阿克苏市(n=344)、温宿县(n=93)、沙雅县(n=98)、乌什县(n=39)随机采集牛羊体表蜱574只,以立克次体外膜蛋白B基因(ompB)和细胞表面抗原1基因(sca1)为靶基因,运用PCR方法检测立克次体携带情况,确定所属的SFGR基因型。选择2个基因的强阳性样本进行测序,将获得的序列与GenBank数据库中已登录的相关基因序列进行同源性比对,并构建系统发育树。比较4个县(市)蜱的立克次体感染率差异。[结果]对牛羊体表蜱携带的立克次体进行检测,发现存在3种SFGR基因型,分别为暂定巴布瑞立克次体(Candidatus Rickettisa barbariae)、西伯利亚立克次体(Rickettisa sibirica)、马赛立克次体(Rickettisa massiliae)。蜱样本中立克次体的总体阳性率为15.16%(87/574),温宿县的立克次体阳性率最高,为23.66%(22/93)。在检出的3...     

国内生态恢复研究进展

本文介绍了生态恢复的研究进展,从生态恢复的定义、退化生态系统的指标等方面进行阐述,重点对国内在恢复生态学方面的进展做了介绍.对当前的人工草地、草地农业的研究情况做了一些概述.     

国内生态恢复研究进展

本文介绍了生态恢复的研究进展,从生态恢复的定义、退化生态系统的指标等方面进行阐述,重点对国内在恢复生态学方面的进展做了介绍。对当前的人工草地、草地农业的研究情况做了一些概述。     

Veterinary pathology in Europe in the light of the congresses of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology in the last decade

This paper presents the main trends in the activity of European veterinary pathologists in the context of their oral presentations (plenary lectures and short presentations) and posters provided during annual meetings of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology (ESVP), in the decade 1997-2006. It was found that the issue that was most often brought up in the meetings was organ pathology (566 presentations). Infectious and parasitical diseases were only slightly less frequent (548 presentations). Oncology was another common issue (404 presentations). During this decade, 52 plenary lectures were presented, 765 oral presentations and 1 072 posters. Altogether, 1 889 presentations were made, which is between 127 and 238 per year. Research by Polish scientists accounted for 3.16% of all presentations. Additionally, the subject matter discussed at the annual meetings is analysed, and the trends in the development of veterinary diagnostic pathology and broad pathology education are indicated. It is shown that veterinary pathology enhances knowledge in the field of veterinary medicine by fulfilling a cognitive and diagnostic role.     

Application of the log-linear model in the prediction of the antinuclear antibody test in the dog

To find possible associations between antinuclear antibody (ANA) pattern, ANA titer, and certain clinical changes and clinical laboratory test results in dogs, the veterinary medical records of 111 ANA-positive and 126 ANA-negative dogs were examined. Variables could not be found that had significant associations with ANA pattern (unlike the results in persons), because of the predominance of 2 patterns. A log-linear model for ANA titer adequately fit the observed frequency and included 2-way interactions between titer and polyarthritis, titer and hematologic disorders, and polyarthritis and lymphadenopathy.     

Evidence for the non-involvement of the uterus in the lifespan of the corpus luteum in the cyclic dog

Progesterone levels in peripheral blood of dogs were analysed during the cycle in which hysterectomy (n = 5) or sham surgery (n = 3) was performed as well as during the cycle of dogs (n = 5) hysterectomized at least one year prior to this study; the data were compared with the findings in control dogs (n = 3). The averages of the duration of the luteal period observed in the three experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. Immediately after surgery, the progesterone level decreased from 25 to 50% of the presurgical level, but returned to presurgical level in about four days. Prolactin levels were elevated for about 30 h after surgery. Nevertheless, the averages of the mean prolactin levels for each animal during the luteal period of the experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. It is concluded that in the dog, the uterus is not involved in the lifespan of the cyclic corpus luteum.     

Disturbance in the growth of the radius in dogs

In a 4-year period nine dogs have been met in which there was incomplete growth of the radius. The condition was unilateral in eight dogs and bilateral in one. Two were littermates. The defect is due to premature cessation of growth of the distal growth plate of the radius but the cause of this is not precisely known. It is recognized by characteristic radiographic changes in radius length, elbow joint space and premature closure of the distal growth plate of the radius. A method of surgical treatment has been devised and has proved beneficial in five dogs. Zusammenfassung. In einer Vierjahresperiode wurden neun Hunde beobachtet, bei denen ein unvollständiges Wachstum des Radius vorlag. Bei acht Hunden war der Zustand nur auf einer Seite zu finden, bei einem Hund auf beiden Seiten. Zwei der Hunde gehörten zum gleichen Wurf. Der Mangel ist auf verfrühte Wachstumseinstellung der distalen Wachstumsplatte des Radius zurückzuführen, jedoch ist die Ursache davon nicht genau bekannt. Er wird an charakteristischen radiographischen Veränderungen der Radiuslänge, des Ellbogengelenkzwischenraums und vorzeitigem Abschluss der distalen Wachstumsplatte des Radius erkannt. Es wurde eine chirurgische Behandlungsmethode entwickelt, die sich bei fünf Hunden als nutzlich erwies. Résumé. Au cows d'une période de 4 ans on a observé 9 cas de croissance incomplète du radius chez des chiens; l'anomalie était unilatérale dans 8 cas et bilatérale dans un cas; deux chiens appartenaient à la même portée. L'anomalie est due à l'arrêt prématuré de croissance de la plaque de croissance distale du radius, mais la cause n'en est pas encore connue d'une manière précise. Le diagnostic se fait par les signes radiologiques caractéristiques, modifications de la longueur du radius, de l'articulation du coude et soudure prématurée de la plaque de croissance du radius. On a élaboré une méthode de traitement chirurgical, qui s'est montrée favorable chez 5 chiens.     

Modelling the transmission of Echinococcus granulosus in dogs in the northwest and in the southwest of Morocco

Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) infection was studied in 151 dogs in two regions of Morocco: 68 dogs in the northwest (Loukkos) and 83 dogs in the southwest (Tiznit). The mean prevalence rates of echinococcosis in dogs were 58.82% (46.23-70.63%) in Loukkos and 55.42% (44.10-66.34%) in Tiznit and the mean abundances of E. granulosus per dog were 75 (59-93) and 547 (504-595), respectively. The mean abundance of E. granulosus in dogs was fitted to a negative binomial distribution by the maximum likelihood techniques to define parameters. E. granulosus was aggregated in dogs in the two regions. The prevalence of infection and the abundance of E. granulosus in dogs were fitted to mathematical models in order to determine if the parasite population is partly regulated by definitive host immunity. The best fit was obtained with the models assuming the presence of immunity. The mean time of exposure to infection was similar in the two regions and ranged from 8 months to about 2 years. The infection pressures (number of E. granulosus) obtained per dog each year were 65 (8-294) in Loukkos and 476 (316-886) in Tiznit. The proportion of dogs susceptible to infection was still high along the life of the dogs in Loukkos, while it was not different from zero in old dogs of Tiznit.