广西大学林学院本科专业责任教授（教师）简介

木材科学与工程专业责任教授——徐峰徐峰，男，汉族，1948年生，广西苍梧人，教授。1973年毕业于广西农学院林学系。现任广西大学林学院木材科学与工程教研室主任、木材科学与工程研究所副所长，广西大学教学督导员，生态学、森林培育学、植物学专业硕士研究生导师。享受政府特殊津贴专家。从事木材科学的教学与科研工作30余年。研究方向主要有：木材解剖与识别、木材物理力学、木材标准化。在木材构造解剖、木材识别、树木年龄鉴定方面有较高的造诣，是这一领域国内知名专家和广西权威的专家。先后承担本科生、专科生、研究生的课程达10门…     

网络教学界面中的视觉传达设计

网络教学是一种以网络为媒介载体来进行教学信息传递的辅助教学形式,它是课堂教学的拓展和延伸,也是信息与技术、艺术的有机整合。网络教学界面的视觉效果直接影响教学信息传递的质量。因此,要运用视觉传达学的相关知识原理来指导网络教学界面设计,以提高教学信息传递的进程和效率。     

基于工作过程导向的高职ASP.NET动态网站课程模式研究

根据高职教育的目标,提出了以工作任务驱动为教学形式的基于工作过程导向的高职ASP.NET动态网站课程模式,运用先进的教学理念,把理论知识、实践技能与实际应用环境结合在一起,构成学习情境,很好地实现了教学用合一。     

农产品安全追溯系统的云计算技术性能提升设计

农业生产及环境的信息采集是农业信息系统的重要环节,无线传感器网络以它的低成本、无线传输等优势广泛应用于农产品安全追溯的信息采集中。由于无线传感器网络长年不间断信息采集的积累,数据库的大信息量及网站用户高访问量将对网站服务器造成高负载的压力,这将导致网站的响应速度大大降低。采用高存储、高负载处理性能云计算计算技术,能提高网站访问的响应速度,提高网站的访问性能。该文设计了基于私有云的农产品安全追溯网站,研究了Hill-Climbing搜索算法优化云平台配置及MapReduce对大数据的并行计算,提高了私有云上的农产品安全追溯系统的性能。通过将网站系统迁移至私有云的前后的比较试验,说明将网站系统迁移至私有云后各方面性能得到较大提升,网站访问响应速度提高了33%。     

终身学习理念下“一村一农民大学生”开放成长式教学

"终生学习理念"是人自我不断成长必须具备的要素。开放教育是成人教育的重要组成部分,开展成长式创新教学是实现终身学习理念的有效手段。教师根据学员的情况,通过各个环节开展教学设计进行成长式教,以"学为中心"指导学员成长式学,从而达到教学相长、师生共同成长的目的。结合"一村一农民大学生"培养项目的教学,从(1)终身学习,教师成长式教(把握成人学员心理特点、教师自我成长、教学各环节的实施);(2)终身学习,学生成长式学(自主学、探究学、协同学)两个方面阐述了终身学习理念下开放教育成长式教学。     

探析课程教学网站在专业课教育中的功能和作用

专业课教学效果一直是教育界关注的热点,利用网络资源提高专业课教学水平和效果是近年来本科教学工作的趋势。针对专业课教育的特点,从教育内容、教育方法和教育效果三个方面,讨论了课程教学网站在专业课教育中的功能和作用。实践证明,在教学中应用课程教学网站有利于学生加强专业课学习的效果,是一种值得推广的方法。     

基于ASP.NET技术网络教学平台的设计

研究并设计了一个基于ASP.NET技术的网络教学平台,便于教师的教与学生的学,实现以学生为主体、教师为主导的交互的网络教学环境。     

教学网站的研究与建设

本文主要探讨了教学网站的建设意义、教学网站设计的基本要求,并通过教学网站建设实践介绍了教学网站的主要内容构成。     

大学物理网络教学平台的设计

大学物理网络教学平台是一个集成了在线学习交流、专题讨论、作业系统、资料上传与下载、在线测试等功能为一体的、交互式的、动态的可视化网络教学系统。该系统是为促进大学物理学习而开发的,它既可以作为教学之用,同时也可以作为相关专业人员自学和专业培训使用。     

基于建构主义理论的网络课程建设与研究

在建构主义理论指导下,利用情境、协作、会话、意义构建等关键因素,发挥教师的指导者作用,调动学生的主动性、创新性,实现学生对当前所学知识的有效建构。基于建构主义理论,提出了网络环境下的《高级语言程序设计》教学网站设计方案,实践表明,方法可行、效果显著,对网络环境下的计算机教学有很好的启示。     

Wood Ash Effects on Soil Solution and Nutrient Budgets in A Willow Bioenergy Plantation

The management of wood ash is an important factor in the environmental and economic analysis of wood burning. Wood ash can be applied to energy crops as a fertilizer, which can help replace nutrients removed during harvest. The objectives of this study were to examine the temporal and spatial dynamics of nutrient elements applied in wood ash to an intensively cultured, short-rotation willow bioenergy system. Wood ash was applied at the rates of 10 and 20 Mg ha^–1 yr^–1 to coppiced willow, Salix purpurea, clone SP3, from 1992 to 1994. The relative abundance of nutrients in applied wood ash was Ca > K > Mg > P > N. There was little effect of wood ash on N or P concentrations in soil solution measured at 20 and 40 cm depth. Soil solution concentrations of base cations were elevated in the last two years of the study by 30 to 90%, depending on the element and treatment, in plots receiving wood ash. Wood ash treatments had little influence on foliar leaching. Wood ash treatment also had few significant effects on willow growth or on the contents of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in foliage and stems. The addition of P, K, Ca, and Mg in wood ash was more than enough to compensate for harvest removals and leaching losses. This study demonstrated that wood ash can supply most nutrients removed during harvest in willow plantations, with the exception of N, without adverse effects on groundwater or vegetation.     

Characterization and Liming Effect of Wood Ash Generated from a Biomass-Fueled Commercial Power Plant

Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were carried out to characterize and examine wood ash from a biomass-fueled commercial power plant as a lime. Experimental treatments include wood ash and two commercial limes applied at six application rates. The effective calcium carbonate equivalence (ECCE) of wood ash ranged from 22 to 49%. Wood ash increased soil pH by 0.31–3.18 over unlimed soils, and these changes in pH were similar to the effect of commercial limes. The soil pH at three weeks after wood ash application was constant through week seventeen. Wood ash increased electrical conductivity by 0.13–0.63 dS m^?1 compared to unlimed soils at three weeks after liming; however, a 39–69% decreased was observed by week seventeen. Common bermudagrass did not respond to the application of wood ash and commercial limes. The results of this study suggest that wood ash from the biomass-fueled commercial power plant with low ECCE could be a liming material.     

木醋液对辽西北低、中肥力土壤小白菜产量和土壤酶活性的影响

[目的]确定木醋液在辽西北地区低、中肥力土壤中的合适浓度,揭示木醋液对土壤酶活性的影响。[方法]设置0.10%,0.15%,0.30%不同浓度木醋液的低、中肥力土壤盆栽试验,测定盆栽小白菜的产量指标,同时测定土壤酶活性,评估其土壤肥力质量。[结果]木醋液显著提高了小白菜茎粗和根长,进而提高了小白菜产量,其中低肥力土壤施用0.30%的木醋液效果最好,中肥力土壤施用0.15%的木醋液效果最好,与对照相比分别将低、中肥力土壤小白菜鲜重提高了57.78%和46.06%。木醋液显著提高了土壤淀粉酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶活性;低肥力土壤的土壤肥力生物指数、酶活性指数在0.30%的木醋液处理下最高,中肥力土壤在0.15%的木醋液处理下最高。[结论]木醋液可以作为辽西北地区低、中肥力土壤一种良好的土壤改良剂,用于提高土壤肥力,增加蔬菜产量。     

灌施木醋液对土壤性质和植物生长的影响

本研究以木醋液为研究材料,采用培养试验的方法,研究了灌施不同稀释倍数的木醋液对土性状(pH、 电导率、 土壤结构、 有机碳)和辣椒生长的影响。结果表明,灌施木醋液后土壤pH随灌施量的增大而降低,EC 值随灌施量增大而升高;灌施木醋液（稀释倍数小于5 倍）能够显著提高土壤有机碳的含量,可增加2 mm、 0.25~2 mm 级别土壤团聚体的数量,有利于大团聚体的形成。生物试验表明,稀释 5 倍以下的木醋液对辣椒产生毒害作用,稀释50倍以上的木醋液可以促进辣椒生长,并增加其产量。综合考虑,建议在农田休闲季节灌施木醋液的稀释倍数为35倍左右,在作物生长季节灌施木醋液的稀释倍数为50~250倍。     

寄生虫身份证编码网的建立

介绍了对寄生虫身份证编码信息网建立背景、编码规则、主要功能以及实现技术。通过寄生虫身份证编码信息网的建立,不仅有利于科研人员对物种的进一步研究,而且对于教学、科普以及有关专业的应用研究都将发挥重要的参考作用。     

交联型改性剂提高速生杨木材的应用品质及机理分析

为提高速生材的应用品质,以速生杨木为研究对象,利用交联型木材改性剂对其进行化学改性,对改性前后速生杨木的应力松弛及断面密度进行了测定,采用X射线衍射仪（X-ray diffraction,XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱分析仪（fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR））、X射线光电子能谱仪（X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,XPS）和扫描电镜-能谱分析仪（scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-Ray analysis（SEM-EDXA））对改性机理进行分析。结果表明,经过化学改性,木材应力松弛随着改性剂用量的增加而降低,木材的相对应力松弛值从95%下降到90%和88%,并且配方F的相对应力松弛值达到了最小值（74%）,木材塑性提高,同时平均密度由429.18 kg/m3提高到669.93 kg/m3。XRD谱图显示改性后纤维素晶体结构并未遭到破坏,木材特征峰在衍射角2θ为17°、23°和37.5°的峰位置并没有改变,但是木材的结晶度显著提高。FTIR谱图显示改性剂中的功能性基团与木材结构发生了化学交联反应。XPS结果表明,改性后的木材氧与碳的原子浓度比增加,说明改性剂与木材发生化学交联反应从而含氧官能团增加。SEM-EDAX显示改性材横切面上的导管及木纤维的微孔结构被木材改性剂填充,并且碳元素和氮元素均匀地分布在木材细胞壁及细胞间隙,甚至细胞腔内。     

Role of wood macromolecules on selective sorption of phenolic compounds by wood

Wood is a complex structure of various macromolecules, mainly cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Although the sorption process of some organic compounds by wood has been elucidated, the relative contribution of its different fractions in the sorption mechanism is not clearly determined. Certain works predict the amount of organic compounds sorbed on wood as a direct relationship to its lignin fraction. All wood macromolecules, however, seem to have the capacity to sorb organic compounds. Sorption of phenolic compounds on individual wood macromolecules has been studied and compared to that on wood. Wood-water partition coefficients ( K wood) for phenolic volatiles and their sorption rates in the presence of lignin display a linear relationship. Results show that cellulose and hemicellulose sorb all phenolic compounds without apparent distinction, whereas lignin is a selective sorbent of these compounds. Sorbant availability and sorbate chemical structure seem to be the key factors governing the sorption mechanism. Sorption kinetics study gives apparent diffusion coefficient values of aroma compounds, bringing new kinetic data for understanding the ternary system of wood, hydroalcoholic solution, and phenolic compounds.     

后台操作、管理技术构建网络课件的优点与实现技术——以土壤资源调查与评价网络课件为例

大学生核心课程"土壤资源调查与评价"内容多、应用技术多,讲授内容需随时加以更新,并且该课程需要的教学环节多,有课堂讲授,在实验室进行的实验,还有野外教学实习,因此创建该课程基于网络课件的教学模式很有必要。本文采用ASP动态网页技术进行了"土壤资源调查与评价"课程网络课件的开发与管理。此网络后台可以支持整个网络课件正常、高效、高度安全的运行,也便于管理者(教师)对课件进行日常管理和信息维护与发布。运用后台系统管理的方法构建网络课件,可以使网络课件更有生命力。ASP动态网页技术具有占用系统资源少、信息量大、便于课件维护、扩充和更新、易于继承和保护历史数据的优点,构建的网络课件可以实现在建立前台信息发布的同时,还建立有一套具有友好用户界面的后台管理维护系统。     

木醋液土壤灌溉对土壤养分、番茄产量及品质的影响

采用田间小区试验,研究了木醋液不同灌溉量对土壤养分、盐碱和番茄产量及品质的影响。结果表明,土壤灌溉木醋液可提高土壤碱解氮、速效钾、有效磷含量,且使用量越大,效果越明显,其中有效磷含量增加最为显著,与对照相比可提高9.27%~25.51%;木醋液也可提高土壤有机质及全盐含量,但与对照相比差异不显著;木醋液还可降低土壤p H值,与对照相比可降低0.14~0.27个单位。木醋液低[2.25 t/(次·hm~2)]、中[4.50 t/(次·hm~2)]用量能显著提高番茄株高、增加产量,其中低用量效果最好,与对照相比可提高株高10.53%,增加产量11.52%;高用量[7.50 t/(次·hm~2)]对番茄生长具有一定抑制作用。木醋液可提高番茄可溶性糖含量5.27%~10.28%,提高Vc含量3.46%~17.15%,降低硝酸盐含量4.25%~15.33%,对有机酸含量影响不明显。综上所述,建议设施土壤番茄季木醋液灌溉量为2.25~4.50 t/(次·hm~2)为宜。     

Wood strength loss as a measure of decomposition in northern forest mineral soil

Wood stake weight loss has been used as an index of wood decomposition in mineral soil, but it may not give a reliable estimate in cold boreal forests where decomposition is very slow. Various wood stake strength tests have been used as surrogates of weight loss, but little is known on which test would give the best estimate of decomposition over a variety of soil temperature conditions. Our study showed that radial compression strength (RCS) was a better indicator of wood strength change in southern pine (Pinus spp.) and aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) than surface hardness or longitudinal shear. The suitability of using the RCS to measure wood decomposition in boreal mineral soils was tested in six Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) plantations along a North–South gradient from Finland to Poland. After 3 years RCS losses ranged from 20% in northern Finland to 94% in central Poland, compared to dry weight losses of 3% and 65%. RCS was a sensitive indicator of initial wood decomposition, and could be used in soils where decomposition is limited by low temperature, lack of water or oxygen, or where a rapid estimate of wood decomposition is wanted.