维生素C缓解夏季长毛兔热应激的研究

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平维生素C对长毛兔生产性能和抗氧化性能的影响。选择体重接近的5月龄长毛兔72只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复3只兔,雌雄各半。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,其余各组分别在基础饲粮中添加400、800、1 200 mg/kg的维生素C。试验期60 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加800 mg/kg维生素C时,能显著提高夏季长毛兔的毛长、日采食量和料毛比(P0.05),极显著提高长毛兔的产毛量和产毛率(P0.01)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加800 mg/kg维生素C时,能极显著提高夏季长毛兔血清T-SOD、GSH-Px活性(P0.01),极显著降低血清MDA含量(P0.01)。综合考虑,夏季长毛兔饲粮中维生素C的最适添加量为800 mg/kg。     

提高兔毛产量诸方

1内服方法1.1投喂土茯苓散剂每只兔每天喂土茯苓1g,另外添加蚕沙1g,硫磺2.5mg。捣烂(碎),拌入饲料中喂兔。1.2投喂韭菜每只毛兔60～80g/d,1次/d;或用适量韭菜汁液浸泡黄豆,8粒/d。1.3添喂生鸡蛋每5～10只毛兔1枚/d,拌料投喂。1.4添喂稀土在长毛兔日粮中添加0.03%～0.05%的稀土,可使产毛量提高8.5%～9%,优质毛提高43%～50%。1.5添喂蚯蚓粉1g/d,连续投喂2～3个月;或蚯蚓干6g/d,也可提高产毛量10%左右。如果饲喂新鲜蚯蚓,须将蚯蚓剖开洗净,再剪成2～3cm小段,加清水煮后饲喂。1.6添喂沸石粉10g/d,连喂3个月,毛产量可增加30%。1.7添喂鱼肝油剪毛…     

蛋氨酸铜对2～4月龄长毛兔生产性能、血清生化指标及血清含铜酶活性的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中蛋氨酸铜添加量对2～4月龄长毛兔生产性能、血清生化指标及血清含铜酶活性的影响.选用180只刚剪完胎毛的2月龄蒙阴长毛兔,随机分为6组,每组10个重复,每个重复3只.以蛋氨酸铜为铜源,在基础饲粮中分别添加0、10、20、40、80和160 mg/kg铜,配制6种试验饲粮.预试期7 d,正试期53 d....     

不同蛋氨酸水平对长毛兔产毛性能和血液生化指标的影响

48只彩色长毛兔随机分成4个处理,处理组1为对照组,处理组2、3、4为试验组,试验组分别添加不同水平的蛋氨酸,旨在研究不同蛋氨酸水平对长毛兔产毛性能和血液生化指标的影响.试验结果:处理组2的TP、Alb、GPT、GOT、CHO、ALP、生长速度、兔毛抗拉力、韧性、密度与其他3个处理组差异显著(P＜0.05),处理组2兔毛直径较其他3个处理组大,差异显著(P＜0.05).日粮中添加0.2%蛋氨酸时,家兔的产毛性能达到最佳.     

日粮中添加蛋氨酸对德系安哥拉兔产毛性能的影响

<正> 兔毛纤维的化学成分主要为角质蛋白质。而角质蛋白质是由很多种氨基酸所组成的,其中含硫氨酸的比重较大。在日粮中含硫氨基酸含量不足的情况下,添加硫氨基酸对提高兔毛的产量和品质具有非常重要的意义。据报道,在日粮中添加胱氨酸和赖氨酸可提高德系安哥拉兔的产毛性能。但目前市场上胱氨酸和赖氨酸的价格较高,因此我们试图添加蛋氨酸,来达到成本低、产毛性能好的目的。本试验旨在研究日粮中含硫氨基酸含量较低的情况下,添加蛋氨酸对长毛兔产毛性能的影响。     

饲粮中铜添加量对断奶至2月龄长毛兔生产性能和血清指标的影响

本研究旨在探讨饲粮中铜添加量对断奶至2月龄长毛兔生产性能、血清生化指标及血清中酶活性的影响。选用蒙阴细毛型长毛兔180只,随机分为6组,每组30只,试验兔单笼饲养。6组试验兔分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、10、20、40、80和160 mg/kg铜(添加形式为五水硫酸铜)的试验饲粮,试验饲粮中铜含量的实测值分别为3.25、13.13、23.40、43.56、83.58及163.87 mg/kg。预试期为7 d,正试期为23 d。结果表明:饲粮中铜添加量对长毛兔平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G)的影响极显著(P0.01),当铜添加量为80 mg/kg时,ADG最高,F/G最低。饲粮中铜添加量对长毛兔胎毛产量、毛直径及皮张面积的影响不显著(P0.05)。饲粮中铜添加量对长毛兔血清中总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、尿素氮(UN)含量及白球比(A/G)均有显著影响(P0.05)。血清中UN含量随饲粮中铜添加量的升高呈现先下降后升高的趋势,当铜的添加量为80 mg/kg时,血清中UN的含量最低。饲粮中铜添加量对长毛兔血清中铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu-Zn SOD)活性的影响不显著(P0.05),但对血清中铜蓝蛋白(CP)活性的影响显著(P0.05)。随着饲粮中铜添加量的升高,血清中铜蓝蛋白活性先升高后降低,在铜添加量为80 mg/kg时有最高值。饲粮中铜添加量对长毛兔肝脏指数有显著影响(P0.05),而对其他内脏器官指数无显著影响(P0.05)。当铜添加量为20 mg/kg时,肝脏指数最高。综合本试验测定指标,推荐断奶至2月龄长毛兔饲粮适宜的铜添加量为20~80 mg/kg。     

糯米发酵产物对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响

本研究旨在评估糯米发酵产物对产蛋中后期蛋鸡产蛋性能、鸡蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响.试验将528只产蛋性能一致的海兰粉壳蛋鸡随机分为3组,每组176只,每组8个重复(22只/重复).对照组与处理组蛋鸡在6周的饲养试验中分别饲喂基础日粮+0、3和6 g/kg糯米发酵产物.结果:在基础日粮中添加不同水平糯米发酵产物对蛋鸡平均...     

酸化剂对蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质和经济效益的影响

本试验旨在研究酸化剂对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和经济效益的影响。将640只32周龄"京红1号"蛋鸡随机分为2个处理组,每个处理5个重复,每重复64只蛋鸡,对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组在基础日粮上添加1.5 g/kg酸化剂,试验期49 d。结果表明:日粮中添加酸化剂可以显著降低产蛋高峰期蛋鸡的采食量和料蛋比(P0.05);日粮中添加酸化剂对产蛋高峰期蛋鸡的蛋品质无影响;1.5 g/kg酸化剂可增加产蛋高峰期蛋鸡的经济效益。由此可知,产蛋高峰期日粮中添加酸化剂能够在不改变蛋鸡蛋品质的基础上提高其产蛋性能,从而有效提高经济效益。     

长毛兔实用催毛法

要想使长毛兔多产毛,产好毛,提高饲养的经济效益,可采用以下三种方法: 一、长毛兔剪完毛后,马上用米酒100旧毫升,加少许的姜汁混合均匀、喷洒在长毛兔身上,产毛量可增加15～20％。 二、在长毛兔的日粮中添加硫酸钠,每日1克,     

蛋鸡日粮中添加稀土效果的研究

<正> 作者进行了蛋鸡日粮中添加稀土效果的研究,旨在探讨稀土对产蛋性能、蛋品质及种蛋孵化效果的影响。1.材料与方法1.1稀土的选择试验所用的硝酸稀土为全国稀土农用示范厂——河南省商丘冶炼厂产品,以氧化物计含稀土38%,白色稍带红色,粉粒状。1.2试鸡的选择与分组在信阳市种鸡场采用同批龄迪卡雏鸡,于19周龄挑选健康母鸡共192只,随机分成48组,每组4只.随机分组设计,16次重复。每个处理64只,共3个处理,其中2个处理为试验组,在基础日粮中分别加入0.03%和0.05%稀土,1个处理为对照组,仅喂给基础日粮。     

微肥、稀土对苜蓿产量和品质的影响

在土壤瘠薄、盐碱较重的地段研究微肥、稀土对苜蓿产量及品质的影响,结果表明:喷施微肥及稀土对苜蓿有明显增产作用,200 g/kg稀土液产量最高,为16 708.40 kg/hm2,比对照高24.74%;施肥后粗蛋白含量明显提高,100 g/kg稀土液效果最好,两茬分别为22.14%、23.30%,比对照提高35.99%、30.75%;喷施微肥及稀土可增加苜蓿种植的经济效益,200 g/kg稀土液,净增收1 979.52元/hm2。     

禽蛋中泰乐菌素残留量的微生物学检测方法

试验建立了泰乐菌素在禽蛋残留中微生物学检测方法,将试样均质1min(5000r/min)后,称取20g置于离心管内,加入5ml水,充分搅匀,放置60min后,离心20min(8000r/min),取上清液作为样液。再用藤黄微球菌作为检定菌进行含量测定。结果显示,泰乐菌素在0.1~0.8μg/ml的浓度范围内具有良好线性关系(r=0.9982),禽蛋中3种添加浓度2.00、4.00、8.00μg/ml的平均回收率为86.6%(n=9),RSD分别为5.1%、4.3%、3.9%(n=3)。     

脂联素对体外培养新生牛脂肪细胞ADPN、HSL mRNA表达的影响

取单层生长状态良好的犊牛脂肪细胞,分别添加0、2.5、5、15、30、50、100 μg/mL外源牛重组脂联素（adiponectin,ADPN）,培养12 h后提取总RNA,采用荧光定量PCR方法检测外源脂联素对脂肪细胞ADPN mRNA和HSL mRNA表达水平的影响。结果显示,随着ADPN添加量的增多,ADPN mRNA相对表达量呈下降趋势;添加ADPN 15 μg/mL时,HSL mRNA的表达量达到峰值,之后呈下降趋势。结果表明体外培养的脂肪细胞中ADPN mRNA表达量受自身的负调节,而添加适量的ADPN可刺激脂肪细胞HSL mRNA的表达。     

Validity of specifically applied rare earth elements and compartmental models for estimating flux of undigested plant tissue residues through the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants

The validity of using rare earth elements as flow markers of undigested residues was evaluated by comparing mean gastrointestinal residence time (GMRT) of rare earths specifically applied to cottonseed hulls (CSH) to that of the indigestible fiber of CSH. Feces were collected from five lambs fed a mineral supplemented diet of CSH containing 52 g CP/kg DM and five lambs fed a CSH plus cottonseed meal diet (CSH+CSM) containing 123 g CP/kg DM. Rare earth elements (La, Yb, and Tb) specifically bound to CSH were included in the diet for a 5-d period and then deleted from the diet for a 3-d period. Following the last fecal collection, lambs were slaughtered for collection of digesta from segments of the gastrointestinal tract. Potentially indigestible NDF (PIF) was determined in diets and digesta from each segment of the gastrointestinal tract. Mean turnover rate, time delay, and GMRT for each rare earth element was estimated by fitting an age-dependent compartment model to profiles of markers appearing in the feces (compartmental model-marker method, CMM). The GMRT also was computed by the indigestible entity pool dilution method (IEPD) as grams of PIF in sampled segment/mean intake rate of PIF proceeding slaughter, g/h. The GMRT computed by the CMM and the IEPD methods did not significantly (P < 0.05) differ (99.6 vs 94.8 h and 58.9 vs 59.5 h for CMM vs IEPD and CSH and CSH+CSM diets, respectively). Regression of GMRT estimated for rare earths vs PIF yielded a highly significant regression (P = 0.001) with a regression coefficient of 0.94 +/- 0.016. It was concluded that rare earth elements applied to specific feeds are valid flow markers for the undigested residues derived from such marked feeds.     

铝胁迫条件下镧对百喜草幼苗根系生长的影响

镧是稀土元素中最重要和最活泼的元素,具有促进种子萌发、提高作物产量和增强抵御逆境胁迫等作用。研究以华南地区水土保持常用的百喜草幼苗为材料,通过水培实验探究在酸性铝胁迫条件下镧对百喜草幼苗根生长的影响。实验在0.9 μmol/L Al³⁺的酸性铝胁迫水培条件下,以添加0.3 μmol/L的La³⁺作为处理,在水培的第2,4,6天,分别测定根系形态、根干鲜比、根茎比、根系活力。结果表明,在酸性铝胁迫水溶液中添加La³⁺,可提高幼苗的主根长、根表面积、根尖数、根体积、根干鲜比、根茎比、根系活力,说明在酸性铝胁迫条件下,镧元素可以促进百喜草幼苗根系的生长。     

Chemical composition,antimicrobial, modulator and antioxidant activity of essential oil of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants

The oil presented the α-Terpinene as the major compound with 54.09% presence. Antibacterial activity demonstrated significant MIC against Staphylococcus aureus (256 μg/mL) and moderate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (512 μg/mL). The modulating effect of antibiotics was significant against P. aeruginosa potentiating the effect of all the antibiotics tested. The IC₅₀ observed for CT LM 23 was clinically relevant (19.3 μg/mL), similar to that obtained for CA INCQS 40006 (25.2 μg/mL). The combined effect with fluconazole also showed significant results, 0.1 and 22.7 μg/mL, for CT LM 23 and CA INCQS 40006, respectively. For CA LM 77 the IC₅₀ was 101.9 μg/mL and for CT INCQS 40042 a value of 53.3 μg/mL. Regarding the modulation, both were considered of clinical relevance, 3.3 and 6.4 μg/mL. OEDA has low antioxidant activity (>1024 μg/mL). Therefore, the popular use against infections was corroborated by this work.     

Neurophysiological assessment of the sedative and analgesic effects of a constant rate infusion of dexmedetomidine in the dog

The sedative and analgesic effects of continuous rate infusion (CRI) of dexmedetomidine (DEX) were investigated in Beagle dogs (n = 8) using auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials (AEPs and SEPs) recorded before, during and after a CRI of saline or DEX (1.0, 3.0, 5.0 μg/kg bolus, followed by 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 μg/kg/h CRI, respectively).The results showed a significant reduction in AEP at doses of 1.0 μg/kg/h and above and a significant reduction of the SEP at doses of 3.0 and 5.0 μg/kg/h. Neither the AEP nor the SEP was further reduced at 5.0 μg/kg/h when compared to 3.0 μg/kg/h, although a slower return towards baseline values was observed at 5.0 μg/kg/h. The mean plasma levels (±SEM) of DEX during infusion were 0.533 ± 0.053 ng/mL for the 1.0 μg/kg/h dose, 1.869 ± 0.063 ng/mL for the 3.0 μg/kg/h dose and 4.017 ± 0.385 for the 5.0 μg/kg/dose. It was concluded that in adult dogs, a CRI of DEX had a sedative and analgesic effect that could be described quantitatively using neurophysiological parameters. Sedation was achieved at lower plasma levels than required for analgesia, and DEX had a longer (but not larger) effect with infusion rates above 3.0 μg/kg/h.     

喷施微量营养元素对沟叶结缕草草坪质量的影响

研究了亚热带赤红壤区沟叶结缕草草坪对微量元素的反应。结果表明，施B、Mo、Zn能显著提高草坪质量；施Fe、Cu的作用不明显，其临界值可能更低；Mn含量丰富，施Mn有毒害作用。     

添加稀土对蛋鸡生产性能影响的研究

蛋鸡饲粮中添加300mg/kg、400mg/kg的有机稀土络合物，观察其对蛋鸡产蛋率、平均蛋重、采食量等的影响。结果表明：添加稀土能显著提高产蛋率，两试验组分别比对照组高出3.54和6.18个百分点；而对蛋重、采食量影响不大。     

Flow paths of plant tissue residues and digesta through gastrointestinal segments in Spanish goats and methodological considerations

A sequence of eight twice-daily meals, each marked with different rare earth elements, was fed to 24 Spanish goats (BW = 20.6 +/- 1.94 kg) to produce meal-based profiles of rare earth markers within segments of the gastrointestinal digesta on subsequent slaughter. Accumulative mean residence time and time delay of rare earths and segmental and accumulative mean residence times of indigestible NDF (IDF) were estimated for each sampled segment. Diets consisted of ad libitum access to bermudagrass hay with a limit feeding of one of four supplements: 1) minerals (basal, B); 2) B + energy (E); 3) B + CP (CP); or 4) B + E + CP for 84 d. Mean daily intake (g/kg of BW) during the 5 d before slaughter differed (P < 0.05) via diet for DM but not for IDF (8.0 +/- 0.35 g/kg of BW). Larger estimates of cumulative mean residence time for IDF vs. rare earths were suggested to be the consequence of a meal-induced bias in the single measurement of IDF pool size by anatomical site. The rare earth compartment method was considered more reliable than the IDF pool dilution method because it yielded flow estimates based on the flux of eight meal-dosed rare earth markers over 4 d and was independent of anatomical definitions of pool size. Statistically indistinguishable estimates for gastrointestinal mean residence times for IDF and rare earths conform to assumed indelibility for the specifically applied rare earths and indigestibility of IDF. The potentially digestible NDF (PDF):IDF ratio of dietary fragments (0.8) progressively decreased in the following order: caudodorsal reticulorumen (0.390) > crainodorsal reticulorumen (0.357) approximately reticulum (0.354) > mid-dorsal reticulorumen (0.291) approximately ventral reticulorumen (0.286), to that within the omasal folds and in the abomasum (0.259). Such a gradient of progressively aging mixture of plant tissue fragments is consistent with age-dependent flow paths established in the reticulorumen and flowing to the omasum and abomasum. Such heterogeneity of fragment ages within the reticulorumen is also indicated by the superior fit of marker dose site double dagger marker sampling site model assumptions. Additionally, cyclic meal- and rumination-induced variations in escape rate occur. Estimates of mean escape rates over days, needed for the practice of ruminant nutrition, must consider the complex interactions among plant tissues and the dynamics of their ruminal digestion of PDF.