全国:140个水果村荣获“一村一品” 示范村镇荣誉

本刊讯日前,为了培育一批主导产业突出、创新创业活跃、联农带农紧密的“一村一品”示范村镇,促进乡村产业高质量发展,为乡村全面振兴和农业农村现代化奠定坚实基础,农业农村部发布了第十批全国“一村一品”示范村镇名单。其中,该名单包含全国28个省(区)140个水果特色村,包括四川13个,山东11个,河北10个,云南9个,新疆8个,湖南7个,陕西7个,重庆6个,浙江5个,福建5个,广东5个,广西4个,安徽4个,山西4个,辽宁4个,河南4个,贵州4个,甘肃3个,江苏3个,江西3个,海南2个,吉林2个,西藏2个,宁夏1个,天津1个,湖北1个,黑龙江1个,内蒙古1个。     

山东省家禽品种资源保存现状及对策分析

正我国是世界上家禽遗传资源最丰富的国家之一,我国现有176个地方家禽品种,其中鸡109个、鸭34个、鹅30个、特禽3个。培育品种46个,其中鸡41个、鸭4个、鹅1个;引入品种12个,其中鸡5个、鸭2个、火鸡2个、鸽1个、鹌鹑2个。而我国许多的优良地方品种都具有国外家禽品种所不及的优良性状,这些优良性状是育种的可贵     

在市场经济条件下搞好我省种畜禽生产经营的探讨

１我省种畜禽生产经营的现状我省有各级种畜禽场１０６个,其中国家级种畜禽场８个、省级种畜禽场４３个、地县级种畜禽场５５个;各类品种的种畜禽场奶牛场１２个、肉牛场３１个、奶山羊场１个、综合场２个、马场１个、猪场４０个、鸡场２２个、种兔场４个,定型饲养核心...     

梁平柚

1 地域范围 梁平县位于重庆市主城区东部,东临万州区,南接忠县、垫江,西连四川大竹,北倚四川达县、开江.界于东经107°24'～108°05'与北纬30°25'～30°53'之间.全县辖33个镇(乡),315个村,幅员面积1 980 km3.境内海拔相差1 000 m,最高1 221 m,最低280 m.地理标志登记实施核心区主要在梁山镇23个村,合兴镇15个村,复平乡4个村,城东乡6个村,仁贤镇7个村,聚奎镇12个村,金带镇10个村,礼让镇9个村,明达镇10个村,龙门镇11个村,回龙镇15个村,荫平镇10个村,云龙镇12个村,新盛镇11个村,文化镇8个村,屏锦镇19个村,和林镇9个村,袁驿镇10个村,碧山镇10个村,虎城镇17个村,七星镇5个村,石安镇9个村及大观镇8个村,总生产面积6666.67 hm2(10万亩),年产量10万t.     

2012年中国新兽药和进口兽药注册情况统计

<正>2012年,我国共发布新兽药和进口兽药注册公告36个,涉及相关产品138个。其中,发布新兽药注册公告22个,注册产品40个,变更注册11个,共涉及51个产品;发布进口兽药注册公告14个,注册产品6个,再注册62个,变更注册产品20个(其中1个为再注册及变更注册同时进行),共涉及87个产品。     

三年来山东菏泽市兽药抽检情况及建议

我市从2002年元月到2004年12月份抽检9个省市420个企业共820个批次；其中三年各县送检325个批次。2002年抽检390个批次．合格180个批次，合格率为46.2％．其中水针为159个批次，合格68个批次．合格率为42.8％。2003年抽检310个批次．合格138个批次．合格率为44．5％．其中水针96个批次．合格31个批次．合格率为32．3％。2004年抽检120个批次．合格56个批次．合格率为46．7％．其中水针为33个批次．合格15个批次．合格率为45．5％．各县送检的325个批次．合格127个批次，合格率为39．1％。     

技术创新，优质禽业发展的不竭动力——第六届中国优质禽育种与生产研究会学术讨论会暨代表大会：中国地方鸡种知识产权保护现状与对策

一 我国地方鸡种的资源优势 1982年《中国家禽品种志》收入品种52个,其中鸡品种27个,鸭品种12个,鹅品种13个。2003年《中国家禽地方品种资源图谱》收入品种133个,其中：鸡品种81个,鸭品种26个,鹅品种26个。2003年《中国禽类遗传资源》收入品种186个,其中鸡品种108个,鸭品种35个,鹅品种36个,其它禽种7个。     

山东省审定通过40个作物品种

近日，山东省农作物品种审定委员会共推荐审定6种作物40个品种。其中玉米14个、棉花10个、水稻1个、大豆5个、花生5个、大白菜5个。     

加快养殖大户发展促进畜牧产业升级

到2008年底,互助县有1个万头猪场、2个5000头猪场、6个1000头猪场、5个500头以上的猪场、42个100头以上的猪场,养猪小区2个,500头以上奶牛养殖小区2个,5000只以上肉羊养殖场1个,万头獭兔养殖场1个。     

蜂胶的化学成分研究进展（综述）

本文综述了蜂胶的化学组成与植物来源,列出了文献中报道的可靠的蜂胶化学成分。在北温带地区的蜂胶中共鉴定出３０５个化合物,其中黄酮类化合物７１个,芳香酸酯５９个,氨基酸２５个,醛与酮类化合物１７个,脂肪酸与脂肪酸５０个,萜类化合物１９个,甾体化合物６个,糖类化合物９个,烃类化合物２５个,醇、酚类和其他化合物２４个。     

关中奶山羊CSN1S1基因克隆、生物信息学及组织表达谱分析

【目的】通过分析关中奶山羊αs1-酪蛋白(alpha-s1 casein, CSN1S1)基因组织表达谱及其生物信息学功能,初步探究CSN1S1基因在奶山羊乳成分合成中发挥的作用。【方法】以关中奶山羊为研究对象,利用PCR扩增并克隆CSNIS1-1和CSN1S1-2 2个突变形态,并利用ProtParam、NetPhos、SingalP 4.1 Server、NPS和Phyre2等多种生物信息软件和在线工具对CSN1S1基因及其突变形态的蛋白质结构、理化性质、磷酸化位点等进行分析,通过实时荧光定量PCR检测CSNIS1-1和CSN1S1-2在关中奶山羊肝脏、脾脏、乳腺、肾脏、子宫、输卵管6个组织中的相对表达量。【结果】关中奶山羊乳腺上皮细胞中存在CSN1S1-1和CSN1S1-2 2种突变形态。对测序结果比对显示,CSN1S1-1存在3个碱基的突变,CSN1S1-2不仅存在3个碱基的突变,还存在6个碱基的缺失。CSN1S1-1与CSN1S1蛋白相似性为99.07%,CSN1S1-2与CSN1S1蛋白相似性为97.20%。蛋白理化性质分析显示,CSN1S1-1中碱基的突变导致第31位亮氨...     

Cryptosporidium parvum GP60 subtypes in dairy cattle from Buenos Aires,Argentina

Cryptosporidium parvum from 73 dairy calves less than two months old from Buenos Aires province (Argentina) were molecularly characterized using sequence analysis of the GP60 gene. Seventy-five sequences were obtained, and seven different subtypes were identified, all belonging to the IIa subtype family. The most common subtypes were IIaA20G1R1 (27/75), IIaA22G1R1 (16/75), and IIaA18G1R1 (13/75). Subtypes IIaA21G1R1, IIaA23G1R1, IIaA16G1R1 and IIaA19G1R1 were found sporadically. Two samples contained mixed infections with IIaA21G1R1 and IIaA22G1R1. A significant association was found between subtypes and geographic location, whereas there was no relation between subtypes and presence of diarrhea. Three of the subtypes found in this study (IIaA16G1R1, IIaA18G1R1, and IIaA19G1R1) were previously identified in humans. These findings suggest that cattle could play an important role in the transmission of cryptosporidiosis to humans in Buenos Aires province.     

Cross-reactions of bovine herpesvirus 1 antigens with those of other cattle herpesviruses

Bovine embryonic kidney cells were infected with bovine herpesviruses (BHV1, 2, or 3), suid herpesvirus 1 (SHV1), or were sham-inoculated. When cytopathic effect was apparent, the cells were solubilized using Triton X-100 detergent. Resulting antigen preparations were tested by 2-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis using bovine fetal serum and antisera directed against BHV1, BHV2, BHV3, SHV1 or a restricted spectrum of BHV1 antigens. Interaction of BHV1 antiserum with BHV1 antigen preparations resulted in 11 precipitation arcs. The same antiserum produced 3 arcs with BHV2, none with BHV3, and 5 with SHV1. The interaction of BHV1 antigen preparations with BHV2, BHV3, or SHV1 antisera failed to produce demonstrable arcs. However, when heterologous antigen or antibody preparations were added to BHV1 homologous 2-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis tests, all 11 BVH1 arcs were modified by BHV1, 2 by BHV2, 4 by BHV3 and 4 by SHV1 preparations. Two antigens were common to the 4 herpesviruses. Antigen preparations were tested for their ability to inhibit virus neutralization by BHV1 antiserum; only the BHV1 preparation was active. Sera were tested for BHV1 neutralizing activity; only BHV1 antiserum and a serum specific for a restricted spectrum of BHV1 antigens were active. A glycoprotein antigen associated with BHV1 neutralization was identified which may be important in the protection of animals against disease.     

E3泛素连接酶Nrdp1和SOCS-1对布鲁氏菌诱导细胞凋亡的影响

为了探讨E3泛素连接酶Nrdp1、SOCS-1基因在布鲁氏菌侵染巨噬细胞过程中对细胞凋亡的影响,构建Nrdp1、SOCS-1基因的干扰和过表达细胞模型(简称为pLL3.7-N1、pLL3.7-S1和pLEX-Nrdp1、pLEX-SOCS-1);羊种布鲁氏菌16M(简称16M) 侵染正常细胞RAW264.7及pLL3.7-N1、pLEX-Nrdp1、pLL3.7-S1、pLEX-SOCS-1组细胞,qRT-PCR检测Bax、Bcl-2、TNF-α的mRNA表达量,并通过流式细胞仪术检测细胞凋亡率。结果显示,试验成功构建并筛选出干扰和过表达Nrdp1、SOCS-1效果最好的pLL3.7-N1、pLEX-Nrdp1、pLL3.7-S1、pLEX-SOCS-1细胞模型;16M侵染各组细胞,与对照组相比,在不同的时间段pLL3.7-N1、pLL3.7-S1、pLEX-Nrdp1、pLEX-SOCS-1组细胞的Bcl-2和Bax的mRNA表达量差异显著(P < 0.05);pLL3.7-S1组细胞的TNF-α mRNA显著降低(P < 0.05),而pLEX-SOCS-1组显著升高(P < 0.05);pLEX-Nrdp1、pLEX-SOCS-1组细胞凋亡率显著升高(P < 0.05),而pLL3.7-S1组显著降低(P < 0.05)。研究结果表明,Nrdp1、SOCS-1基因与16M诱导的细胞凋亡密切相关,为16M胞内寄生机制的研究奠定了基础。     

牛乳中黄曲霉毒素B_1和M_1检测方法的比较

比较了免疫亲和柱-高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定牛乳中黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和M1(AFM1)的回收率、方法检出限及精密度。结果表明,HPLC法测定AFB1、AFM1的检测限分别为0.02和0.01μg·L-1,ELISA法测定AFB1、AFM1的最低检出限分别为0.05和0.02μg·L-1;阴性牛乳试样AFB1(0.003、0.006、0.012、0.024μg·kg~(-1))和AFM1(0.005、0.01、0.025、0.05μg·kg~(-1))的回收率试验表明,HPLC法测定AFB1与AFM1的回收率分别为77.58%~82.81%和77.51%~82.23%,变异系数分别为1.93%和3.51%;ELISA法测定AFB1与AFM1回收率分别为77.28%~79.11%和75.40%~76.34%,变异系数分别为2.20%和3.80%,两种方法测定AFB1的回收率差异不显著(P0.05),当AFM1添加浓度大于0.025μg·kg~(-1)时,HPLC法回收率显著高于ELISA法(P0.05);综上,两种方法灵敏度高、重复性好,HPLC法测定高浓度AFM1时准确性优于ELISA法。     

Effect of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Nrdp1 and SOCS-1 on Intracellular Survival and Macrophage Apoptosis Induced by Brucella

In order to investigate the effect of E3 ubiquitin ligase Nrdp1 and SOCS-1 genes on apoptosis during Brucella infection macrophages.The cell models of interference and over expression of Nrdp1 and SOCS-1 genes (pLL3.7-N1,pLL3.7-S1 and pLEX-Nrdp1,pLEX-SOCS-1) were constructed.Normal RAW264.7 cell,pLL3.7-N1,pLEX-Nrdp1,pLL3.7-S1 and pLEX-SOCS-1 group cells were infected with Brucella melitensis 16M (referred to 16M),the expression of Bax,Bcl-2,TNF-α genes were detected by qRT-PCR and apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry.pLL3.7-N1,pLEX-Nrdp1,pLL3.7-S1,pLEX-SOCS-1 cell model of the works best of interference and overexpression Nrdp1,SOCS-1 were successfully constructed and screened.After 16M infecting each group cells,compared with the control group,the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA in pLL3.7-N1,pLEX-Nrdp1,pLL3.7-S1 and pLEX-SOCS-1 groups were significantly different in different time periods (P < 0.05).The expression of TNF-α mRNA in pLL3.7-S1 group was significantly lower (P < 0.05),while the pLEX-SOCS-1 group was significantly higher (P < 0.05).Apoptosis rates in pLEX-Nrdp1,pLEX-SOCS-1 groups were significantly higher (P < 0.05),while pLL3.7-S1 group was lower (P < 0.05).The results showed that the Nrdp1 and SOCS-1 genes were closely related to apoptosis with 16M induction,the research laid the foundation for the study of 16M intracellular parasitism mechanisms.     

猪流感病毒H1N1亚型天津分离株核蛋白、基质蛋白、非结构蛋白基因克隆与序列分析

从天津地区不同猪场分离到6株H1N1亚型猪源流感病毒（SIV）。根据GenBank发表的H1N1亚型 SIV的核蛋白（NP）、基质蛋白（M）及非结构蛋白（NS）基因序列,分别设计3对引物,将RT-PCR产物克隆至pMD18-T载体,进行测序分析。遗传进化分析结果表明：A/swine/Tianjin/TJ2/2005（H1N1）与A/swine/Tianjin/TJ4/2006（H1N1）的NP、M及NS基因核苷酸序列在遗传进化树中均与A/swine/Guangdong/33/2006（H1N1）位于同一分支上,属于古典型H1N1猪谱系;A/swine/Tianjin/TJ3/2006（H1N1）与A/swine/Tianjin/TJ8/2006（H1N1)的NP、M及NS基因核苷酸在遗传进化树中均与A/Dunedin/2/2000（H1N1）组成一个大分支,可能起源于人谱系;A/swine/Tianjin/TJ6/2009（H1N1）与A/swine/Tianjin/TJ7/2009（H1N1）NP、M及NS基因核苷酸序列在遗传进化树中均与A/swine/Jiangsu/s15/2011（H1N1）位于同一分支上,属于类禽H1N1猪谱系。本试验对6株H1N1亚型SIV的NP、M及NS全基因序列进行分析,在一定程度上揭示了天津地区H1N1亚型SIV的基因进化与流行情况。     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒Nsp1蛋白锌指结构1(ZF1)突变体的构建及活性鉴定

本试验旨在构建高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(HP-PRRSV)SX-1株非结构蛋白Nsp1的真核表达质粒,并对Nsp1蛋白锌指结构1(ZF1)进行定点突变,检测其在真核细胞中的表达活性。利用TRIzol法提取总RNA,RT-PCR扩增Nsp1目的基因,经双酶切构建pCI-neo-Nsp1真核表达质粒后对Nsp1蛋白锌指结构1的8C、10C、25C和28C的4个位点进行定点突变,成功获得分别突变为A和S的8个突变体。转染HeLa细胞,通过间接免疫荧光方法(IFA)和Western blotting检测Nsp1蛋白的活性。IFA结果显示,Flag抗体检测时蛋白质主要分布在细胞质和细胞核中,Myc抗体检测时蛋白质主要分布在细胞核中。Western blotting结果显示,Flag抗体检测时,S突变体出现大小约为44和20 ku条带,A突变体出现约为44 ku条带;Myc抗体检测时,S突变体出现大小约为44和27 ku条带,A突变体出现大小约为44 ku条带。试验结果表明,本试验成功构建了Nsp1突变体的真核表达质粒,证实其能在真核细胞中表达,为进一步研究Nsp1蛋白的锌指结构是否对机体Ⅰ型IFN产生起下调作用提供基础。     

基于线粒体cox1和nad1基因对青海牦牛种系发育关系的研究

本研究选取4头青海牦牛作为研究对象,用2对引物扩增青海牦牛的线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶第1亚基(cox1)基因部分序列(pcox1)和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)脱氢酶亚单位1基因(nad1)部分序列(pnad1),并用pcox1和pnad1序列重构青海牦牛与其他牛的进化关系。对测定获得序列应用ClustalX 1.81程序进行比对,然后用Phylip 3.67程序MP法,并用Puzzle 5.2程序构建最大似然树。结果表明,所获得的4头牦牛样品pcox1和pnad1基因序列分别为823和837 bp,种系发育分析表明,青海牦牛样品与GenBank已知的牦牛位于同一分支,与其他牛所属分支相隔较远。     

Electron microscopy of equine respiratory viruses in organ cultures of equine fetal respiratory tract epithelium

Organ cultures of equine fetal tracheal and nasal turbinate epithelium were inoculated with equine influenza virus-A1 (EIV-A1), equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1), or equine rhinovirus-1 (ERV-1). Infected organ cultures were processed for scanning and transmission electron microscopy at various intervals and were compared with noninfected controls. Organ cultures inoculated with ERV-1 appeared normal with the exception of rare island-like lesions in infected nasal turbinate. Virus particles were not seen in thin sections of organ cultures infected with ERV-1. The EHV-1 caused extensive loss of the epithelial layer in tracheal and nasal turbinate organ cultures. The classic stages of herpesvirus morphogenesis were seen in thin sections of organ cultures infected with EHV-1. The EIV-A1 caused a scattered loss of cilia that was only apparent in infected tracheal organ cultures. Cilia were also seen bound in bundles. In thin sections, EIV-A1 particles were seen budding from the bases of microvilli.