肉鸡腹水综合征

肉鸡腹水综合征是危害快速生长幼龄肉鸡的以浆液性液体过多地聚积在腹腔为特征的非传染性疾病。近年来，很多学者对该病进行了研究。、本文就近年来对肉鸡腹水综合征的研究作一概述。     

肉鸡腹水综合征

肉鸡腹水综合征是危害快速生长幼龄肉鸡的以浆液性液体过多地聚积在腹腔为特征的非传染性疾病。近年来，很多学者对该病进行了研究。、本文就近年来对肉鸡腹水综合征的研究作一概述。     

肉鸡腹水症的防治

上海虽然不属于缺氧地区，但笔者在以往的生产和试验中经常碰到肉鸡发生腹水症的情况。肉鸡腹水症是危害快速生长幼龄肉鸡的以浆液性液体过多聚集在腹腔为特征的非传染性疾病。该病虽是非传染性疾病，但由于发病后影响鸡的生长，死亡率和淘汰率增加，最后对养鸡的经济效益产生一定影响。该病目前已成为世界性的肉鸡饲养的严重疾病之一。     

肉鸡腹水综合征（Ascites Syndrome）

肉鸡腹水综合征（ＡｓｃｉｔｅｓＳｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ）甘孟侯（北京农业大学１０００９４）肉鸡腹水综合征是危害快速生长幼龄肉鸡的以浆液性液体过多地聚积在腹腔为特征的非传染性疾病。该病已是世界性的肉鸡饲养业的严重问题，由于死亡或降低屠宰率造成很大的经济损失。我...     

肉鸡腹水症

肉鸡腹水症得名于该病发生于肉鸡及病鸡的腹腔内有大量的积水。该病遍及全世界，凡有肉鸡生长的地方就有此病发生。Maxwell和Robertson于1996年对18个国家进行了腹水症的调查，平均发病率约为4．7％，成为养鸡业一严重问题。高海拔地区在3日龄、海平面地区在5日龄即有发病的报导。该病在我国也较为常见，肉鸡腹水症的平均死亡率约     

采用营养与饲养技术预防肉鸡腹水综合征

肉鸡腹水综合征是世界肉鸡业所面临的三大危害最严重的营养代谢病之一。随着肉鸡业的发展，该病的发生率有逐年上升的趋势。本文主要通过阐述肉鸡腹水综合征的危害、临床症状、发病机理、预防和减缓肉鸡腹水综合征的营养与饲养技术等，为降低实际生产中肉鸡腹水综合征的发生提供参考。     

肉鸡腹水综合症的发生与防治

肉鸡腹水综合症的发生与防治李增举，成建国（山东省农科院畜牧研究所济南２５０１００）当前在商品肉鸡生产中，腹水综合症发病比较普遍，已成为影响我国肉鸡生产的常见病。该病发病率一般在１￣１５％，严重的鸡群发病率达３０％以上，病鸡死淘率较高。该病给肉鸡生产造...     

浅谈肉鸡腹水综合征的防制

肉鸡腹水综合征是由多种致病因素共同作用引起的以肉鸡腹腔内潴留大量淡黄色浆液性积液和右心室肥大为主要特征，并伴有明显的心、肝、肺等内脏器官病理性损伤的疾病。该病主要发生于4。6周龄的仔鸡．死亡率高达30％以上，是危害养鸡业较严重的疾病之一。对肉鸡腹水综合征的流行特点、发病原因、临床症状、病理变化及其防制措施进行了综述．以期为该病的防制提供参考。     

一起肉鸡腹水综合征的临床病理学观察

肉鸡腹水综僵征也称作高海拔病．因以前只见于高原地带而得名。肉鸡腹水综合症是近年来新出现的肉鸡的几种主要综合病之一，该病与猝死综合征及生长障碍综合征已是世界性的肉鸡饲养业的二种最严重的新病。是以明显的腹水、右心扩张、肺充血、水肿以及肝脏的病变为特征的一种非传染性疾病。肉鸡腹水综合征是一种多因子致使病鸡腹腔内积聚大量浆液性液体从而导致病鸡死亡的综合性疾病。     

一起肉鸡腹水症的诊治

肉鸡腹水症是危害快速生长幼龄肉鸡的非传染性疾病。该病是以明显的腹水,右心室扩张,肺充血、水肿以及肝脏的病变为主要特征。近几年来,随着肉鸡饲养业的迅速发展,该病的暴发几率也随着越来越大,对养鸡业造成的危害已日益严重，     

Effect of poultry by-product meal on pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular failure and ascites in broiler chickens

We tested the hypothesis that poultry by-product meal would produce a thermogenic response (an increased requirement for oxygen) resulting in an increased incidence of pulmonary hypertension with right ventricular failure and ascites in commercial broiler chickens.

Four treatment groups, each with three replicates of 40 chicks, were fed a commercial broiler starter to day 21, grower to day 35, and the following experimental diets after day 35: group 1, commercial chicken broiler finisher; group 2, commercial chicken broiler finisher with poultry by-product meal added to replace part of the soyabean meal; group 3, commercial chicken broiler finisher with poultry fat added to replace the animal-vegetable (AV) fat; group 4, commercial chicken broiler finisher with both poultry by-product meal and poultry fat added to replace soyabean meal and AV fat. On day 35, pen temperature was reduced to 15°C, and on day 42 to 12°C.

Mortality from ascites between days 35 and 56 was 11(9%) in group 2, 5(4%) in group 4 and 3(2.5%) in groups 1 and 3 The incidence of pulmonary hypertension, as measured by an increased right ventricle: total ventricle (RV:TV) ratio (RV:TV > 0.249) at processing on day 57, was higher in the groups receiving poultry by-product and poultry fat: 27(22.5%) in group 2, 26(21.7%) in group 3, and 20(16.7%) in group 4 compared to that of the controls 12(10%).

     

Ankyrin repeat and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) box-containing protein (ASB) 15 alters differentiation of mouse C2C12 myoblasts and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt

Ankyrin repeat and suppressor of cytokine signaling box-containing protein (ASB) 15 is a novel ASB gene family member predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle. We have previously reported that overexpression of ASB15 delays differentiation and alters protein turnover in mouse C(2)C(12) myoblasts. However, the extent of ASB15 regulation of differentiation and molecular pathways underlying this activity are unknown. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) 1/2 and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-Akt (PI3K/Akt; Akt is also known as protein kinase B) signaling pathways have a role in skeletal muscle growth. Activation (phosphorylation) of the Erk1/2 signaling pathway promotes proliferation, whereas activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway promotes myoblast differentiation. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that ASB15 controls myoblast differentiation through its regulation of these kinases. Stably transfected myoblasts overexpressing ASB15 (ASB15+) demonstrated decreased differentiation, whereas attenuation of ASB15 expression (ASB15-) increased differentiation. However, ASB15+ cells had less abundance of the phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (active) form, despite decreased differentiation relative to control myoblasts (ASB15Con). The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor, U0126, effectively decreased mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and stimulated differentiation in ASB15- and ASB15Con cells. However, inhibition of the Erk1/2 pathway was unable to overcome the inhibitory effect of overexpressing ASB15 on differentiation (ASB15+), suggesting that the Erk1/2 pathway is likely not the predominant mediator of ASB15 activity on differentiation. Expression of ASB15 also altered phosphorylation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, as ASB15+ and ASB15- cells had decreased and increased Akt phosphorylation, respectively. These data were consistent with observed differences in differentiation. Administration of IGF-I, a PI3K/Akt activator, in ASB15+ was able to partially override the previously observed phenotype of delayed differentiation, whereas administration of the PI3K/ Akt inhibitor, LY294002, decreased phosphorylation of Akt and differentiation of all cell lines similar to the untreated ASB15+ myoblasts. These results provide initial evidence that ASB15 has a role in early myoblast differentiation and that its effects may be mediated in part by the PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway.     

鸡和猪分泌型免疫球蛋白A结构蛋白的比较

通过SephadexG 2 0 0凝胶过滤和DEAE纤维素柱 ,分别从胆汁和初乳中提纯鸡和猪的分泌型免疫球蛋白A (SIgA)。SDS PAGE结果显示 ,鸡SIgA的轻链分子量约为 2 6 0 0 0～ 2 80 0 0 ,与鸡IgG的轻链分子量相似 ,而重链分子量约为 670 0 0～ 70 0 0 0 ,比鸡IgG的分子量要大。猪的SIgA与猪IgG的轻链和重链的分子量均相同。轻链的分子量约为 2 6 0 0 0～ 2 80 0 0 ;重链的分子量约为 53 0 0 0～ 570 0 0。猪SIgA中J链的分子量为 1 6 0 0 0～ 1 70 0 0。本实验证明鸡SIgA轻链的分子量与猪的SIgA的轻链相似 ,而鸡SIgA重链的分子量则高于猪的SIgA的重链     

鸡马立克氏病三价疫苗的安全性及免疫效力研究

将MD三价疫苗以25000PFU／只的剂量颈部皮下接种1日龄SPF雏鸡，结果表明，疫苗的接种不影响鸡体重的增加；不引起鸡法氏囊、脾脏等组织器官发生MD组织病理学变化，对鸡安全无毒性。用SPF鸡评价MD三价疫苗的免疫效力，三批疫苗对RB1B超强毒株攻击的平均保护效力为95．99％，而且无论是用RB1B超强毒株还是用BJMDV-1血毒攻击，MD三价疫苗的保护效力明显高于HVT＋SB1二价疫苗及HVT冻干苗，好于CV1988疫苗；接种MD三价疫苗的4个品系的商品鸡群，抗RB1B超强毒株攻毒的平均保护效力为94．60％；在模拟MD强毒自然传染的试验中，MD三价疫苗的保护效力达到95．65％。上述效力试验的结果说明：MD三价疫苗的免疫接种可使鸡形成抗MD强毒攻击的坚强免疫力。     

Parentage testing of Thoroughbred horse in Korea using microsatellite DNA typing

The present study was to construct a parentage testing system for Thoroughbred (TB) horse. A total number of 1,285 TB horse samples including 962 foals for parentage testing, 9 sires and 314 dams for individual identification were genotyped. Genomic DNA was extracted from 5 hair roots and genotyped by using 14 microsatellite markers (AHT4, AHT5, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS1, HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HTG4, HTG10, LEX3 and VHL20). This method consisted of multiplexing PCR procedure and showed reasonable amplification of all PCR products. Genotypes were determined by genetic analyzer. The number of alleles per locus varied from 3 to 9 with a mean value of 6.36 in TB horse. The expected heterozygosity was ranged from 0.548 to 0.831 (mean 0.699), and the total exclusion probability of 14 microstellite loci was 0.9998. Of the 14 markers, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, HMS7 and HTG10 loci have relatively high PIC value (> 0.7). Of the 962 foals, 960 foals were qualified by compatibility according to the Mendelism. These results suggest that the DNA typing method has high potential for parentage verification and individual identification of TB horses.     

Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect serum antibody to chicken anemia agent

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to chicken anemia agent (CAA) has been developed. This test utilizes a CAA-specific mouse monoclonal antibody to selectively capture virus antigen. Chicken antibodies to CAA bind to the captured antigen and are detected with horseradish peroxidase-labeled anti-chicken immunoglobulin using a conventional indirect ELISA protocol. When 388 chicken sera from specific-pathogen-free and commercial flocks from the United Kingdom, West Germany, the United States and Australia were examined, 98.5% agreement was obtained between the results of the ELISA and the indirect immunofluorescence assay. This ELISA should have worldwide application in testing SPF and commercial chicken flocks for CAA antibodies.     

和田黑鸡与普通商品鸡淋巴细胞转化形态差异分析

根据普通商品鸡与未注射疫苗的和田黑鸡淋巴细胞转化率的对比,分析和田黑鸡机体与普通商品鸡免疫力的强弱。用密度梯度离心法分离出鸡外周血淋巴细胞,于37℃、5%的CO2培养箱中体外培养,如果其受到某种诱导剂,如有丝分裂原植物凝集素(PHA)、刀豆蛋白A(ConA)的诱导后,就会表现为细胞体积增大、代谢旺盛、蛋白质和核酸合成增加,即向淋巴母细胞转化和增殖,淋巴细胞转化率的高低则可以反映机体的免疫水平。试验发现,随着时间的递增,当用植物凝集素(PHA)、刀豆蛋白A(ConA)诱导和田黑鸡和普通商品鸡时转化率也呈现上升趋势,普通商品鸡淋巴细胞的转化率要大于和田黑鸡,且在72h后普通商品鸡与和田黑鸡的淋巴细胞LPS诱导后转化率都呈现递减趋势。该试验为动物疫苗免疫效果检测和细胞因子制剂的研究奠定了基础。     

Diseases of the extremities of swine in relationship to the floor condition with special reference to bursitis

In 2 pig farms, 102 sows kept in single ranging on plain concrete floor, 168 sows kept in single ranging on cast-iron grates and 27 fattening pigs kept in group penning on concrete slatted floors were repeatedly examined for the incidence of auxiliary synovial bursae (ASB). The clinical examination was completed by radiological, patho-anatomical and histological examinations of the rear legs. In sows, ASB were found on two prominences of the bones: on the latero-plantar area of the calcaneum and the fourth tarsal bone as well as on the plantar tarsal sesamoid bone. ASB on the rear legs were found in 41.2% of the sows kept on plain concrete floor and in 59.5% of the sows kept on cast-iron grates. The ASB of the sows kept on cast-iron grates were larger than those of the sows kept on plain concrete floor. In 49% of the sows kept on plain concrete floor the skin covering the ASB was reddened, in 45% of the sows kept on cast-iron grates it was covered with scab. Injury and necrosis of the skin as well as injury of the ASB themselves were found only in animals kept on cast-iron grates and made up 5% of the cases. In 30% of the cases, palpation of the ASB induced defensive movement. The palpation of ball-shaped, soft bursae more often caused defensive movement than did the palpation of flat-shaped, hard bursae. The occurrence of ASB was combined with kyphosis of the spine, false posture of the rear legs, dystasia, hyperextension of the fetlock, arthrosis of the ankle joint, and anomalies of the claws. In fattening pigs, the ASB were localized at the lateroplantar area of the calcaneum and the fourth tarsal bone as well as at the posterior surface of the calcaneum. At the end of the fattening period, ASB were detected in 26 out of 27 fattening pigs. All of the 48 ASB that were examined histologically showed signs of inflammation. In 30 cases the inflammation was chronic, in 18 cases it turned out to be florid. The results indicate that ASB cause pain during the developing phase and also in the chronic stage.     

肉鸡腹水综合征研究进展

肉鸡腹水综合征 ,又称肺动脉高压综合征 ,是影响世界肉鸡饲养业的主要疾病之一。文章着重论述了肉鸡腹水综合征的病史、诱发因素、临床病理学特征以及诊断和治疗的最新研究进展 ,同时对其发病机理提出了三种假说。为进一步揭示其发病机理 ,更好地预防和治疗肉鸡腹水综合征提供了理论参考