猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GP5基因及猪IL-18基因共表达真核表达系统的建立

采用RT-PCR方法扩增了JL/07/SW毒株GP5蛋白和猪IL-18基因。将该基因克隆入真核表达载体pEG-FP-N1,获得重组质粒pEGFP-GP5和pEGFP-IL18-GP5。将重组质粒转染Marc-145细胞,通过Western blotting和green fluorescent检测产物的表达情况。结果显示,所构建的2个重组质粒在Marc-145细胞中能进行有效的转录。结果表明,所构建的重组质粒pEGFP-GP5和pEGFP-IL18-GP5在Marc-145细胞中得到表达,为进一步研究PRRSV基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF5基因疫苗的构建及其在Marc-145细胞中的表达

根据猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）LV和VR-2332株的核苷酸序列,设计合成了1对特异性引物,对PRRSV四川分离株SC1和SC2进行RT-PCR,扩增出病毒ORF5基因。利用真核表达质粒pcDNA3．1（＋）成功构建了PRRSV四川分离株ORF5基因疫苗pcDNA-PRRSV-SC1-ORF5和pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5。通过脂质体转染法和电穿孔转染法将pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5转染Marc-145细胞,间接免疫荧光技术跟踪监测ORF5基因的表达情况,结果表明,脂质体转染法和电穿孔转染法分别在转染26h和23h后检测到ORF5基因特异性表达产物,且随着培养时间的延长,特异性表达产物增多,两者均在56h达到高峰;这证明pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5在Mare-145细胞中已高效表达,为PRRSV基因疫苗在临床上应用提供了实验依据。     

猪核糖核酸酶L基因真核表达载体的构建与表达

为了研究猪核糖核酸酶L(sRNase L)的抗病毒能力,利用pXJ41载体构建猪RNase L基因真核表达载体pXJ41-sRNase L,采用poly(I∶C)转染PK-15细胞刺激诱导sRNase L基因转录mRNA;根据Gen Bank上sRNase L基因编码区序列设计引物并加入真核表达增强序列Kozak序列,通过RT-PCR扩增sRNase L编码基因序列,并将其克隆至真核表达载体pXJ41,通过双酶切和测序鉴定重组质粒;将重组表达载体pXJ41-sRNase L转染Marc-145细胞,Western blot检测sRNase L在Marc-145细胞中表达。结果显示:成功扩增得到sRNase L基因全长;成功克隆至真核表达载体pXJ41并能够在Marc-145细胞中成功表达。结果表明:成功构建了真核表达载体pXJ41-sRNase L并在Marc-145细胞中实现了sRNase L的表达,为进一步研究sRNase L在猪体内先天性免疫中抗病毒能力及其机制提供了条件。     

稳定高效表达猪CD163的Marc-145细胞系的构建与鉴定

试验旨在构建一株高效表达猪CD163(pCD163)的Marc-145细胞系,为猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)的临床分离和疫苗生产奠定基础。根据GenBank中序列设计引物从猪肺泡巨噬细胞(PAM)中扩增pCD163基因,将其插入真核表达载体pCI-neo构建真核表达质粒pCI-pCD163,将该重组质粒转染Marc-145细胞,通过G418筛选、单克隆化并扩大培养筛选获得表达pCD163的Marc-145细胞系,IFA、Western blotting鉴定其表达情况。IFA结果显示,构建的pCD163-Marc细胞系中荧光明显亮于普通Marc-145细胞;Western blotting结果显示,pCD163-Marc细胞系中CD163蛋白表达量约为对照Marc-145细胞中CD163蛋白表达量的8.7倍。且该细胞系可稳定传至20代,各代次之间表达量无差异。证明高效表达猪CD163的Marc-145细胞系构建成功。     

猪繁殖和呼吸综合症病毒河南地方株ORF5／6基因的克隆及真核表达

应用RT-PCR方法分别扩增出猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)河南地方株的ORF5和0RF6基因。将扩增基因克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.0中,设计不同引物自行构建重组质粒PcDNA-ORF5、ORF6和pcDNA-ORF5/6。运用磷酸钙法将重组质粒分别瞬时转染293T细胞,经流式细胞和westbloting试验分析表明共表达重组质粒PcD-NA-ORF5/6表达蛋白能够与PRRSV的阳性血清发生特异性反应,而pcDNA-ORF5-ORF6在293T细胞很难检测到蛋白表达。该结果表明蛋白质生物活性和其蛋白质空间构象有一定关系,也为下一步进行构建PRRSV假型病毒来研究ORF5/6蛋白的结构与功能的关系奠定了基础。     

猪带绦虫六钩蚴TSOL18基因疫苗表达载体的构建及其免疫原性研究

为研制新型猪囊尾蚴疫苗,将猪带绦虫六钩蚴阶段编码 TSOL18 的基因定向克隆于真核表达质粒 pVAX1, 经筛选、鉴定及 DNA序列分析正确后,将重组质粒 pVAX1/TSOL18 转染 BHK-21 细胞,通过 SDS-PAGE、Western blotting、免疫荧光试验等方法检测细胞中表达的 TSOL18 抗原。结果表明,重组真核质粒 pVAX1/TSOL18 可在 BHK-21 细胞中表达TSOL18 目的蛋白,表达蛋白能被猪囊尾蚴病阳性血清所识别。动物免疫试验表明,真核表达载体能有效地诱导机体产生细胞免疫和体液免疫应答,这为猪囊尾蚴病基因疫苗的研究奠定了良好基础。     

猪2型圆环病毒核酸疫苗的构建、鉴定和表达

以pVAX1为真核表达载体，以猪白介素18基因、猪2型圆环病毒内蒙古株的衣壳蛋白和复制蛋白基因为目的基因，构建了pVAX1-ORF2、pVAX1-IL18-ORF2、pVAX1-ORF2-ORF1和pVAX1-IL18-ORF2-ORF1等4个重组质粒作为核酸疫苗。将这4个重组核酸质粒分别酶切鉴定后，转染BHK-21和PK-15细胞进行RT-PCR、间接免疫荧光和Western blotting检测。结果表明，重组核酸质粒构建正确，并能进行表达。     

猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型贵州分离株ORF2基因表达的试验

通过采集疑似猪圆环病毒感染的病料,分离到1株猪圆环病毒2型贵州株,并对其进行了鉴定。原核表达试验结果表明,PCV-2贵州株的ORF2基因可在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达,表达的目的蛋白约为40.0 k Da,且复性蛋白具有一定免疫原性。将真核表达质粒分别转染PK-15细胞,以掌握ORF2基因和白细胞介素-2(IL-2)基因体外表达情况;将重组质粒、空载体及生理盐水分别免疫BALB/c小鼠,以监测血清中特异性抗体及T淋巴细胞亚群含量,从而探讨猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型贵州分离株ORF2基因真核表达效果及长白猪细胞因子IL-2对PCV2 ORF2免疫原性的影响,结果表明,pc DNA3.1-ORF2和pc DNA3.1-ORF2-IL-2在PK-15细胞中获得了较高的表达,IL-2可明显增强PCV-2 DNA免疫效果。     

猪IL-18基因原核表达载体的构建及表达

以含新兴猪IL-18基因的真核质粒pcDNA3.1-pIL18为模板,扩增出新兴猪IL-18基因,将其定向克隆至原核表达载体pET32c和pET41c的SacⅠ和KpnⅠ位点,构建了原核表达载体pET32c-pIL18和pET41c-pIL18。经酶切和PCR鉴定,表明所构建的重组质粒为特异性新兴猪IL-18基因原核表达质粒。将该重组质粒转化大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)细胞,筛选的阳性菌落经SDS-PAGE分析及Western-blotting分析,表明成功构建了表达重组猪IL-18的大肠埃希菌基因工程菌株。蛋白的可溶性分析表明,重组蛋白呈不可溶表达,在菌体内以不溶性的包涵体形式存在。     

猪圆环病毒2型ORF3编码蛋白的体外表达

设计特异引物,以猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)杭州株HZ0201的基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增出ORF3基因,构建了pGEX-4T-1-ORF3原核表达载体和pEGFP-C2-ORF3真核表达载体。ORF3基因全长315 bp,编码105个氨基酸。SDS-PAGE、Western blot分析及真核PK15细胞转染结果显示:ORF3蛋白在大肠杆菌中以包涵体形式存在,分子量大小约为37.7 ku;ORF3重组蛋白在真核PK15细胞的细胞核和细胞浆都有表达,尤其在细胞核中表达量较高,且对细胞有一定的毒性。     

Cloning and Eukaryotic Expression Plasmid Construction of Porcine Interleukin-18 Gene

To obtain recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid of porcine interleukin-18(IL-18), the whole gene of porcine IL-18 gene was amplified from porcine spleen, lung and lymph nodes by RT-PCR and cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pZJ-1. The recombinant expression plasmid pZJ-IL-18 were identified by enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis, and was transfected into 293T cells.The expression of IL-18 was detected by Real-time PCR and Western blotting in both gene and protein levels. The results showed that the eukaryotic expression plasmid of porcine IL-18 was constructed and could express transiently in 293T cells. Western blotting result confirmed that porcine IL-18 polyclonal antibody could react specifically with approximately 17 ku expression products,and indicated that IL-18 could express correctly and be responsive.This study constructed the eukaryotic expression plasmid of porcine IL-18 gene which could express transiently in 293T cells, and laid the foundation for studying function of IL-18.     

猪白细胞介素18基因的克隆及真核表达重组质粒的构建

为获得表达猪白细胞介素18（interleukin-18,IL-18）的真核表达重组质粒,试验通过RT-PCR从猪脾脏、肺脏和淋巴结组织中扩增猪IL-18全基因并定向克隆到真核表达载体pZJ-1,测序分析和酶切鉴定正确后,转染至293T细胞中,并通过实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting分别在基因和蛋白水平检测IL-18的表达。结果表明,试验成功构建了真核表达重组质粒pZJ-IL-18,且可以在293T细胞中表达IL-18基因。Western blotting试验证实,猪IL-18多克隆抗体能与约17 ku的表达产物发生特异性反应,表明IL-18能正确表达且具有反应原性。本试验构建了表达猪IL-18基因的真核表达质粒,并在293T细胞中瞬时表达,为进一步研究IL-18的功能奠定基础。     

猪集落刺激因子和白细胞介素-4的真核表达及其体外诱导猪树突状细胞的研究

试验旨在建立猪集落刺激因子（granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor,GM-CSF）和白细胞介素-4（interleukin-4,IL-4）的真核表达体系,应用表达的2种细胞因子体外诱导猪树突状细胞并检测其细胞功能。首先构建GM-CSF和IL-4真核表达载体,并在HEK293细胞上进行表达验证;其次应用表达的2种细胞因子诱导猪骨髓源和血液源单核细胞;最后分别采用荧光显微镜、流式细胞术检测猪树突状细胞的表面标志CD1a、SLA-Ⅱ和SWC3a,并进行树突状细胞形态学和免疫学功能鉴定。结果显示,本研究构建的2种真核表达载体在HEK293细胞中成功表达GM-CSF和IL-4。形态学观察发现,细胞因子诱导的单核细胞培养3 d后有聚集现象,6 d时可观察到典型的树突状突起。流式细胞术检测发现,表达的细胞因子可成功诱导猪骨髓源和血液源单核细胞转化为树突状细胞,其SWC3a⁺/SLA-Ⅱ⁺和CD1a⁺/SLA-Ⅱ⁺双阳性比例显著提高,与商品化细胞因子处理组没有区别。细胞吞噬试验发现,表达的细胞因子诱导的树突状细胞为未成熟树突状细胞,具有很强的细胞吞噬能力。本试验成功建立了在真核细胞中表达猪重组蛋白GM-CSF和IL-4的方法,并联合应用2种重组细胞因子体外诱导获得猪骨髓源和血液源单核树突状细胞,为进一步研究猪树突状细胞与各种病原微生物作用奠定基础。     

猪IL-15 cDNA真核表达载体的构建、表达及其免疫佐剂效应

参考GenBank发表猪IL-15mRNA序列设计引物,用RT-PCR方法扩增猪IL-15cDNA,并克隆到pMD18-T载体中,通过PCR、酶切和测序验证克隆正确,再亚克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA-3.1（＋）上,得到重组质粒pcD-NA-pIL-15。在脂质体介导下,重组质粒pcDNA-pIL-15转染AD-293细胞。以鼠抗猪IL-15为一抗,用间接免疫荧光分析表明猪IL-15基因均在AD-293细胞中成功进行了瞬时表达。小鼠免疫试验表明,pcDNA-pIL-15作为免疫佐剂,能够有效提高小鼠的脾T细胞增殖,加强pcDNA-ORF2（PCV2）质粒免疫过程中的特异性中和抗体的产生,为进一步研制猪IL-15基因佐剂疫苗及进行临床实验奠定基础。     

Molecular Cloning and Expression of IL2 cDNA from the Tibet Pig

Interleukin-2 is a vital cytokine secreted by activated T lymphocytes, and plays important role in the regulation of cellular and humoral immunity of animals. In our experiment, IL2 cDNA of the Tibet Pig was first cloned by RT-PCR from ConA-stimulated lymphocytes in the blood and subcloned into pMD-18 T vector, which then was identified with endonuclease restriction. The sequencing result showed that Tibet pig IL-2 (TPIL-2) cDNA was 503 bp long (ORF was 465 bp) (Genbank accession number: AY 294018). The recombinant prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression plasmids of the cDNA were then constructed to analyse the ability to stimulate the proliferation of porcine lymphocytes in vitro. The recombinant porcine IL-2 expressed in the prokaryotic cells was found to be of 43 kDa molecular mass, which was consistent with a 17.4 kDa protein deduced from the IL-2 cDNA sequence (glutathione S-transferase molecular mass is 26 kDa); the recombinant protein in eukaryotic cells was confirmed by use of specific rabbit anti-porcine IL-2 serum in an ELISA. The bioactivity of TPIL-2 was detected through MTT colorimetry by stimulating the proliferation of pig ConA-stimulated blasts in vitro. The results indicate that the TPIL-2 significantly promoted the proliferation of ConA-stimulated blasts of pig. This confirms that IL-2 cDNA of the Tibet pig was successfully cloned and expressed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, which lays the foundation for the the preparation of specific recombinant IL-2 protein and development of novel immune adjuvants to raise the immunity of pigs against various infectious pathogens and increase the immunoprotective efficacy of vaccines.     

Regulation by Jun N-terminal kinase/stress activated protein kinase of cytokine expression in Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis-infected bovine monocytes

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate activation of Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK) pathway in bovine monocytes after incubation with Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (Mptb) organisms. SAMPLE POPULATION: Bovine monocytes obtained from 4 healthy adult Holstein dairy cows. PROCEDURES: Bovine monocytes were incubated with Mptb organisms with or without a specific inhibitor of the JNK/SAPK pathway (SP600125) for 2, 6, 24, or 72 hours. Expression of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18; transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta); and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the capacity of Mptb-infected monocytes to acidify phagosomes and kill Mptb organisms were evaluated. Phosphorylation status of JNK/SAPK was evaluated at 10, 30, and 60 minutes after Mptb incubation. RESULTS: Compared with uninfected control monocytes, Mptb-infected monocytes had increased expression of IL-10 at 2 and 6 hours after incubation and had increased expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-18, and TGF-beta at 2, 4, and 6 hours. Additionally, Mptb-infected monocytes had increased expression of IL-12 at 6 and 24 hours. Addition of SP600125 (specific chemical inhibitor of JNK/SAPK) resulted in a decrease in TNF-alpha expression at 2, 6, and 24 hours, compared with untreated Mptb-infected cells. Addition of SP600125 resulted in a decrease in TGF-beta expression at 24 hours and an increase in IL-18 expression at 6 hours. Addition of SP600125 failed to alter phagosome acidification but did enhance the capacity of monocytes to kill Mptb organisms. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Activation of JNK/SAPK may be an important mechanism used by Mptb to regulate cytokine expression in bovine monocytes for survival and to alter inflammatory and immune responses.     

Effects of High Copper on Inflammatory Factors and Cell Proliferation in Rat Kidney Cells

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of copper poisoning on the expression of inflammatory factors and cell proliferation in renal tissues of rat. In this study, 32 healthy rats aged 20 days were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, 8 in each group. The rats were fed as follows: The copper concentration in the control group was 15 mg·kg^-1; high-copper group I: 30 mg·kg^-1; high-copper group Ⅱ: 60 mg·kg^-1; high-copper group Ⅲ: 120 mg·kg^-1. After continuously feeding for 6 months, the mRNA and their proteins expression of Ki-67, PCNA, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, NF-κB, TNF-α in renal tissues were detected. The results demonstrated that the relative expressions of Ki-67,PCNA mRNA and proteins in renal tissues were significantly decreased with the increase of copper content in feed (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, NF-κB, TNF-α in renal tissues were significantly increased (P<0.05). Besides, the relative expression of IL-1β protein was up-regulated in a dose dependent manner, and the relative expression levels of IL-6 and IL-18 proteins increased first and then decreased. In summary, the finding suggested that high copper stimulation inhibited the cell proliferation of rat kidney tissue, promoted the expression of inflammatory factors, and caused inflammatory damage.     

高铜对大鼠肾细胞炎性因子和细胞增殖的影响

旨在探讨铜中毒对大鼠肾组织炎性因子的表达和细胞增殖功能的影响。本研究选用32只20日龄健康大鼠随机分为4组,每组8只,其中,对照组日粮的铜（Cu）浓度为15 mg·kg^-1;高铜Ⅰ组日粮Cu浓度为30 mg·kg^-1;高铜Ⅱ组日粮Cu浓度为60 mg·kg^-1;高铜Ⅲ组日粮Cu浓度为120 mg· kg^-1。连续饲喂6个月,检测肾组织Ki-67、PCNA、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-18、NF-κB、TNF-α的mRNA及其蛋白的表达。随着日粮中铜含量增高,肾组织中Ki-67、PCNA mRNA及其蛋白表达量显著降低（P<0.05）。炎性因子IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-18、NF-κB、TNF-α mRNA的表达水平显著升高（P<0.05）,IL-1β蛋白的表达水平呈剂量依赖性上升,IL-6和IL-18蛋白表达水平先上升,后下降。结果表明,日粮铜含量高于30 mg·kg^-1时,将不同程度地抑制大鼠肾组织的细胞增殖,促进炎性因子的表达,造成炎性损伤。