毛细管电色谱法的研究进展与应用

综述了电色谱技术及其应用进展,并对用于农药残留分析的加压毛细管电色谱法进行了阐述。     

双向犁圆柱凸轮自动翻转机构的研究

利用拖拉机的牵引力,当体入土时压缩缩弹簧贮存能量,机组耕作到地头拖拉机的液压提升机构将犁体提升后,通过圆柱凸轮机构就能实现双向犁的自动翻转。通过机构设计,运动分析和性能测试,该机构具有设计合理,翻转平稳,运转可结构上有创新性等特点。     

Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase: electrophoretic variants associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia

Starch-gel electrophoresis of leukocyte alkaline phosphatases, rendered soluble by treating normal leukocytes with butanol, revealed three electrophoretic variants of the enzyme. The phosphatases in similarly prepared extracts of leukemia cells differed from the normal isozymes in electrophoretic. mobility. A single variant was detected in one case of untreated leukemia; a similar component and three additional ones were seen in leukemia treated with 6-mercaptopurine.     

加压毛细管电色谱法测定鳗鱼中5种磺胺类药物残留

建立了加压毛细管电色谱（pCEC）法同时测定鳗鱼中磺胺嘧啶、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、磺胺喹噁啉、磺胺甲噁唑、磺胺二甲异噁唑5种磺胺类药物残留的分析方法。样品均质后经乙酸乙酯提取,无水硫酸钠脱水,HLB固相萃取柱净化,最后利用加压毛细管电色谱进行检测。通过优化有机相的比例,流动相中的盐浓度和电压等色谱条件,使5种药物的出峰时间控制在6.5 min内。结果表明：5种磺胺类药物在0.5～5μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好（R〉0.999 0）,磺胺嘧啶、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶检出限为0.02 mg/kg;磺胺喹噁啉的检出限为0.03 mg/kg;磺胺甲噁唑、磺胺二甲异噁唑的检出限为0.04 mg/kg。在鳗鱼空白样本中加标浓度分别为2 mg/kg、5 mg/kg,5种药物相应的回收率在71%～82%之间,该法快速、准确,能够满足日常检测需要。     

铜缺乏奶牛肝脏金属硫蛋白的电泳特征

本实验选择铜缺乏区有明显临床症状的奶牛 6头 ,采集肝脏样品后用差速离心法分离肝脏金属硫蛋白 (MT) ,以Sephadex-G75进行柱层析纯化 ,将纯化后的 MT进行 SDS-PAGE不连续电泳 ,并作考马斯亮兰染色及扫描分析。将 6头健康奶牛的肝脏样品作为对照。实验结果表明 ,健康奶牛肝细胞浆 MT经不连续 SDS-PAGE电泳时可出现两条清晰的区带 ;发病奶牛的 MT除表现条清晰区外 ,同时在负极端条带前后位置均出现较为明显的杂带。发病奶牛的区带 及区带 的含量均显著大于健康奶牛。结论 :铜缺乏能够改变奶牛肝脏中 MT的代谢     

大蒜体细胞无性系的电泳图谱分析

利用电泳技术对改良蒜的10个体细胞无性系(F0代)酯酶同工酶、过氧化物酶同工酶和醇溶蛋白进行了研究，电泳图谱分析表明，受检的10个体细胞无性系，其酯酶同工酶和过氧化物酶同工酶均出现了酶活性的变化和酶带条数的减少。对照植株的酯酶同工酶在13区有4条酶带，而G0。、G04、G07、G11、G15、G16、G17、G22、G23等9个无性系只有1～3条酶带，均少于对照，变异率达90％；醇溶蛋白在图谱上也表现出不同无性系之间条带数量的不同及迁移率相同的条带而颜色差异明显。     

毛细管电泳法测定饮料中的铅

应用毛细管区带电泳（ＣＺＥ）法，采用１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ咪唑作为背景电解质，１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌα－羟基乙酸作为选择性改性剂，在ｐＨ４．０，分离电压为２５ＫＶ，柱温为２２℃方法的条件下，采用间接紫外线检测（２１４ｎｍ），在４ｍｉｎ内分离测定了饮料中的铅。简便、快速、灵敏度高、重现性好、测定成本低。     

小鼠脑提取液中铝的毛细管电泳分析

用毛细管区带电泳法(CZE)测定了小鼠脑中的铝,在10mmol/L苄胺和40％甲醇溶液中,Al3+在7min内与其他组分分离,用间接紫外吸收法在 214nm处检测,并以外标法定量,对样品进行5次测定,RDS为2.9％,回收率为96.8％,方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,重现性好,成本低。     

结合力场的双尺度自动机

双尺度自动机定义了植物的发生过程,但没有描述外界作用的影响机制,不能为植物的多数动态行为建模。本文引入力场,分析了力场中单根树枝的力平衡情况,给出了计算扭曲的公式。进一步给出了力场对整棵植株的作用机制,即利用双尺度自动机所发生植物所具有的天然层次性,基于主干受外力的影响较小的特点,先主干、后侧枝地反复分析各根树枝的扭曲情况,建立起外界综合影响的模型。最后给出了不同强度风对树的影响效果。     

Acquired factor 8 antibodies: further immunologic and electrophoretic studies

Seven new cases of acquired inhibitors of Factor VIII have been typed immunologically as (gamma2kappa2) antibodies. Electrophoretic mobility on starch block of a combined group of 13 such antibodies is considerably more rapid than that of the bulk of immunoglobulin G.     

Inherited electrophoretic hemoglobin patterns among 20 inbred strains of mice

The hemoglobin from mice of six inbred strains is of the single-spot electrophoretic type, and that from 14 inbred strains is of the diffuse type. No selective advantage is apparent for either type. The distribution among strains shows some relation to the history of the development of the strains.     

Femtotesla magnetic field measurement with magnetoresistive sensors

The measurement of magnetic fields in the femtotesla (fT, 10(-15) tesla) range is important for applications such as magnetometry, quantum computing, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, and magnetoencephalography. The only sensors capable of detecting these very small fields have been based on low-temperature superconducting quantum interference devices operating at 4.2 kelvin. We present a magnetic field sensor that combines a superconducting flux-to-field transformer with a low-noise giant magnetoresistive sensor. The sensor can be operated up to 77 kelvin. Our small-size prototype provides the capability of measuring 32 fT.     

奶牛初乳SIgA的提纯与电泳分析

为了建立提取奶牛初乳中SIgA的方法，本试验取分娩当日的奶牛乳汁，经10000 r/min离心10min，0.2mol/L（PH=6.0）PBS透析，上清液加0.06 mol/L硫酸锌处理后，调PH值为6.8-6.9，加入饱和硫酸铵，取沉淀溶于水，并在0.02mol/L（PH=8.0）PBS中透析至无NH4+，样品浓缩后上DEAE Sepharose (Fast Flow)柱，用0.02mol/L（PH=8.0）至0.3mol/L（PH=8.0）PBS梯度洗脱；收集峰蛋白上葡聚糖凝胶-200层析柱，用0.01mol/L（PH=7.4）PBS洗脱；收集出现蛋白峰的洗脱液，经SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定，为SIgA单体。经初步测定奶牛初乳中SIgA含量为3.47mg/ml。本试验已成功建立提取奶牛初乳中SIgA的方法。     

电泳技术在种子纯度鉴定中的几个关键问题

纯度是种子最重要的质量指标之一，也是目前我国种子生产和质量管理中最突出的问题之一。全国每年都有不少假种和低纯度种子案件的发生，给农民和农业生产造成重大的损失。因此，研究出一套快速准确、操作简单、成本低廉的室内纯度鉴定方法非常必要。全国农技服务中心组织全国11个省的质检机构连续3年的联合攻关研究和完善，制订了玉米种子纯度盐溶蛋白电泳鉴定法(NY／Y449—2001)，该方法的制订与实施，填补了我国自行研制种子生化测纯标准方法的空     

Lactate dehydrogenase electrophoretic variant in a New Guinea Highland population

Six examples of a variation in the LDH-A subunit have been detected in 408 samples from three exogamous clans in the New Guinea Highlands. The New Guinea variant is similar to the Memphis-4 variant. Origin of the New Guinea variant could not be traced by genealogy but it seems likely to have persisted for several generations.     

Antibodies to pneumococcal polysaccharides: relation between binding and electrophoretic heterogeneity

Antibodies to type III and type VIII pneumococcal polysaccharides were examined with respect to ligand binding and electrophoretic heterogeneity. Both antibodies showed apparent binding homogeneity, although multiple light chain and heavy chain electrophoretic species were demonstrated.