Serum Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Crossbred Swine from Birth Through Eight Weeks of Age

Nineteen serum biochemical and seven hematological parameters were determined for crossbred swine from birth through eight weeks of age. From birth (before nursing) to eight hours (after ingestion of colostrum) of age, there was an increase in concentrations of serum total protein, blood urea nitrogen and total bilirubin and increased activities of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and lactic dehydrogenase. There was a decrease in serum sodium, chloride and potassium concentrations, hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume during the same period. There was an increase in both serum potassium concentration and erythrocyte count from five (weaning) to six weeks of age. At the same time, there was a decrease in serum sodium and chloride concentrations. The mean concentration of serum cholesterol did not change during the first 24 hours of neonatal life; however, it increased during the 24 to 72 hour period with a linear decrease to six weeks of age.     

福建黄兔血液生理生化指标的测定

为了建立福建黄兔的血液正常生理生化指标。选择健康、体重约2．0kg的福建黄兔20只,雌雄各半,在普通环境中饲养观察一周,试验前禁食12h,自由饮水,清晨空腹耳静脉采血,采用HEMAVET950动物血液分析仪测定20项血液生理值,采用Sysmex Chemix-180全自动血液生化分析仪进行24项血液生化值的测定。结果表明：福建黄兔血液生理指标中除血红蛋白浓度（HGa）雌雄有显著差异外,其他指标差异均不显著;所测的福建黄兔各项血液生化指标雌雄均无显著性差异。说明福建黄兔雌雄间的生理生化值基本一致,不受性别因素的影响。     

Serum Biochemical and Hematological Parameters of Sinclair(S-1) Miniature Sows During Gestation and Lactation

Venous blood samples were collected from 29 Sinclair(S-1) miniature sows at 14, ten, six and two weeks prior to parturition and two, four and six weeks postpartum to determine the effect of pregnancy and lactation upon 19 serum biochemical and 12 hematological parameters. During gestation, the levels of serum cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and alpha₁-globulin, as well as packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration, decreased; whereas, the level of serum beta-globulin increased. During lactation, the concentrations of serum glucose, total protein, albumin, beta-globulin, calcium, sodium and hemoglobin, as well as packed cell volume, decreased; whereas, the concentration of serum cholesterol and the activity of serum alkaline phosphatase increased.     

蛋氨酸对梅花鹿仔鹿生长性能及血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究在低蛋白质饲粮中添加蛋氨酸对梅花鹿仔鹿生长性能及血清生化指标的影响。选取24头健康的梅花鹿仔鹿,随机分成3组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组),每组8个重复,每个重复1只。Ⅰ组饲喂蛋白质水平为14.16%的饲粮,Ⅱ组饲喂添加了0.16%蛋氨酸的蛋白质水平为12.46%的低蛋白质饲粮,Ⅲ组饲喂添加了0.12%蛋氨酸的蛋白质水平为12.46%的低蛋白质饲粮。饲养试验于2015年10月2日开始,至2015年10月24日结束。为了测定其生长性能,在试验开始和结束时对仔鹿进行称重;为了测定其血清生化指标,在试验结束时进行采血。结果表明:各组梅花鹿仔鹿的增重、平均日增重、料重比均差异不显著(P0.05);各组梅花鹿仔鹿血清中总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLOB)、尿素氮(UN)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬门氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性均差异不显著(P0.05);Ⅲ组血清中白蛋白(ALB)含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05)。由此得出,与蛋白质水平为14.16%的饲粮相比,在蛋白质水平为12.46%的低蛋白质饲粮中添加0.16%蛋氨酸对梅花鹿仔鹿的生长性能及血清生化指标均无显著影响,说明在本试验范围内利用低蛋白质饲粮添加蛋氨酸代替高蛋白质饲粮是可行的。     

玉米赤霉烯酮对小鼠血常规及血液生化指标的影响

采用单次腹腔内注射不同剂量(25、50、100 mg/kg)的玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEA),研究ZEA对小鼠血液毒性作用。血常规分析表明,ZEA不能引起小鼠贫血,可导致淋巴细胞明显减少(P0.05),白细胞及其他各组分细胞升高,血小板数量明显减少(P0.05),这些变化存在剂量依赖性;血生化分析表明,肝功能指标(AST、ALT)明显升高(P0.05),TP和ALB水平降低,肾脏功能指标尿素、尿酸明显升高(P0.05)。上述结果表明,ZEA对小鼠血液、肝脏、肾脏有严重的毒害作用。     

不同周龄大耳白兔血液生理生化指标的测定

为了明确大耳白兔中国兽药监察所封闭群的生物学特性，对其血液生理生化指标进行了测定。选5、10及13周龄的雄兔和雌兔。空腹采血测定红细胞、白细胞等16项血液生理指标和血糖、总蛋白等16项生化指标。10周龄的红细胞数、白细胞数、红细胞压积和平均红细胞血红蛋白含量高于5周龄和13周龄，雌雄间血液生理指标无明显差异，血清丙氨酸转氨酶含量随着周龄的增加而升高，碱性磷酸则随着周龄的增加而下降。与日本大耳白兔相比，主要血液生理指标比较接近，丙氨酸转氨酸、白蛋白、尿素氮、直接胆红素等血液生化指标相近，其他指标有所不同。测定结果表明，该封闭群具有不同于日本大耳白兔（Slc:JW/CSK)的生物学特性。     

笼养白腹锦鸡血液生理生化指标的检测

为给白腹锦鸡的人工饲养繁育、健康状况检测等提供科学参考数据和理论依据,本实验选择20只健康成年白腹锦鸡,体重为0. 597～0. 890 kg,于晨时饲喂前经翼静脉采集全血,采用自动干式生化分析仪和兽用全自动血液细胞分析仪测定18项血液生理生化指标。结果表明:白腹锦鸡的红细胞个体数目雌雄间无显著性差异(P> 0. 05);血小板数目雌雄间无显著性差异(P> 0. 05);葡萄糖雌雄无显著性差异(P> 0. 05);尿素氮雌雄无显著性差异(P> 0. 05);谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶雌雄无显著性差异(P> 0. 05),但大大低于野生白腹锦鸡;以上说明所测白腹锦鸡生理生化指标雌雄之间差异不显著(P> 0. 05),白腹锦鸡血液生理生化指标具有相对稳定性,这一结果能为白腹锦鸡人工繁育、健康状况、饲养管理和疾病防治提供科学依据。     

笼养白鹇血液生理生化指标的研究

为了解和掌握成年白鹇血液生理生化指标,选择经临床检查健康的35只成年白鹇,体重1.11~1.39 kg,于早晨饲喂前翅静脉采集全血,采用兽用全自动血液细胞分析仪和自动干式生化分析仪测定22项血液生理生化指标。结果表明:所测成年白鹇生理生化指标雌雄之间差异均不显著(P0.05)。说明白鹇血液生理生化指标具有相对稳定性,这一结果能为白鹇饲养管理、疾病防治提供参考依据。     

祁连马鹿血清生化指标的测定

对祁连县养鹿场围栏放牧的37～4O头马鹿的12项血清生化指标进行了测定,结果为：K 5．35±0．64mmol／L,Na 140．19±4．47mmol／L,Ca 2．36±0．19mmol／L,P2．45±0．42mmol／L,Cˉ101．48±5.54mmol／L,总蛋白86.24±5.49g／L,白蛋白55.20±5.63g/L,球蛋白31.04±4．57g／L,A／G1．83±0．36,血清蛋白质组分（％）：A63．99±4.85,α13.03±1.18,α26.38±1·40,β10．43±2,02、γ16．17±3．21,GPT282．9±68.8nmol·s－1/L,GOT617．6±247．7nmol·s－1/L。公鹿与母鹿的各项指标无显著差异（P＞0．05）。     

白唇鹿血清生化指标测定

测定了３５头青海白唇鹿的１９项血清生化指标。结果为Ｎａ＾２＋１３８．１±５．８４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｋ＾＋５．７５±０．７３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｃａ＾２＋２．４２±０．２０／Ｌ，Ｐ２．３３±．３８ｍｍｏｌ／，Ｃｌ＾－，１０２．２±６．０３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，总蛋白８７．５０±６．１７ｇ／Ｌ白蛋白５９．１８±６．９６ｇ／Ｌ球蛋白２８．３４±５．２６ｇ／Ｌ，Ａ／Ｇ，２．１９±０．５９，血清蛋白质组分（％）Ａ６７．５７±     

Serum Protein Fraction in Mature Horses and Relationship With Metabolic and Hematological Parameters

This study was conducted to determine the effect of age on serum protein fractions and their relationship with metabolic and hematological profiles in mature horses. Twenty-five mature Italian Saddle horses (mean age 13.6 ± 4.8 years) fed the same diet (grass hay and concentrate) were stratified according to age as first maturity, M1 (≤10 years old); second maturity, M2 (>10 and <15 years old); and old, O (>15 years), to be monitored every 28 days for a continuous period of 140 days. Horses in group O had higher plasma protein and thiol concentrations and white blood cell and neutrophil counts than the other two groups. Serum α₂-globulin concentrations were positively correlated with total plasma cholesterol (r = 0.514; P < .001), alkaline phosphatase (r = 0.430; P < .001), aspartate aminotransferase (r = 0.339; P < .001), ceruloplasmin (r = 0.321; P < .001), glutamic pyruvate transaminase (r = 0.444; P < .001), reactive oxygen metabolites (r = 0.426; P < .001), and blood neutrophil counts (r = 0.344; P < .01), and negatively with plasma bilirubin (r = −0.522; P < .001) and creatinine (r = −0.400; P < .001). These results suggest differences in hematological and metabolic profile in Italian Saddle horses after 15 years of age, resulting mainly from changes in plasma proteins and inflammatory mediators. The α₂-globulins fraction seems a quick but reliable marker of an inflammatory situation that, successively, should be better investigated with specific metabolites or enzymes.     

Effect of Age and Performance on Physical,Hematological, and Biochemical Parameters in Endurance Horses

Endurance horses are subjected to heightened stress even after several conditioning protocols. Hence, the goal of this study was to examine the effect of age and performance on the hematology, biochemistry, and physical parameters after an endurance race. Eighteen horses aged 6-15 years were grouped into 80-km race category. All the horses were physically examined, and blood samples were collected postrace. After physical examination, the poor (n = 9) and good (n = 9) performance horses were identified. Potassium concentration was significantly higher (P < .05) in the good performance horses; chloride concentration was significantly higher (P < .05) in the poor performance horses. The mean blood glucose concentration of the poor performance horses in all the age-groups was significantly higher (P < .05). The mean blood lactate concentration was significantly lower (P < .05) in the poor performance horses. There was significant effect of performance on heart rate (P < .031), capillary refill time (P < .013), and gut motility (P < .05). Univariate Fisher exact test results were significantly higher for skin recoil (P < .03), mucous membrane (P < .03), and gait (P < .04) in the performance categories. In conclusion, the influence of age was seen in the poor performance category in relation to lactate, but age did not influence other physical, hematological, and biochemical parameters of the endurance horses. Thus, further studies are required to determine whether physical, hematological, and biochemical parameters during training could be used to estimate performance in endurance horses based on age.     

维生素A对鹅生长性能及血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究不同水平维生素A对青农灰鹅生长性能、血清生化指标及组织中维生素A含量的影响。选用1日龄青农灰鹅200只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鹅。各组在玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中分别添加0、1 500、3 000、6 000和12 000 IU/kg的维生素A。试验期12周。结果表明:1)饲粮添加维生素A能显著提高1～4、5～12周龄青农灰鹅平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),降低死淘率,但对料重比影响不显著(P>0.05)。2)4周龄时,添加6 000 IU/kg维生素A显著降低了血清尿酸含量(P<0.05),添加3 000和6 000 IU/kg维生素A极显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.01),但对血清总蛋白、血糖和尿素氮的含量影响不显著(P>0.05);12周龄时,添加6 000 IU/kg维生素A显著降低血清血糖和尿酸含量(P<0.05),极显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.01),但不同水平维生素A对血清总蛋白、尿素氮的含量影响不显著(P>0.05)。3)随着饲粮中维生素A添加水平的提高,血清及肝脏中维生素A含量极显著增加(P<0.01)。由此可见,本试验条件下,以生长性能作为衡量标准,1～4周龄青农灰鹅饲粮维生素A适宜添加水平为8 000 IU/kg,5～12周龄为9 000 IU/kg;以血清生化指标作为衡量标准,1～4、5～12周龄维生素A添加水平均以6 000 IU/kg为宜。     

水貂12项血清生化指标的初步检测与分析

为建立东北地区健康短毛黑水貂血液生化指标的正常参考范围,探讨雌雄水貂间各项血液生化指标的差异显著性,随机选取8月龄健康短毛黑水貂60只(♂30只、♀30只)作为试验材料,于2009年12月中旬取皮时期进行心脏采血,离心分离血清,采用AMS-18全自动生化分析仪及相关试剂盒对血清12项生化指标进行了检测与分析。结果表明:短毛黑水貂碱性磷酸酶(ALP)雌雄间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01);尿酸(UA)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、甘油三酯(TG)雌雄间差异显著(P<0.05);总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、肌酐(Cre)、尿素氮(BUN)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、肌酸激酶(CK)、总胆固醇(T-CHO)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量在雌雄水貂间无显著差异(P>0.05)。     

隐性白羽肉鸡及其配套地方鸡部分血液生化指标的测定

本试验测定了我校最新育成的隐性白羽肉鸡快慢羽系父系、母系及其配套地方鸡广西黄鸡和文昌鸡主要的血液生化指标。结果表明,四个品系血清总蛋白、白蛋白、葡萄糖、胆固醇、Ca含量接近,血清P、K、Na含量A系最高,显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)高于其它三系,各品系内公母之间母鸡的血Ca均极显著(P<0.01)高于公鸡。血清淀粉酶(AMY)活力和肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)活力B系极显著(P<0.01)高于其它三系,血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力品系间差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

笼养白颈长尾雉血液生理生化指标的测定

以325.00~450.00 g的成年笼养白颈长尾雉为研究对象,对笼养白颈长尾雉(15♂,17♀)的24项血液生理生化指标进行了测定并按性别分组统计进行显著性检验,结果表明:所测生理生化指标在性别之间差异不显著(P0.05)。白颈长尾雉血液生理生化指标具有相对稳定性,这一结果能为白颈长尾雉疾病诊断、治疗和饲养管理提供参考。     

低聚异麦芽糖对肉鸭生长及血清生化特性的影响

选择1日龄公母比例相等的樱桃谷肉鸭180只随机分成3组,分别饲喂3种不同处理的日粮,即对照组(基础日粮组)、100mg/kg金霉素组和1000mg/kg低聚异麦芽糖(IMO)组,每个处理设3个重复,每个重复20只。结果表明:IMO能显著提高肉鸭的日增重(P<0.05),显著降低饲料转化率(P<0.05);IMO组血清总蛋白水平和白蛋白水平分别比对照组提高21.83%(P>0.05),14.66%(P<0.05);尿素氮水平比对照组显著降低(P<0.05)。提示:IMO通过改善消化机能,影响内分泌,加强蛋白质的合成与沉积来促进肉鸭生长。IMO与金霉素具有相似的促生长效果,在一定程度上具有替代金霉素的作用。     

饲粮中添加甜菜碱对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加甜菜碱对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响.选用体重(7.12±0.11)kg断奶后1周的“杜×长×大”仔猪160头,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮上添加600、900、1 200 mg/kg甜菜碱的试验饲粮.试验期28 d.结果表明,饲粮中添加甜菜碱能够显著提高仔猪的平均日采食量和平均日增重(P＜0.05),显著增加血清生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ的含量(P＜0.05).600mg/kg甜菜碱显著降低了血清尿素氮和低密度脂蛋白含量(P＜0.05).但饲粮中添加甜菜碱对血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、甘油三酯、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白含量和代谢酶的活性无显著影响(P＞0.05).由此可见,饲粮中添加甜菜碱可以提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,促进蛋白质的沉积和脂肪代谢,其中以添加量600 mg/kg效果最好.     

湖北乌羊和酉州乌羊血液生化指标比较分析

为从生化特性方面研究该品种的种质特征,文章比较了湖北乌羊与酉州乌羊等其他山羊12项血液生化指标。结果表明,湖北乌羊的血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、胆固醇(TC)、球蛋白(GLOB)和低密度胆固醇(LDL-C)极显著高于其他山羊(P<0.01);过氧化氢脱氢酶(LDH)、白球比(A/G)以及高密度胆固醇(HDL-C)极显著低于其他山羊(P<0.01)。这些差异在一定程度上可能与湖北乌羊比其他山羊具有较强的抗应激能力和抗病性有关,部分差异可能还与其独特的乌质性状有关。     

高剂量脱氢醋酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标和血常规指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加高剂量脱氢醋酸钠对动物生长和血清生化指标和血常规指标的影响。选用288头10日龄杜长大三元杂交哺乳仔猪,预饲养至23日龄断奶,按体重一致和公母各占1/2的原则随机分为4个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复12头猪。4组分别饲喂不含脱氢醋酸钠的基础饲粮(对照组)以及在基础饲粮中分别添加脱氢醋酸钠0.02%(试验1组)、0.10%(试验2组)和0.20%(试验3组)的饲粮,试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,23~52日龄,试验3组仔猪的平均日增重(ADG)极显著降低了27.10%(P0.01),平均日采食量(ADFI)极显著降低了21.26%(P0.01),料重比(F/G)极显著提高了11.59%(P0.01)。2)52日龄,试验3组仔猪血液白细胞(WBC)数量较对照组显著增加了43.46%(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,52日龄,试验2和3组仔猪血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性分别极显著降低了55.94%、63.08%(P0.01);试验1、2组血清尿素氮(UN)浓度分别显著升高了59.83%、72.48%(P0.05),试验3组极显著升高了110.50%(P0.01);试验2和3组血清肌酐(CRE)浓度分别极显著升高了36.38%、40.15%(P0.01)。上述结果提示,饲粮中添加高剂量的脱氢醋酸钠可使断奶仔猪的生长性能和部分血清生化指标表现异常,存在一定的健康风险。