急性脑梗死患者血清胆红素和脂质变化分析

目的：观察急性脑梗死患者血清胆红素、脂质的变化情况及临床意义。方法：对89例急性脑梗死患者的血清胆红素、脂质、脂蛋白和载脂蛋白进行检测，并与65例健康对照者进行比较。结果：急性脑梗死患者的血清总胆红素、间接胆红素、高密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A较健康对照组低(P＜0．05或0．01)，血清直接胆红素、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白B较健康对照组高(P＜0．05或0．01)，血清总胆固醇、甘油三脂两组差别无显著性(P＞0．05)。结论：血清间接胆红素、高密度脂蛋白和载脂蛋白A的下降，低密度脂蛋白和载脂蛋白B的升高可作为急性脑梗死的危险因素。     

山羊尿石症发生过程中血液及尿液生化变化的动态研究

应用棉饼稻草日粮饲喂18只阉割公山羊,在其饮水中添加氧化镁时,对成功诱发尿石症的6只山羊血液及尿液生化变化特点进行研究.试验分4个时期:预试结束时为Ⅰ期,正式试验的第15～60天为Ⅱ期,尿闭发生初期为Ⅲ期,尿闭发生后2～5 d为Ⅳ期.结果表明:山羊采食棉饼稻草日粮后,尿沉渣晶体和结石的主要成分为磷酸铵镁和磷酸钾镁.Ⅱ期血浆尿素水平较Ⅰ期显著升高,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期血浆肌酐水平较Ⅰ、Ⅱ期显著升高,血液尿素/肌酐比值在Ⅱ期显著升高);Ⅲ、Ⅳ期血浆尿素与肌酐含量较Ⅰ、Ⅱ期显著升高,血液尿素/肌酐比值显著降低;尿蛋白在Ⅱ期明显升高,在Ⅲ期显著减低,但在Ⅳ期又急剧升高.血液磷、镁、钾含量在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期显著升高;在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期血钾、镁含量显著升高,血液无机磷、钠、氯含量显著降低.Ⅱ期尿液无机磷、镁、钾、铵含量较Ⅰ期显著降低,在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期尿磷、镁、钾、铵含量进一步降低,尿钙含量显著降低.结论:山羊磷酸铵(钾)镁尿石症尿闭出现后出现氮质血症,高钾、低磷、低钠、低氯血症以及肾机能不全,且随尿闭的持续而加重.尿液中无机磷、镁、钾、铵含量因参与晶体及结石形成而降低.     

原发性肾病综合征患儿血及尿白细胞介素-18检测及其意义

目的探讨白细胞介素-18(IL-18)与小儿原发性肾病综合征(PNS)发病之间的关系.方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定PNS患儿极期及恢复期血、尿中IL-18水平,并分析与24h尿蛋白定量之间的关系.结果PNS患儿治疗前和恢复期血与尿IL-18差异极为显著;血IL-18、尿IL-18均与24h尿蛋白定量呈显著正相关(r=0.759,P＜0.005;r=0.835,P＜0.001).结论IL-18与PNS的发病有关,可能在其发病中起部分作用.     

胆红素氧化酶的特性及应用研究综述

胆红素氧化酶（bilirubin oxidase,BOD）是多铜氧化酶家族的1个成员,因能催化胆红素为胆绿素而得名.随着对该酶研究的深入,发现它具有漆酶无法比拟的优点.本文从BOD的生物化学特性、酶的产生来源、在污染物降解、染料脱色等环境治理、生物燃料电池制备或胆红素传感器制备等领域中的应用作了较为详尽的综述.     

Substrate-induced conjugation of bilirubin in genetically deficient newborn rats

Bilirubin appears to induce its own conjugation with glucuronide. Bilibrubin uridine diphosphate-glucuronyltransferase activity is relatively high at birth in heterozygous offspring of permanently jaundiced female rats. The postnatal development of the transferase is accelerated in hyperbilirubinemic heterozygotes.     

尿渗透压与尿生化指标在慢性肾炎诊断中的意义

目的 检测慢性肾炎不同临床分期尿渗透压和尿生化指标的变化,评价尿渗透压和尿生化指标在慢性肾炎诊断中的应用意义.方法 选取200例慢性肾炎的患者作为实验组,60例健康体检者为正常对照组,其中实验组根据血清肌酐fCR)分为肾功能不全代偿期组、肾功能不全失代偿期组、肾功能衰竭期组、尿毒症组,测定各组的尿渗透压、尿α1微球蛋白(尿α1-M)、尿β2微球蛋白(尿β2-M)、尿蛋白肌酐比值(UP/CR)、尿白蛋白肌酐比值(UA/CR)的含量.结果 正常对照组和慢性肾炎组之间的尿渗透压、尿α1-M、尿β2-M、UP/CR、UA/CR差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).而各亚组的比较中,尿渗透压随着肾功能损伤的程度增加而降低,尿α1-M、尿β2-M、UP/CR、UA/CR均随着肾功能的损害程度加大而升高,但UP/CR、UA/CR在慢性肾炎晚期(尿毒症期)反而降低.正常对照组和肾功能代偿期组的尿渗透压、尿α1-M、UP/CR、UA/CR比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而尿β2-M、血清肌酐比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 尿渗透压、尿α1-M、UP/CR、UA/CR比尿β2-M、血清肌酐对慢性肾衰竭的早期诊断更有意义.     

糖尿病肾病患者尿微量白蛋白、免疫球蛋白G、转铁蛋白和视黄醇结合蛋白的检测及意义

目的 分析糖尿病肾病患者尿微量白蛋白(MA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、转铁蛋白(TRF)和视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)的检测及其意义.方法 将86例糖尿病患者依据其尿蛋白定性试验分为尿蛋白阳性和阴性组,用免疫透射比浊法测量上述4种尿微量蛋白量,并与正常对照组进行比较.结果 糖尿病尿蛋白阳性组和阴性组的MA、IgG、TRF和RBP水平均明显高于正常对照组,且糖尿病尿蛋白阳性组的这4种尿微量蛋白水平又明显高于尿蛋白阴性组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 检测这4种尿微量蛋白量对糖尿病肾病早期诊断具有重要意义.     

Steroids and serum complement in mice: influence of hydrocortisone, diethylstilbestrol, and testosterone

Hydrocortisone depresses hemnolytic complement in male and female mice. Testosterone causes increase of serum complement in female mice, and diethylstilbestrol causes decrease of serum complement in male mice, in each instance to activities approximating those found normally in the opposite sex. Male and female sex hormones have no effect, in the doses used, on the serum complement of male and female mice respectively.     

牛胆汁中蛋白质种类及钙结合蛋白的电泳分析

为了检测健康牛胆汁中主要蛋白质的种类及钙结合蛋白(CaBP)的含量,依据分子质量大小,利用PAGE和SDS-PAGE电泳技术对牛胆汁中的蛋白质进行分析.采用CaCl2溶液沉淀牛胆汁中CaBP后,冉用EDTA溶解沉淀得到CaBP粗提品,粗品经PAGE电泳后用电洗脱方法得到CaBP,然后对其分子质量和含量进行测定.PAGE和SDS-PAGE电泳均显示胆汁中含有6种主要蛋白质,分子质量分别为65.0、58.0、51.0、35.5、15.6、6.6 ku;其中,分子质量最小的是CaBP;健康牛胆汁中CaBP的含量为0.15 mg·mL-1.     

疣孢漆斑菌产胆红素氧化酶条件优化及对染料脱色的研究

疣孢漆斑菌代谢产生的胆红素氧化酶在环境保护等领域有较大的应用潜力。为了提高胆红素氧化酶的产量,采用单因素试验和正交试验相结合的方法,研究培养基中C、N、金属离子及诱导剂对疣孢漆斑菌3.2190产酶的影响。结果表明,在产酶培养基中,葡萄糖和大豆蛋白胨为最适C源和N源,添加2mmol/L铜离子和0.1mmol/L的诱导剂均可以提高发酵液的酶活。正交试验得到的优化组合为:葡萄糖10g/L,大豆蛋白胨7.5g/L,CuSO41mmol/L,没食子酸0.1mmol/L,优化后发酵液酶活提高了3倍。初步纯化的胆红素氧化酶最适反应温度为40℃,最适pH值为7.5。在1000U/L的酶活下,只需50min就可以降解90%以上100mg/L的染料靛红,显示出胆红素氧化酶在染料废水处理中具有广阔的应用前景。     

合作猪血清中钙、磷、钠、氯、钾含量的动态变化

采用常规方法对 40 头合作猪(公母各半)1～4 月龄的血清钙、磷、钠、氯、钾的含量进行测定和分析。结果表明:不同月龄的血清无机盐除血清钙、猪血清钾含量月龄间差异不显著(P>0.05)外,其它几种无机盐含量均差异极显著(P<0.01)。血清钠含量在 2月龄时最高,以后呈下降趋势。而血清氯和磷的含量均在 3 月龄时最高,4 月龄显著下降。结果还表明,血清同一无机盐含量在相同月龄不同性别间无显著差异(P>0.05)。     

Homology of beta-lactoglobulin, serum retinol-binding protein, and protein HC

The milk protein beta-lactoglobulin has been extensively studied but its function has not been identified. A clue regarding the function of a protein can be obtained by discovering a genetic relationship with a protein of known function through comparisons of amino acid sequence. Such comparisons revealed that beta-lactoglobulin is similar to human serum retinol-binding protein and to another human protein of unknown function known as complex-forming glycoprotein heterogeneous in charge (protein HC). beta-Lactoglobulins from several species have been found to bind retinol, while the absorption and fluorescence properties reported for the unidentified heterogeneous prosthetic group of protein HC are retinoid-like. The role of serum retinol-binding protein in vitamin A transport in the circulation suggests that the other two homologous proteins may function in the binding and transport of retinoids; beta-lactoglobulin may facilitate the absorption of vitamin A from milk and protein HC may mediate the excretion of retinol-derived metabolites.     

Uric acid dihydrate in bird urine

X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the white excrement from a budgerigar, consists mainly of uric acid dihydrate. Initially this material is in the form of a smectic (or cholesteric) phase, which transforms to the normal crystalline phase either on aging or on removal of the minor (soluble) constituents of the excrement with water or dilute acids.     

Spherical urine in birds: petrography

The white part of bird droppings (the urine) consists of microscopically uniform spheres 2 to 8 micrometers in diameter. Strange behavior of the spheres in polarized light indicates that they are often made of a spiraling arrangement of crystals that are particularly well revealed by the electron microscope. Bird urine has a varied composition, and x-ray analysis shows that it does not consist largely of uric acid, as has frequently been parroted.